Spine Flashcards
C5 reflex test.
Biceps.
C5 motor function test.
Deltoid.
C5 sensation test.
Anterolateral brachium.
C6 reflex test.
Brachioradialis tendon.
C6 motor test.
Wrist extension.
C6 sensation test.
Radial hand and forearm.
C7 motor test.
Wrist flexion.
C7 sensation test.
Middle digit.
C8 motor test.
Finger flexion.
C8 sensation test.
Ulnar forearm and hand.
T1 motor test.
Interossei.
T1 sensation test.
Medial brachium.
L4 motor test.
Tibalis anterior.
L4 reflex test.
Patellar tendon.
L4 sensation test.
Medial leg, ankle and foot.
L5 motor test.
Extensor digitorum longus.
L5 sensory test.
Midline ankle, dorsum foot, digits 2-4.
S1 motor test.
Peroneus longus, brevis.
S1 reflex test.
Achilles.
S1 sensory test.
Lateral ankle, foot.
Shoulder abduction should do this to cervical radicular pain.
Reduce it.
This nerve root exits at the C4-5 neural foramen.
C5.
Disc herniation at C5-6 involves this nerve root.
C6 (caudal).
Natural history of cervical spondylotic myelopathy is characterized by.
Stepwise deterioration followed by period of stability.
Most common cervical spine manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis.
Atlantoaxial subluxation.
Second most common cervical spine manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis.
Basilar invagination.
Differentiates neurogenic from hypovolemic shock.
Relative bradycardia in neurogenic shock.
Neurogenic shocks results from this.
Loss of sympathetic tone.
Preexisting cervical spondylosis with hyperextension injury
Central cord syndrome.
Most common incomplete spinal cord injury.
Central cord syndrome.
Incomplete spinal cord syndrome with best prognosis.
Brown-Sequard syndrome.
Brown-Sequard deficits.
Ipsilateral motor loss, contralateral pain and temp loss.
ASIA E.
Normal motor.
ASIA D.
Greater than half of motor segments below neurologic injury level are 3 or greater. Incomplete sensory.
ASIA C.
Less than half of motor segments below neurologic linjury level are 3 or greater. Incomplete sensory.
ASIA B.
No motor function below neurologic level of injury. Incomplete sensory deficit.
ASA A.
No motor or sensory function below level.
Bulging nucleus pulposis with intact annulus.
Disc protrusion.
Pulposus herniated through annulus but confined by PLL.
Disc extrusion.
Disc material free in canal, separated from bulk of disc.
Disc sequestration.
Posterior laminectomy for thoracic disc herniation.
Contraindicated due to high rate of neurologic injury.
Imaging modality for evaluation of recurrent disc herniation.
MRI with gadolinium.
Surgical treatment of disc herniation.
Partial laminotomy and discectomy.
Alendronate effect on spinal fusion rates.
Decrease.
BMP2 FDA indication.
Single-level anterior interbody fusion.
Grade IV spondylolisthesis.
Greater than 75%.
Grade III spondylolisthesis.
50-75%.
Activities with Grade I spondylolisthesis.
May return to normal activities including contact sports and gymnastics once asymptomatic.
Activities with Grade II spondylolisthesis.
Restricted from gymnastics/football.
Prophylactic fusion recommended for growing children with sponylolisthesis greater than this amount.
50%.
Most frequent level of degenerative spondylolisthesis.
L4-5.
Indications for non-operative tx of a lumbar burst fx (4).
- < 20-30 deg kyphosis
- < 50% loss of height
- Intact PCL
- No neurologic compromise
Most common site of DISH in spine.
Thoracic region on right side.
DISH is associated with this chronic disease.
Diabetes.
Earliest radiographic finding of spinal infections.
Loss of normal lumbar lordosis.
Spinal tuberculosis originates from the ____ and spreads ___.
Originates in metaphysis of vertebral body and spreads under ALL.
