Bacteria Generalities Flashcards
Which microorganisms has no mobility, are encapsulated and within their wall have polypeptides? How do they reproduce?
Bacillus and clostridium
Sporulation
Microorganism that doesn’t have peptidoglycan in its cell wall? Treatment
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Erythromycin
At what stage of the bacterial growth curve are antibiotics most effective?
Log phase
*rapid exponential growth
Which are the obligate anaerobes? They don’t grow in presence of oxygen
Actinomyces, bacteroides, clostridium (ABC)
Which bacterias are obligates aerobes?
Nocardia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus (have superoxide dismutase)
Most bacteria have what type of performance respect oxygen?
Facultative anaerobes ▶️ will respire aerobically until oxygen is depleted ▶️ ferment
Non-gram staining bacteria
Mycoplasma
Ureaplasma
Cocci gram negative
Neisseria
Moraxella
What is the structure that you expect to find only in gram (+) that allow attachment?
Teichoic acid
Obligate intracellular parasites
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/leprae
Rickettsia
Coxellia burnetti
Chlamydia
Only gram (+) bacteria with endotoxin-like structure
Listeria monocytogenes
Usually where is located the B-lactamase in the bacteria? What type of bacterias have it?
Periplasmic space Only Gram (-)
Why does not chlamydia stain well with gram staining?
No Classic peptidoglycan ▶️ ⬇️ muramic acid
How is the selectivity of the Thayer Martin agar? For what bacteria is it useful?
Vancomycin ▶️ (-) gram (+)
TMP, colistin ▶️ (-) gram (-)
Nystatin ▶️ (-) fungi
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningitidis
Which antibiotic is not useful for anaerobes? Why?
Aminoglycosides ▶️ require O2 to enter into bacteria
