Equine Sarcoids Flashcards
What are sarcoids?
What species are they commonly found in?
Spontaneous, locally invasive fibroblastic skin tumors
-donkeys , mules, horses
What is the most common tumor in horses?
Sarcoids
What are the common regions of the horse affected by sarcoids?
- head
- legs
- ventral abdomen
Are sarcoids metastatic and how often are they likely to reoccur?
Not metastatic
Recurrence extremely common
What is the cause of equine sarcoids?
Not completely know
-BPV (bovine papiloma virus) thought to have some component
What are the 4 possible presentations of Equine sarcoids?
1) fibroblastic (proud flesh)
2) verrucous (warty)
3) combination of both
4) Occult (slightly raised)
What is the pathohistology of Equine sarcoids?
- hyperplastic and hyperkeratotic epidermis
- marked rete-peg formation
- irregularly arranged fibroblasts (whorls)
—NO invasion of the underlying muscles
What are some differential diagnosis for Equine sarcoids?
- exuberant granulation tissue
- fibrosarcoma
- cutaneous habronemiasis
- squamous cell carcinoma
- dermatophytosis (verucous sarcoids)
How do you treat equine sarcoids?
- Spontaneous regression
- surgical excision
- cryosurgery
- chemotherapy
- radiation
- Bacillus calmette guerin (BCG) immunotherapy
- COMBINATION
Which treatment to use is dependent on what factors?
- size
- number
- location
- value and behaviour of horse
What type of laser is used for sarcoid surgical excision?
Carbon dioxide laser
What are the advantages of using a laser for surgical excision?
- cuts
- vessels are immediately sealed / cauterised with heat
- minimal bleeding
When is cryosurgery indicated to remove sarcoids?
-what element is used?
- in delicate areas such as the eye lid
- liquid nitrogen
What chemotherputic agent is commonly used to treat sarcoids?
Cisplatin
-a series of 4 intratumoral injections given at 2 week intervals
What is the success rate for sarcoid treatment with cisplatin?
96% success rate
