Spirochetes (also gram negative)

Question 1

Stage of syphilis when 50% patients are negative for non-specific serology. Time of duration. Method to use for diagnose.

Answer 1

Primary - 10 days to 3 months after exposure

Immunofluorescence or dark-field microscopy

Question 2

What other diseases than syphilis can also report (+) the FTA-ABS?

Answer 2

Bejel disease (other treponemal)
Lyme disease

Question 3

Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi. Season of the year with more incidence.

Answer 3

Ixodes: ticks and nymphs
- scapularis: northeast, midwest
- pacificus: west coast
Late spring and early summer

Question 4

Lyme disease Stage which have flu-like symptoms and erythema migrans? Pathogenic mechanism. Time of occurrence.

Answer 4

Stage 2
Early dissemination - hematogenously
Days to weeks after 3 days to 1 month of stage 1

Question 5

Diagnose of leptospirosis

Answer 5

Serology - agglutination test
Culture (blood, CSF, urine - low availability)
Dark-field microscopy insensitive