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PT 105 > LE Quiz > Flashcards

LE Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip Flex and Ext

A

Convex femoral head SPINS on the fixed concave acetabulum

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2
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip abduction

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES inferiorly on the fixed concave acetabulum

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3
Q

Hip Flexion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-120
soft/firm
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

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4
Q

Arthrokinematics of Hip adduction

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES superiorly on the fixed concave acetabulum

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5
Q

Hip Extension

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-30
firm
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

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6
Q

Arthrokinematics of hip IR

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES on the fixed concave acetabulum in posterior direction

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7
Q

Hip Abduction

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-45
firm
Frontal plane
Sagittal axis

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8
Q

Arthrokinematics of hip ER

A

Convex femoral head GLIDES on the fixed concave acetabulum in anterior direction

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9
Q

Hip adduction

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-30
Soft/firm
Frontal plane
Sagittal axis

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10
Q

Muscles that attach to the ASIS

A

TFL, Sartorius, inguinal ligament

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11
Q

Muscles that attach to the inferior ramus

A

Adductor magnus, adductor brevis, gracilis

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12
Q

What muscles attach to the ischial tuberosity

A

hamstrings and adductor magnus

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13
Q

Muscles that attach to the superior ramus

A

pectineus

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14
Q

What makes up the greater sciatic notch?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinosus ligament

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15
Q

What structures make up the acetabulum?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

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16
Q

What passes through the greater sciatic notch?

A

sciatic nerve and piriformis

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17
Q

Ramus of the ischium is the attachment point for what muscles?

A

Adductor magnus, obturator internus and externus

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18
Q

What muscle attaches to the pectineal line?

A

adductor brevis

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19
Q

The adductor tubercles serves as an attachment for which muscle?

A

Adductor magnus

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20
Q

What structure does the iliopsoas attach to?

A

Lesser trochanter

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21
Q

What muscles attach to the greater trochanter?

A

Gluteus medius, minimus, and deeper rotator muscles

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22
Q

What motion does the superior capsule limit?

A

Adduction

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23
Q

What motion does the posterior capsule limit?

A

flexion and IR

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24
Q

What motion does the Inferior capsule limit?

A

abduction

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25
Q

What motion does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?

A

extension, abduction, adduction, IR

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26
Q

What motion does the pubofemoral ligament limit?

A

extension, abduction, IR

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27
Q

What motion does the iliofemoral ligament limit

A

hyperextension

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28
Q

What is the ligamentum teres?

A

Intracapsular ligament that assists in holding the head of the femur against the acetabulum

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29
Q

What motions does the ligamentum teres limit?

A

Abduction and ER

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30
Q

What structures in the shoulder function like the ligamentum teres?

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus & subscapularis, middle deltoid, deltoid complex, glenoid labrum

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31
Q

How does the supraspinatus Fx like the ligamentum teres?

A

It holds the humeral head into the glenoid fossa

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32
Q

How does the infraspinatus and subscapularis Fx like the ligamentum teres?

A

prevents inferior glide

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33
Q

How does the middle deltoid Fx like the ligamentum teres?

A

concurrent force around the shoulder joint

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34
Q

How does the glenoid labrum Fx like the ligamentum teres?

A

increases the depth of the fossa which increases stability

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35
Q

Angle of inclination of Coxa Valga?

How does the leg appear in weight bearing?

A

neck shaft angle greater than 125 degrees

Leg appears longer

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36
Q

Angle of inclination of Coxa Vara?

How does the leg appear in weight bearing?

A

neck shaft angle less than 125 degrees

Leg appears shorter

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37
Q

One joint muscle provide…..

A

control

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38
Q

Two joint muscles provide…..

A

ROM

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39
Q

What makes up the femoral triangle?

A

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Adductor longus

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40
Q

Is the Gracilis a one joint or two joint muscle?

A

two

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41
Q

The adductor longus and brevis are one joint or two joint muscles?

A

one

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42
Q

What are the six deep rotators of the hip

A

Obturator externus and internus
Quadratus femoris
Piriformis
Gemellus superior and inferior

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43
Q

What line of pull do the six deep rotators have?

A

Horizontal

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44
Q

What line of pull does the gluteus maximus have?

A

Diagonal

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45
Q

What line of pull does the gluteus medius have?
What shape does it have?
What muscle is it like?

A

Diagonal
Triangular
Deltoid (force couple)

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46
Q

What line of pull does the gluteus medius have?
What shape does it have?
What muscle is it like?

