Spiral - Chapter 2

Question 1

Define program planning

Answer 1

The process of identifying needs, establishing priorities, diagnosing causes of problems, assessing & allocating resources, and determining barriers to achieving objectives

Question 2

Define a mission statement

Answer 2

A statement of the distinctive purpose of and unique reason for the existence of a program. Can be one-sentence or a short narrative. Broadly defines the program’s purpose. Endure over time & identify the SCOPE or FOCUS.

Question 3

Define goals

Answer 3

General, long-term statements of desired program outcomes & provide the direction upon which all objectives are based

Question 4

Define objectives

Answer 4

Statements that describe the changes in behavior, attitude, skills, status, etc. that will occur in the intervention group due to the program. SMALL, SPECIFIC, SMART steps that allow the goal to be met.

Question 5

Define stakeholders

Answer 5

Individuals/agencies that have a vested interest in the health education program

Question 6

What is a CBO?

Answer 6

Community-Based Organization - Public or private nonprofit organization of demonstrated effectiveness that is representative of a community (or segment of it) and provides services to members of the community

Question 7

What is social marketing?

Answer 7

The use of marketing principles to promote a product, idea, or attitude among members of a population. Good marketing sets behavioral goals, uses consumer research, uses theory, and segments/targets populations

Question 8

What is health communication

Answer 8

An attempt to share information with, influence, and support a variety of audiences to engage in healthy behaviors or support health-related policies

Question 9

What is the priority population?

Answer 9

The entire population if an intervention is being implemented for the total community

Question 10

What is the target audience?

Answer 10

Individuals who are part of the at-risk population

Question 11

What are participants?

Answer 11

The people who receive the intervention or participate in the program

Question 12

What are the 4 communication channels used to disseminate messages about a program to the population?

Answer 12

• Intrapersonal
• Interpersonal
• Organization/community
• Mass media

Question 13

What is a major difference between a partnership and a coalition?

Answer 13

Partnership involves just one other group - May be less complicated but offers less resources

Question 14

Who should you involve in the program planning process?

Answer 14

• Individuals who represent the priority population groups
• Reps of other stakeholders who aren’t in the priority pop
• Individuals who have key roles in sponsoring organizations

Question 15

Who should be included in a planning committee? (6)

Answer 15

• Reps from all segments of the priority pop
• Active community members
• Influential members of community
• Reps of sponsoring agency
• Stakeholders
• Effective leaders

Question 16

Why are planning committees important?

Answer 16

Help increase community & stakeholder involvement to enhance the strategic plan. A leader can be selected or emerge naturally - This may change over time.

Question 17

What are planning models?

Answer 17

Models that help lay out the program planning steps to ensure that a health education specialist has anticipated potential problems in a program & developed solutions (ex: PRECEDE-PROCEED)

Question 18

How many phases are there in PRECEDE-PROCEED?

Answer 18

8!

Question 19

What are the (3) phases of PRECEDE?

Answer 19

1. Social assessment (quality of life of priority pop)
2. Epi assessment (health problems & factors associated with it)
3. Educational/ecological assessment (predisposing, enabling, & reinforcing factors)

Question 20

What are the (5) phases of PROCEED?

Answer 20

4. Admin & policy assessment (resources)
5. Implementation (strategies & activities, begin)
6. Process eval (program feasability)
7. Impact eval (immediate effects)
8. Outcome eval (were long term program goals met?)

Question 21

Social marketing includes the marketing mix. What are the 4 things in it?

Answer 21

Price, place, promotion, product

Question 22

What is the typical objective format? (Order of sentence)

Answer 22

WHO will do HOW MUCH of WHAT by WHEN

Question 23

What are some common types of objectives?

Answer 23

Program/outcome, behavioral, environmental, learning, administrative

Question 24

What are the program/outcome objectives?

Answer 24

Related to goals, but SMART statements of what you want to accomplish with the program. The ends, not the means. Changes in health status.

Question 25

What is a behavioral objective?

Answer 25

The behaviors/actions the population will engage in to resolve the problem & attain the goal (ex: Will start exercising, will eliminate fast food)

Question 26

What is a learning objective?

Answer 26

Descriptions of behavioral, learned skills from the content being taught (ex: will know 3 weight-bearing activities, will know about importance of calorie control)

AKA impact objectives

Question 27

What are administrative objectives?

Answer 27

Detail what program facilitators must accomplish for the program to succeed. Daily tasks. AKA process objectives.

(ex: Will place resources in each community, will contact OBGYNs for support)

Question 28

What are environmental objectives?

Answer 28

Environmental or nonbehavioral influences on a health problem. These include social, physical, & psych environments

Question 29

What are educational strategies?

Answer 29

Those associated with classroom courses, workshops, seminars, etc.

(ex: health fairs, panels, brainstorming, printed materials, etc.)

Question 30

What are health engineering strategies?

Answer 30

Change the social/physical environment in which people live or work. Affect a large number of people. ex: Allowing only healthy foods in vending machines

Question 31

What are community mobilization strategies?

Answer 31

Involving participants in the change process! Include coalition building & lobby. Community organizing, building, & advocacy.

Question 32

What are health communications strategies?

Answer 32

Using all types of communication channels (print, media, web, self-help, etc) to change behavior, attitudes, etc. May provide cues for action & reinforcement of behaviors.

Question 33

What are health policy and enforcement strategies?

Answer 33

Those that mandate actions through laws, regulations, policies, or rules. Sometimes justified to protect public’s health & common good.

Question 34

What are health-related community service strategies?

Answer 34

Services, tests, or treatments to improve the health of the priority population. ex: screenings, teaching about self-exams, etc)

Question 35

What is the difference between the plan for action & the plan for instruction?

Answer 35

Instruction plan - Scope & sequence of bigger picture of what program will look like
Action plan - The units & modules for the specific workshop being facilitated

Question 36

What sense helps people learn most? Least?

Answer 36

Least - What they read (10%)

Most - What they do & say (90%)

Question 37

What are some barriers to program implementation?

Answer 37

Lack of community support, lack of admin support, funding, over-extended specialists with no time, lack of coordination of resources, territorial issues with agencies. Plan for these!

Question 38

What should a good learning environment be?

Answer 38

Physically & psychologically safe! Clean, safe, lighted, well-equipped, at the right temp, etc. Students must feel comfortable with methods, teacher, exam, etc.

Question 39

Define programs

Answer 39

Set of planned activities over time to achieve specific objectives