Neuropathy Flashcards
what is mononeuropathy
single peripheral nerve affected by pathology
what is polyneuropathy
several symmetrical nerves affected by pathology
what is mononeuritis multiplex
when 2 or more peripheral nerves are affected
through what pathological mechanisms can neuropathy occur
demyelination e.g. Gillian Barre Syndrome
axonal degeneration e.g. drugs, alcohol, lead
infarction e.g. diabetes
compression
infiltration e.g. malignancy
pneumonic to remember causes of peripheral neuropathy
ABCDE
A= alcohol B= B12 deficiency C= Cancer, CKD D= Diabetes, Drugs E= Every Vasculitis
what drugs can cause neuropathy
isoniazid amiodarone cisplatin nitrofurantoin metronidazole
what is meralgia parasthetica
neuropathy of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
- numbness of outer thigh
- typically caused by pregnancy
what nerve is damaged in foot drop
common peroneal nerve
what nerve is damaged in wrist drop
radial nerve
what is Guillian Barre syndrome
inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
what triggers Guillian Barre
Infection – CMV, EBV, campylobacter
symptoms of Guillian Barre
symmetrical limb weakness (starts at feet and moves up body)
peripheral sensory loss
reduced reflexes
investigation of Guillian Barre
Nerve conduction studies
- slow conduction
management of Guillian Barre
IV Immunoglobulins
what is a leading cause of death in Guillian Barre
PE
- give VTE prophylaxis
what is charcot Marie Tooth Disease
hereditary condition that affects peripheral motor + sensory axons
sings/symptoms of charcot Marie Tooth Disease
pes cavus (high foot arches) bilateral foot drop distal muscle wasting lower limb weakness reduced muscle tone + reflexes
weakness of foot dorsiflexion, ankle eversion + inversion and reduced sensation in 1st webspace is caused by neuropathy of which nerve root
L5 neuropathy
weakness of hip flexion + knee extension is caused by neuropathy of which nerve
femoral nerve
neuropathy + raised gamma GT is suggestive of what
alcoholic peripheral neuropathy
