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Anatomy > Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves.

A

31

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2
Q

The deep groove on the ventral surface that extends the length of the spinal cord is the

A

anterior median fissure.

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3
Q

Which spinal nerves comprise the cauda equina?

A

lumbar, sacral and coccygeal

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4
Q

What two grooves extend the length of the spinal cord and partially divide it into right and left halves?

A

anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus

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5
Q

The fibrous strand or terminal filum that anchors the inferior end of the spinal cord to the coccyx is a continuation of the

A

pia mater.

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6
Q

space superficial to the meninges in the spinal cord area in which an anesthetic is injected to block pain impulses from the pelvic area

A

epidural space

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the four regions into which the spinal cord is divided?

coccygeal
lumbar
sacral
thoracic

A

coccygeal

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8
Q

The spinal cord is contiguous superiorally with the

A

medulla oblongata.

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9
Q

The nerves that supply the upper limbs enter or exit from this area of the spinal cord.

A

cervical enlargement

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10
Q

The nerves that supply the lower limbs enter or exit from this area of the spinal cord.

A

lumbar enlargement

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11
Q

Which of the following statements about the spinal cord is NOT correct?

It has two enlargements.

It extends to the level of lumbar vertebra three in an adult.

It gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

It has a central canal that is continuous with the fourth ventricle of the brain.

A

It extends to the level of lumbar vertebra three in an adult.

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12
Q

The inferior end of the spinal cord is anchored to the coccyx by the

A

filum terminale.

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13
Q

The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is organized into three columns. Which of the following is NOT one of the columns?

ventral column
lateral column
inferior column
dorsal column

A

inferior column

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14
Q

The gray matter on either side of the spinal cord is subdivided into anterior, lateral and posterior

A

horns

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15
Q

The lateral horns of the gray matter in the thoracic region of the spinal cord contain the cell bodies of

A

sympathetic motor neurons.

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16
Q

The gray matter on the right and left sides of the spinal cord is connected by the

A

gray commissure.

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17
Q

Which of the following terms is synonymous with columns as in columns of white matter in the spinal cord?

A

funiculi

18
Q

Each column in the white matter of the spinal cord consists of one or more

A

tracts

19
Q

The white matter in each half of the spinal cord is arranged in

A

three columns - ventral, lateral and dorsal.

20
Q

All of the following are true about spinal nerves EXCEPT:

they are all mixed

there are 31 pairs

spinal nerves may contain nerve fibers of both the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.

all motor nerve fibers in spinal nerves extend uninterrupted from the spinal cord to an effector.

A

all motor nerve fibers in spinal nerves extend uninterrupted from the spinal cord to an effector.

21
Q

Ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord occur in the

A

columns.

22
Q

The knee-jerk reflex involves which of the following?

A

sensory and motor neurons

23
Q

The reflex arc contains a:

sensory reception
sensory neuron
motor neuron
All of the above.

A

All of the above.

24
Q

Which of the following combinations indicates the correct distribution of spinal nerve pairs?

7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal

7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 6 sacral - 1 coccygeal

8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 4 sacral - 1 coccygeal

8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal

A

8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal

25
Q

The anterior branch or ramus of a spinal nerve supplies

muscles and skin of the back

muscles and skin on the front and sides of the trunk and limbs

the meninges and blood vessels of the spinal cord

intervertebral ligaments and vertebrae

A

muscles and skin on the front and sides of the trunk and limbs

26
Q

Where are fibers of adjacent spinal nerves sorted and recombined so that fibers specific to a body part reach that body part in the same nerve?

A

plexus

27
Q

The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following?

the diaphragm
intercostal muscles
muscles of the arm and forearm
muscles of the lower limb

A

muscles of the arm and forearm

28
Q

The sciatic nerves arise from which of these plexuses?

A

lumbosacral

29
Q

Which of the following combinations of spinal nerves supply the brachial plexuses?

C1-C4
C1-T1
C5-T1
T12-S5

A

C5-T1

30
Q

Which of the following are NOT peripheral nerves associated with the brachial plexuses?

axillary nerves
femoral nerves
radial nerves
ulnar nerves

A

femoral nerves

31
Q

Which of the following nerves arising from the lumbosacral plexuses are the largest and longest peripheral nerves in the body?

femoral nerves
obturator nerves
pudental nerves
sciatic nerves

A

sciatic nerves

32
Q

Which of the following plexuses is NOT paired with a peripheral nerve originating from it?

brachial - radial nerve
cervical - phrenic nerve
lumbar - femoral nerve
sacral - muscuolcutaneous nerve

A

sacral - muscuolcutaneous nerve

33
Q

The ventral branches or rami of spinal nerves do NOT join to form nerve plexuses in which of the following spinal cord areas?

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Coccygeal

A

thoracic

34
Q

After severely breaking his left humerus in an accident, a man lost sensation on the posterior aspect of the limb and was unable to extend his forearm, wrist, or fingers. What nerve was damaged?

A

radial

35
Q

After severely injuring her hip in an accident, a woman was unable to extend her right leg. What nerve was damaged?

A

femoral

36
Q

The ventral rami of adjacent spinal nerves intermingle with each other to form a

A

plexus

37
Q

Which of the following nerves arises from the brachial plexus and innervates all of the extensor muscles of the upper limb?

axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve

A

radial nerve

38
Q

Compression of what nerve arising from the brachial plexus results in numbness, tingling, and pain in the fingers, a condition called carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

median nerve

39
Q

Which of the following nerves arises from the brachial plexus and innervates all of the extensor muscles of the upper limb?

axillary nerve
musculocutaneous nerve
radial nerve
ulnar nerve

A

radial nerve

40
Q

Nerve fibers in the phrenic nerves that innervate the diaphragm arise primarily from what plexuses?

A

cervical

41
Q

Which pair of spinal nerves does NOT supply any skin area?

C1
C8
T1
S1

A

C1

Anatomy (7 decks)

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