Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves Flashcards
There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves.
31
The deep groove on the ventral surface that extends the length of the spinal cord is the
anterior median fissure.
Which spinal nerves comprise the cauda equina?
lumbar, sacral and coccygeal
What two grooves extend the length of the spinal cord and partially divide it into right and left halves?
anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus
The fibrous strand or terminal filum that anchors the inferior end of the spinal cord to the coccyx is a continuation of the
pia mater.
space superficial to the meninges in the spinal cord area in which an anesthetic is injected to block pain impulses from the pelvic area
epidural space
Which of the following is NOT one of the four regions into which the spinal cord is divided?
coccygeal
lumbar
sacral
thoracic
coccygeal
The spinal cord is contiguous superiorally with the
medulla oblongata.
The nerves that supply the upper limbs enter or exit from this area of the spinal cord.
cervical enlargement
The nerves that supply the lower limbs enter or exit from this area of the spinal cord.
lumbar enlargement
Which of the following statements about the spinal cord is NOT correct?
It has two enlargements.
It extends to the level of lumbar vertebra three in an adult.
It gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves.
It has a central canal that is continuous with the fourth ventricle of the brain.
It extends to the level of lumbar vertebra three in an adult.
The inferior end of the spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the
filum terminale.
The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is organized into three columns. Which of the following is NOT one of the columns?
ventral column
lateral column
inferior column
dorsal column
inferior column
The gray matter on either side of the spinal cord is subdivided into anterior, lateral and posterior
horns
The lateral horns of the gray matter in the thoracic region of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of
sympathetic motor neurons.
The gray matter on the right and left sides of the spinal cord is connected by the
gray commissure.
Which of the following terms is synonymous with columns as in columns of white matter in the spinal cord?
funiculi
Each column in the white matter of the spinal cord consists of one or more
tracts
The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is arranged in
three columns - ventral, lateral and dorsal.
All of the following are true about spinal nerves EXCEPT:
they are all mixed
there are 31 pairs
spinal nerves may contain nerve fibers of both the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
all motor nerve fibers in spinal nerves extend uninterrupted from the spinal cord to an effector.
all motor nerve fibers in spinal nerves extend uninterrupted from the spinal cord to an effector.
Ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord occur in the
columns.
The knee-jerk reflex involves which of the following?
sensory and motor neurons
The reflex arc contains a:
sensory reception
sensory neuron
motor neuron
All of the above.
All of the above.
Which of the following combinations indicates the correct distribution of spinal nerve pairs?
7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal
7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 6 sacral - 1 coccygeal
8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 4 sacral - 1 coccygeal
8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal
8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal
The anterior branch or ramus of a spinal nerve supplies
muscles and skin of the back
muscles and skin on the front and sides of the trunk and limbs
the meninges and blood vessels of the spinal cord
intervertebral ligaments and vertebrae
muscles and skin on the front and sides of the trunk and limbs
Where are fibers of adjacent spinal nerves sorted and recombined so that fibers specific to a body part reach that body part in the same nerve?
plexus
The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following?
the diaphragm
intercostal muscles
muscles of the arm and forearm
muscles of the lower limb
muscles of the arm and forearm
The sciatic nerves arise from which of these plexuses?
lumbosacral
Which of the following combinations of spinal nerves supply the brachial plexuses?
C1-C4
C1-T1
C5-T1
T12-S5
C5-T1
Which of the following are NOT peripheral nerves associated with the brachial plexuses?
axillary nerves
femoral nerves
radial nerves
ulnar nerves
femoral nerves
Which of the following nerves arising from the lumbosacral plexuses are the largest and longest peripheral nerves in the body?
femoral nerves
obturator nerves
pudental nerves
sciatic nerves
sciatic nerves
Which of the following plexuses is NOT paired with a peripheral nerve originating from it?
brachial - radial nerve
cervical - phrenic nerve
lumbar - femoral nerve
sacral - muscuolcutaneous nerve
sacral - muscuolcutaneous nerve
The ventral branches or rami of spinal nerves do NOT join to form nerve plexuses in which of the following spinal cord areas?
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Coccygeal
thoracic
After severely breaking his left humerus in an accident, a man lost sensation on the posterior aspect of the limb and was unable to extend his forearm, wrist, or fingers. What nerve was damaged?
radial
After severely injuring her hip in an accident, a woman was unable to extend her right leg. What nerve was damaged?
femoral
The ventral rami of adjacent spinal nerves intermingle with each other to form a
plexus
Which of the following nerves arises from the brachial plexus and innervates all of the extensor muscles of the upper limb?
axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
radial nerve
Compression of what nerve arising from the brachial plexus results in numbness, tingling, and pain in the fingers, a condition called carpal tunnel syndrome?
median nerve
Which of the following nerves arises from the brachial plexus and innervates all of the extensor muscles of the upper limb?
axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve
radial nerve
Nerve fibers in the phrenic nerves that innervate the diaphragm arise primarily from what plexuses?
cervical
Which pair of spinal nerves does NOT supply any skin area?
C1
C8
T1
S1
C1
