Spine & Thorax

Question 1

Name the prevertebral muscles located on the anterior neck

Answer 1

longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitus anterior, rectus capitus lateralis

Question 2

Which prevertebral muscle side bends the head?

Answer 2

rectus capitus lateralis

Question 3

What actions does the SCM perform?

Answer 3

bilaterally- flexes the neck, hyperextends the head

unilaterally- SB the neck to the opposite side

Question 4

Where does the SCM originate and insert?

Answer 4

clavical to mastoid process

Question 5

Name the actions the scalene perform?

Answer 5

bilaterally- assist in cervical flexion

unilaterally- SB the cervical spine

Question 6

Name the Origin & insertion of all the scalene muscles

Answer 6

Anterior- TP of C3-C6 to 1st rib
Middle- TP of C2-C7 to 1st rib
Posterior- TP of C5-C7 to 2nd rib

Question 7

Name the sub occipital muscles (4)

Answer 7

obliques captifs superior, obliquus captifs inferior, rectus capitus posterior minor, rectus capitus posterior major

Question 8

What action do the occipital muscles perform & how?

Answer 8

Extend the head by pivoting the skull & atlas around the odontoid process

Question 9

Origin & insertion of the splenius capitis

Answer 9

Spinous process of C7-T3 to mastoid

Question 10

Origin & insertion of the splenius cervicis

Answer 10

Spinous process of T3 to T6

Question 11

What actions does the splenius cervicis perform?

Answer 11

bilaterally- extend the neck

unilaterally- rotate and SB neck to the same side

Question 12

Origin & insertion of rectus abdominis

Answer 12

crest of the pubis to Xiphoid process & costal cartilages of 5,6,7 ribs

Question 13

Rectus abdominis action?

Answer 13

Strong trunk flexor, compresses abdominals

Question 14

What separates the 2 sides of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 14

linea alba

Question 15

Action of the external oblique

Answer 15

unilateral- SB to the same side, rotates the trunk to the opposite side
Bilaterally- flex the trunk

Question 16

External oblique origin & insertion

Answer 16

lateral lower 8 ribs inserts at the iliac crest & linea alba

Question 17

Which trunk muscle forms a “V” shape?

Answer 17

external oblique

Question 18

Action of the internal oblique

Answer 18

Unilateral- SB same side, rotation to same side

Bilaterally- flexes the trunk

Question 19

Origin & insertion of internal oblique

Answer 19

originates inguinal ligament & illiac crest to 10-12 ribs

Question 20

What trunk muscle make an opposite “V” shape?

Answer 20

internal oblique

Question 21

Which trunk muscle is the deepest?

Answer 21

transverse abdominis

Question 22

What is the origin & insertion of the transverse abdominis?

Answer 22

inguinal ligament, illiac crest, thorocolumbar fascia to 10-12 ribs, abdominal aponuerosis & linea alba

Question 23

Actions of the transverse abdominis?

Answer 23

Bilateral- flexes the trunk & compresses the abdomen area
Unilateral- lateral SB to the same side

Question 24

When the trunk moves on the hips it is considered what kind of muscle action?

Answer 24

reversal muscle action

Question 25

When are the hip flexors “disabled” and cannot work in reversal muscle action?

Answer 25

When doing a sit up if the pt’s legs are not stabilized and the hips are shortened (hips & knees flexed)

Question 26

When do the external and internal obliques work as antagonists?

Answer 26

when the spine is being rotated in the same direction. ex: trunk rotation to the L side. internal rotates L side while external rotates right side

Question 27

Describe line of pull & action of most muscles that attach & insert on spinous process & muscles that attach, insert TVP, rib to rib

Answer 27

spinous process- vertical line of pull (extend)
TVP- vertical line of pull (extend & unilaterally SB)
rib to rib- side bend

Question 28

The shorter the muscle the better at _______& the longer the muscle the better at ______.

Answer 28

shorter- rotation

longer- extension

Question 29

muscle actions & line of pull: spinous process to TVP or vise versa?

Answer 29

bilateral- extend the trunk
unilaterally- rotates the trunk
oblique line of pull