A

Diagonal
Triangular
Deltoid (force couple)

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47
Q

What line of pull does the gluteus minimus and TFL have?

A

anteriolateral

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48
Q

Nerve innervations gluteus maximus

A

Inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2

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49
Q

Nerve innervations biceps femoris short head

A

common peroneal

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50
Q

Nerve innervations biceps femoris long head

A

sciatic nerve s1,s2,s3

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51
Q

Nerve innervations quadratus femoris

A

L5, S1

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52
Q

Nerve innervations Lumbar plexus

A

L1-L4

Innervates thigh and leg

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53
Q

Nerve innervations Sacral plexus

A

L5-S3

Innervates leg and foot

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54
Q

Describe normal muscle activation

A

insertion moves toward origin

Stable origin allows for mobile insertion

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55
Q

Describe reversal of muscle activation

A

Origin moves toward the insertion

Origin becomes mobile and insertion becomes stable

56
Q

Side bending Muscle activation

A

Psoas origin moves toward insertion

57
Q

Biceps brachii during chin ups

A

Humerus moves towards forearm

Origin moves towards stable insertion

58
Q

What type of joints is the tibiofemoral joint?

A

Bicondylar

59
Q

What type of joints is the patellafemoral?

A

incongruent

60
Q

Arhtrokinematics of knee flexion?

A

Concave tibial condyles GLIDE posteriorly on the fixed convex femoral condyles

61
Q

Arhtrokinematics of knee extension?

A

Concave tibial condyles GLIDE anteriorly on the fixed convex femoral condyles

62
Q

Knee Flexion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-135
soft
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

63
Q

Knee Extension

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0
firm
Sagittal plane
Frontal axis

64
Q

Arthrokinematics of tibial rotation

A

Proximal concave surface of the tibia SPINS on the convex condyles of the fixed femur
*spin occurs w/ roll & glide

65
Q

Knee IR & ER

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

40-58 @ 90 knee flexion
Firm
Horizontal plane
Longitudinal axis

66
Q

What type of joint is the knee

A

synovial hinge joint

67
Q

What is the knee not a true hinge joint

A

b/c it has rotation

68
Q

What motions do the ACL and PCL limit?

A

Extension and IR

69
Q

What motions do the MCL and LCL limit?

A

extension and ER

70
Q

What motion does the oblique popliteal ligament limit

A

Extension

71
Q

When does the screw home mechanism occur?

A

the last 20 degrees of knee extension

72
Q

What is the moment arm of the quadriceps?

A

The distance b/t the quad/patella tendon and the femur

73
Q

Tibial plateau

A

medial and lateral condyles and the intercondylar eminence of the tibia

74
Q

ACL attachment points

A

Anterior tibia to posterior femur

75
Q

PCL attachment points

A

Posterior tibia to anterior femur

76
Q

What type of tibia/femur displacement does the ACL prevent

A

tibia- anterior

femur- posterior

77
Q

What type of tibia/femur displacement does the PCL prevent

A

tibia- posterior

femur- anterior

78
Q

What is the q-angle

A

angle b/t the quad and patella tendon

79
Q

do males or females have a greater q-angle?

A

females- wider pelvis

80
Q

What is the normal range of the q-angle during knee extension?
What may occur if outside of that range?

A

13-19 degrees

knee/patella dysfunction

81
Q

Which cruciate ligament sustains less injuries

A

PCL

82
Q

Cruciate ligaments provide stability for what plane of motion

A

sagittal plane

83
Q

Which motion causes the ACL to tighten?

A

Knee extension

84
Q

What motion causes the PCL to tighten?

A

Knee flexion

85
Q

Collateral ligaments provide stability for what plane of motion?

A

frontal plane

86
Q

What motions cause the collateral ligaments to tighten or slacken?

A 
tighten= knee extension
Slacken= knee flexion
87
Q

MCL attachment points

A

Femur to tibia/ blends into medial mensci

tibial collateral ligament

88
Q

LCL attachment points

A

Femur to head of fibula (fibular collateral ligament)

89
Q

The cruciate ligaments prevent….

A

Tibial translation and excessive hyperextension

90
Q

What does the MCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide

A

excessive lateral motion of the knee

Medial stability

91
Q

What does the LCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide

A

excessive medial motion of the knee

lateral stability

92
Q

What does the LCL prevent and what type of stability does it provide

A

excessive medial motion of the knee

lateral stability

93
Q

Which collateral ligament is strong and not susceptible to injury?

