Pass Med Q's 2 Flashcards
what does the Barthel index assess
disability / dependence in activities of daily living in stroke patients
what is affected in subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
dorsal + lateral columns
- loss of proprioception + vibration sense
- distal parastheseia
criteria for thrombectomy in ischaemic stroke
- within 6 hours of symptom onset if confirmed occlusion of proximal anterior circulation
- between 6-24 hours if confirmed occlusion of proximal anterior circulation PLUS potential to salvage brain tissue, as shown on CT
treatment of idiopathic intracranial HTN
weight loss
acetazolamide
topiramate – added benefit of weight loss
what is Uhthoff’s phenomenon
worsening of vision following rise in body temperature
- seen in MS
what is Lhermitte’s syndrome
parasthseia in limbs following neck flexion
- seen in MS, cervical stenosis, subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
if there is macula sparing, where is the lesion likely to be?
occipital cortex
- supplied by posterior cerebral artery
which anti-epileptic can cause peripheral neuropathy
phenytoin
headache that is worse on standing, improves when lying flat
spontaneous intracranial hypotension
- results from CSF leak
- marfans syndrome is a risk factor
tumour arising from falx cerebri causing symptoms by compression - what is the tumour?
a meningioma
how does a Jacksonian March seizure present
starts by affecting a peripheral body part e.g toe/finger and then spreads over the respective foot/hand
what is autonomic dysreflexia
clinical syndrome that occurs in patients with a spinal injury at, or above, T6
- hypertension
- flushing
- sweating
presentation of internuclear ophthalmoplegia
affected eye fails to ADDuct
contralateral eye abducts but with nystagmus
how should medication be administered in parkinsons patient who usually takes oral levodopa if they develop an unsafe swallow
switch to dopamine agonist patch to prevent acute dystonia
axillary freckling
NF1
what diet can be useful in childhood epilepsy that is difficult to control and unresponsive to medication
ketogenic diet
what is a quick test you can do to check if nasal fluid from a trauma patient is CSF?
test for glucose
- will be +ve in CSF and -ve in mucus
treatment of headache following LP
caffeine + fluids
Jacksonian March seizures indicate epilepsy in what lobe of the brain
frontal lobe
best imaging for diagnosing an acoustic neuroma
MRI of cerebellopontine angle
symptoms of wenicke’s encephalopathy
nystagmus/opthalmoplegia, ataxia, confusion
- due to B1 deficiency
- confabulation = development of Korsakoff syndrome
which anaesthetic can patients with myasthenia gravis be resistant to
suxamethonium
eye deviated up + outwards
4th CN palsy
proximal muscle weakness that initially improves with exercise suggests what
Lambert eaton syndrome
presentation of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome
painless muscle wasting of the hands with weakness of grasp/grip
reynauds
numbness/tingling
weakness of foot dorsiflexion + eversion
lateral lower leg sensory loss
common peroneal nerve lesion
