Spine

Question 1

most spine imaging is performed with the use of

Answer 1

a surface/local coil

Question 2

in patients who have undergone sugery for a herniated disk in the lumbar spine, contrast enhancment can be sued to distinguish recurrent disk from postoperative scar because

Answer 2

disk enhances more slowly than postoperative scar

Question 3

for optimal imaging of the C spine patient positioning and local coil placment are

Answer 3

supine/under the neck to include C1-C7

Question 4

on a 24cm FOV siagittal T spine image that demonstrates a cord compression the vertebral level can be determined by using

Answer 4

a large FOV localizer and counting down from C2

Question 5

in lumbar spine imaging images acquired directly through intervertebral disk spaces can be acquired in the (plane)

Answer 5

oblique

Question 6

on T1 weighted images of the spine the CSF appears

Answer 6

hypointense to the spinal cord

Question 7

the conus and the cauda equina in adult patients are best demonstrated by any of the following

Answer 7

sagittal T spine

Sagittal L spine

coronal T spine

Question 8

figure B 10 was acquiredin the _____plane

Answer 8

sagittal

Question 9

figure B 10 is an example of a _____(weighting)

Answer 9

T1

Question 10

figure B 10 arrow A

Answer 10

oropharynx

Question 11

figure B 10 arrow B

Answer 11

anterior arch of C1

Question 12

figure B 10 arrow C

Answer 12

Dens

Question 13

figure B 10 arrow D

Answer 13

cervical disk

Question 14

figure B 10 arrow E

Answer 14

trachea

Question 15

figure B 10 arrow F

Answer 15

spinal cord

Question 16

figure B 10 arrow G

Answer 16

vertebral body

Question 17

figure B 10 the vertebral bodies of the C spine can be visualized because

Answer 17

hydrogen in cortical bone is too tightly bound to be “excited” by the MR process therefore cortical bone appears dark on MR images and outlines the vertebral body

bone marrow contains fat and water and therefore appears bright depending upon the scan parameters used to create the image

Question 18

figure B 10 there is a slight cervical disk herniation at the level of

Answer 18

C5/C6

Question 19

3D gradient coils on axial views can be used in C spine imaging to provide

Answer 19

thin contiguios sections of the spine

ability to reformat into any other imaging plane

ability to get either T1, spin density or T2* informatoin by changing the aquisition parameters (TR, TE, flip angle)

Question 20

in complete spine imaging to rule out metastatic lesions of the spinal cord, contrast enhancement can be sued with T 1 weighted images because

Answer 20

metastatic lesions within the cord enhance and normal cord does not

Question 21

figure B 11 was acquired with a 48cm rectangular FOV, 4 mm slice thickness, and a 512x512 matrix. A small FOV image that would bear the same spatial resolution is

Answer 21

24 cm FOV, 4 mm slice thickness and 256x256 matrix

Question 22

judging from the SNR on figure B 11 the coil or coils that were most likely used to acquire this image are

Answer 22

phased array

Question 23

figure B 11 the low signal intensity area (arrows H) that runs superior and inferior but posterior to the spinous process represents

Answer 23

spinatus tendon

Question 24

figure B 11 was acquired in the ______plane

Answer 24

sagittal

Question 25

figure B 11 is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_weighting

Answer 25

T 2

Question 26

figure B 11 arrow A

Answer 26

Pons

Question 27

figure B 11 arrow B

Answer 27

cervical spinal cord

Question 28

figure B 11 arrow C

Answer 28

T 3

Question 29

figure B 11 arrow D

Answer 29

interbertebral disk

Question 30

figure B 11 arrow E

Answer 30

conus medularis

Question 31

figure B 11 arrow F

Answer 31

cauda equina

Question 32

figure B 11 arrow G

Answer 32

sacrum

Question 33

figure B 12 was acquired in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_plane

Answer 33

sagittal

Question 34

figure B 12 is an example of (weighting)

Answer 34

T 1

Question 35

figure B 12 could have been acquired with a SE or FSE with

Answer 35

short TR and short TE

Question 36

figure B 12 arrow A

Answer 36

conus medularis

Question 37

figure B 12 arrow B

Answer 37

ligamentum flavum

Question 38

figure B 12 arrow C

Answer 38

spinous process

Question 39

figure B 12 arrow D

Answer 39

anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 40

figure B 12 arrow E

Answer 40

cauda equina

Question 41

figure B 12 arrow F

Answer 41

L3/L4 intervertebral disk

Question 42

figure B 12 arrow G

Answer 42

epidural fat

Question 43

figure B 12 arrow H

Answer 43

posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 44

figure B 12 arrow I

Answer 44

L5 vertebral body

Question 45

figure B 12 arrow J

Answer 45

L5/S1

Question 46

to evaluate the intervertebral disk in the L spine imaging (figure B 13) is generally performed in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_plane

Answer 46

off axis oblique plane

Question 47

figure B 13 is an example of a (weighting)

Answer 47

T 2

Question 48

figure B 13 wouild have bneen acquired with a SE or FSE with

Answer 48

long TR and long TE

Question 49

figure B 13 arrow A

Answer 49

right common iliac artery

Question 50

figure B 13 arrow B

Answer 50

right psoas muscle

Question 51

figure B 13 arrow C

Answer 51

intervertebral disk

Question 52

figure B 13 arrow D

Answer 52

pedicle

Question 53

figure B 13 arrow E

Answer 53

spinal canal (with nerve roots)

Question 54

figure B 13 arrow F

Answer 54

facet joint zygapophyseal joint

Question 55

figure B 13 arrow G

Answer 55

lamina

Question 56

figure B 13 arrow H

Answer 56

spinous process

Question 57

figure B 13 arrow I

Answer 57

right erector spinae muscle