A

LCL

94
Q

Where is the prepatallar bursa located?

A

b/t patella and skin

95
Q

Where is the deep infrapatella bursa located?

A

b/t proximal tibia and patellar ligament

96
Q

Where is the suprapatellar bursa located?

A

b/t distal femur and quadriceps tendon

97
Q

Where is the posterior bursa located?

A

b/t popliteal tendon and lateral femoral condyle

98
Q

Where is the lateral bursa located?

A

b/t IT band at distal attachment

99
Q

Where is the medial bursa located?

A

b/t the pes anserine under the tendons for the Sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis

100
Q

Nerve innervations for the quads

A

femoral nerve L2-L4

101
Q

Nerve innervations for the hamstrings

A

Sciatic nerve L5-S2

short head of the biceps Common peroneal L5-S2

102
Q

Nerve innervations for the hamstrings

A

Sciatic nerve L5-S2

short head of the biceps Common peroneal L5-S2

103
Q

What passes through the popliteal space?

A

tibial common peroneal nerve, popliteal artery and vein

104
Q

What structures make up the popliteal space?

A 
Medial= semimembranosus & semitendinosus
Lateral= biceps femoris
Inferior= heads of the gastroc
105
Q

What unlocks the knee?

A

popliteal

106
Q

What nerve innervates the gastroc?

A

tibial nerve S1, S2

107
Q

What are the one joint muscles of the knee?

A

Anterior- vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius

Posterior- popliteus, short head of biceps femoris

108
Q

What are the two joint muscles of the knee?

A

Anterior- rectus femoris

Posterior- Long head of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, Sartorius, gracilis, gastroc

109
Q

What makes up the forefoot?

A

metatarsals and phalanges

110
Q

What makes up the mid foot?

A

navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms

111
Q

What makes up the hindfoot?

A

talus and calcaneus

112
Q

Where is the sustentaculum tali located?

A

medial, superior portion of the calcaneus

113
Q

What structures pass through the sustentaculum tali?

A

Tibialis posterior, flexor halluces longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibial nerve and artery

114
Q

What is the largest bone in the foot?

A

calcaneus

115
Q

What attaches to the calcaneus?

A

gastroc, soleus, and plantaris muscle

116
Q

Fx of the ankle and foot

A

Shock absorber during gait cycle
Adapts to surface levels
Provides a stable base of support to propel from

117
Q

Plantarflexion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-50
firm/hard
Oblique sagittal plane
Oblique frontal axis

118
Q

Dorsiflexion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-20
firm/hard
Oblique sagittal plane
Oblique frontal axis

119
Q

Inversion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-35
firm
Oblique frontal plane
Oblique sagittal axis

120
Q

Eversion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-20
firm/hard
Oblique frontal plane
Oblique sagittal axis

121
Q

Eversion

AROM, End feel, Plane, Axis

A

0-20
firm/hard
Oblique frontal plane
Oblique sagittal axis

122
Q

What movements make up supination of the foot?

A

PF, inversion, ADD

123
Q

What movements makes up pronation of the foot?

A

DF, eversion, ABD

124
Q

Where are the medial ligaments of the ankle/foot?

A

Deltoid ligaments and spring ligament

125
Q

What are the 4 sections of the deltoid ligaments

A

Anterior tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, posterior tibiotalar, anterior tibiotalar

126
Q

What is the Fx of the deltoid ligaments

A

strengthen the medial side of the ankle joint
hold calcaneus & navicular against talus
help maintain strength of the medial longitudinal arch

127
Q

Where does the spring ligament attach

A

calcaneus to navicular

128
Q

What is the function of the spring ligament

A

support the medial side of the longitudinal arch

129
Q

What bones does the medial longitudinal arch support

A

Calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3

130
Q

Which arch is considered the keystone of the body?

A

medial longitudinal arch

131
Q

What bones does the transverse arch support?

A

cuneiforms and cuboid

132
Q

What are the fx of arches

A

Variety of motion in foot
Maintains shape of foot, ligaments, plantar fascia, and muscles
Weight is distributed in a triangle( 1st met- 5th met- calcaneus)
Supported by invertors and evertors

133
Q

Where does the long plantar ligament and longest tarsal ligament attach?

A

cuboid and bases of 3-5 metatarsals

134
Q

Where does the short plantar ligament attach

A

calcaneus to cuboid

135
Q

What does the short plantar ligament assist

A

long plantar ligament

136
Q

What supports the short plantar ligament

A

plantar fascia

PT 105 (16 decks)

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