Sleep Disorders Flashcards
when does non-REM sleep occur in the night
at the start of the night
physiological features of non-REM sleep
decreased cerebral blood flow
decreased HR + BP
what processes occur in non-REM sleep
protein synthesis
cell devision
growth
when does REM sleep occur
end of night
physiological features of REM sleep
increased cerebral blood flow
atonic muscles – decreased tone + strength
EEG activity in REM sleep
fast activity
EEG activity in non-REM sleep
synchronised, rhythmic activity
functions of REM sleep
consolidation of memory
maintains immune system
in what stage of sleep does dreaming occur
REM sleep
what things can suppress REM sleep
tricyclic antidepressants
alcohol
what are parasomnias
abnormal behaviour of the nervous system during sleep
can occur during non-REM and REM sleep
features of non-REM parasomnia
confusional arousals
sleep walking
sleep terrors / paralysis
bruxism (grining teeth)
REM sleep parasomnias are associated with what condition
Parkinsons
what is narcolepsy
chronic neurological disorder involving loss of the brains ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles
what are the 2 peak ages of onset of narcolepsy
age 15
age 36
symptoms of narcolepsy
daytime sleepiness cataplexy involuntary somnolence during eating/talking hyphagogic hallucinations sleep paralysis
what is cataplexy
sudden loss of muscle tone due to strong emotions e.g. laughing / crying
what are hyphagogic hallucinations
hallucinations that occur at the transition of wakefulness to sleep
investigations for narcolepsy
overnight polysomnography
multiple sleep latency tests
how are sleep latency tests carried out
4 x 25 minute naps are scheduled
– if they fall asleep within 10 mins and go into REM sleep this is diagnostic of narcolepsy
what is the neurotransmitter that regulates sleep
hypocretin
will be low in narcolepsy
drug treatments used in narcolepsy
modafinil
methylphenidate
clomipramine
