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Year 4: Neurology > Spinal Nerves + Spinal Cord Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Nerves + Spinal Cord Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there

A

31

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2
Q

what do spinal nerves innervate

A

the soma (body wall) via rami

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3
Q

which gyrus is somatomotor?

in which lobe of the brain is it located?

A

pre-central gyrus in frontal lobe

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4
Q

which gyrus is somatosensory?

in which lobe of the brain is it located?

A

post-central gyrus in parietal lobe

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5
Q

C2 dermatome

A

back of scalp + Adams apple

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6
Q

C3 dermatome

A

back of neck + jugular notch

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7
Q

C4 dermatome

A

clavicle

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8
Q

C5 dermatome

A

REGIMENTAL BADGE PATCH

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9
Q

C6 dermatome
C7 dermatome
C8 dermatome

A 
C6 = thumb 
C7 = middle finger
C8 = little finger
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10
Q

T4 dermatome

A

male nipple

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11
Q

T8 dermatome

A

Xiphoid process

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12
Q

T10 dermatome

A

umbilicus

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13
Q

T12 dermatome

A

Pubic symphysis

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14
Q

L1 dermatome

A

groin

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15
Q

L3 dermatome

L4 dermatome

A 
L2 = Anterior thigh
L3 = anterior knee
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16
Q

L4 dermatome

A

medial malleolus

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17
Q

L5 dermatome

A

dorsum of foot

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18
Q

S1 dermatome

A

heel

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19
Q

S2 dermatome
S3 dermatome
S4 dermatome

A 
S2 = posterior knee
S3 = buttock
S4 = perineum
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20
Q

roots of femoral nerve

A

L2,3,4

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21
Q

roots of great auricular nerve

A

C2,3

22
Q

roots of supraclavicular nerve

A

C3,4

- supplies clavicle + shoulder tip

23
Q

what vertebral level does the spinal cord terminate?

what is this called?

A

L1/L2

- connus medullaris

24
Q

what is contained in the central canal of the spinal cord

A

CSF

25
Q

what roots are contained in the cauda equina

A

L2-L5

S1-S5

26
Q

which spinal levels have lateral horns? why?

A

T1-L2 for sympathetic outflow

27
Q

what is contained in the epidural space?

A

fat + venous plexus

- gap between dura + bone

28
Q

name the extrinsic back muscles

A

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboids

29
Q

nerve supply to trapezius

A

spinal accessory nerve

30
Q

nerve supply to latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve

31
Q

nerve supply to levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular nerve

32
Q

nerve supply to rhomboids

A

dorsal scapular nerve

33
Q

name the intrinsic back muscles

A 
erector spinae (superficial)
transversospinalis (deep)
34
Q

nerve supply intrinsic back muscles

A

posterior rami

35
Q

what muscles extend the spine

A

erector spinae

36
Q

what spinal ligament prevents

  • over flexion
  • over extension
A

posterior longitudinal prevents over flexion

anterior longitudinal prevents over extension

37
Q

what ligament connects adjacent laminae

A

ligamentum flavum

38
Q

what ligament connects tips of spinous processes

A

supraspinous ligament

39
Q

what ligament connects surfaces of spinous processes

A

interspinous ligament

40
Q

what does the white matter of the spinal cord contain

A

ascending sensory + descending motor tracts

41
Q

what are the ascending (sensory) tracts

A

dorsal column

spinothalamic

42
Q

what is the dorsal column responsible for

A

fine touch + proprioception

43
Q

what is the spinothalamic tract responsible for

A

pain, temperature, deep pressure

44
Q

what is important to remember about the fibres in the spinothalamic tract?

A

cross segmentally - will be contralateral loss of pain/temperature to a lesion

45
Q

what is the corticospinal tract responsible for

A

fine, precise movement

46
Q

what is the tectospinal tract responsible for

A

head + neck movement

47
Q

what is the reticulospinal tract responsible for

A

influences voluntary movement

48
Q

what is the vestibulospinal tract responsible for

A

anti-gravity muscles

49
Q

what is brown sequard syndrome

A

lateral hemisection of spinal cord

50
Q

upper motor neurone lesion signs

A

increased muscle weakness
increased muscle tone
increased reflexes
spasticity

51
Q

lower motor neurone lesion signs

A

decreased muscle tone
decreased reflexes
fasciculations (spontaneous contractions)

52
Q

first palpable vertebrae

A

C7

- vertebrae prominens

Year 4: Neurology (24 decks)

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