Bone Spavin-P1 fractures Flashcards
What is one of the most common causes of hindlimb lameness in the horse?
Bone Spavin
What is Bone Spavin?
DJD of the distal tarsal joints specifically:
- Distal intertarsal (DIT)
- Tarsometarsal (TMT)
- if severe enough it will be visible on the medial aspect of the joint
- May see significant osteophyte formation
How do you Diagnose Bone Spavin?
- history
- PE
- Lameness evaluation
- Blocks
- radiographs
- nuclear scintigraphy
- MRI
How many joints are there in the HOCK?
the hock is not a joint!!! it is comprised of 5 joints:
1) tibiotarsal joint
2) Proximal intertarsal joint
3) Distal intertarsal joint
4) tarsometatarsal ojint
5) talocalcaneal joint
What does poor conformation predispose to ?
OSTEOARTHRITIS
Where would Bone spavin be visible on a horse if it was severe enough?
on the medial aspect of the hock
What type of conformation is typically associated with Bone spavin?
Sickle hocked
When evaluating a horse for conformation what should you make sure to check/ do so that you do not get an artifact conformation?
- horse should be standing on even ground
- horse should be standing square
What is a Cow hocked horse?
KNOCKING
-hocks are more axially placed under the limb
What breed of horse tend to have abnormal conformations?
Western performance horses used for:
- cutting
- reining
- roping
- barrel racing
*bone spavin is commonly seen in these horses
GO through YOUR radiographic views
cant put pics :(
DLPMO = macdonalds sign or old man on a ledge
DMPLO =
Lateral = no separation of trochelar ridges, talocalcaneal joint visible
When evaluating bone spavin in a horse how many grades are there?
4 grades
What are the causes of Bone Spavin?
1) poor conformation
2) chronic repetitive
- compression
- torsion
- shear strains
What are the qualities of Nuclear scintigraphy that make it useful in diagnosing Bone Spavin?
1) sensitive
2) non specific
3) details cortical bone disease and stress fracture
What are the qualities of MRI that make it useful in diagnosing Bone spavin
Sensitive and Specific for examination of soft and hard tissue in joints!!!!!
*can be as good as arthroscopy for detecting subchondral lesions
What is the most common form of treatment conservative or surgical ?
Conservative- medial management
What surgical treatment can be done for Bone Spavin?
- Ankylosis of the TMT and DIT joints
- Cunean tenectomy (good outcome (83%)
What does medical management as a treatment for Bone spavin involve?
1) IA injections
- corticosteroids
- chondroproteectants
- autologous anti-inflammatories
2) Phenylbutasone (systemic)
3) exercise adaptation
4) corrective shoeing
*Olden days: Bute em and Ride em !
What is a Cunean tenectomy used to treat?
How does it work?
What is the prognosis?
- Bone Spavin
- decreases rotational and shearing on the distal tarsal joints, providing comfort for the patient.
- REALLY GOOD (83% in a large study)
What are the two methods of Ankylosis for Bone Spavin?
Ankylosis of the TMT and DIT joints
1) Mechanical
- drill out joints using drill bit
- Nd: YAG or Diode laser
2) Chemical
- 70% ethanol
- MIA (monoiodoacetate) NO LONGER DONE…. DONT do it…its causes severe pain
Why can you not use chemical ankylosis in the pastern joint?
there is too much movement!!!!
Which joint can you use Chemical ankylosis in and why?
TMT and DIT joints!!!!!
- this is because their primary job is absorption of compressive forces so there is not alot of movement in the joint
- they respond really well to Ethanol (70%) injections
unlike the PASTERN!!!!
MIA (monoiodoacetate) can be used to chemically ankylose a joint?
it can but it should NOT
When mechanically ankylosising a joint what function drilling have?
- a method for getting rid of cartilage