Gram Positive Cocci Flashcards
Microorganism cocci gram (+) associated with endocarditis in IV drug users? What other infection is associated?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Catheter and prosthetic device infection
Which streptococcus strain is associated with glomerulonephritis?
Streptococcus pyogenes M12
Superantigens used by streptococcus pyogenes? Associated with which disease?
Exotoxins A-C (pyogenic or erythrogenic) Scarlet fever (fever and rash)
Acute suppurative disease of streptococcus pyogenes (group A)
Impetigo (pyoderma), scarlet fever, pharyngitis
*also cellulitis/necrotizing fascitis, puerperal fever, lymphangitis, erysipelas
Major pathogenic factors of streptococcus agalactiae? Disease associated.
Capsule, Beta-hemolysin, CAMP factor
Neonatal septicemia and meningitis
Major virulence factor of streptococcus pneumoniae. Why is it important?
Polysaccharide capsule
Asplenia ▶️ ⬆️ risk of septicemia
Diseases caused in adult age by streptococcus pneumoniae
Lobar typical pneumonia
Meningitis
*most common cause of these diseases in adults
Diseases in children most commonly caused by streptococcus pneumoniae
Ottis media, sinusitis
Which is the most specifically test for streptococcus pneumoniae? What sample do you need? What do you look for?
Latex particle agglutination ▶️ capsular antigen in CSF
Virulence factor of streptococcus viridans. Diseases that can cause.
Dextran (biofilm) ▶️ adherence on teeth and damaged heart valves (vegetations - immune system protection)
Dental caries, subacute infective endocarditis
Mainly diseases associated with enterococcus faecalis/faecium. Conditions that predispose them.
Subacute infective endocarditis ▶️ elderly males, follow GI/GU surgery, previous damage heart valve
Urinary and biliary tract infections ▶️ nursing home, hospitals, catheter associated, suspect if AB doesn’t work
Exact subspecie of streptococcus viridans group that cause subacute endocarditis.
Streptococcus sanguinis
