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Anatomy > Brain And Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Brain And Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Which portion of the brainstem is continuous with the spinal cord?

A

medulla oblongata

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2
Q

Which is NOT a part of the brainstem?

medulla oblongata
midbrain
pons
thalamus

A

thalamus

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3
Q

Which of the following brain regions does NOT belong with the others?

medulla oblongata
midbrain
pons
thalamus

A

thalamus

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4
Q

What are the enlargements on the medulla oblongata that are involved in conscious skeletal muscle control?

A

pyramids

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5
Q

Which of the following serves as a motor center that is involved in maintaining muscle tone and coordinating movements?

A

substantia nigra

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6
Q

Because of injuries received in an automobile accident, a young man remains hospitalized in a coma. It is likely the injuries affected his

A

reticular formation.

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7
Q

Another term for “midbrain” is

A

mesencephalon.

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8
Q

The _________ is the most-specific part of the midbrain that is an integral part of the auditory pathway.

A

inferior colliculi

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9
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the three large nerve tracts connecting the cerebellum to the rest of the central nervous system?

superior cerebellar peduncles
middle cerebellar peduncles
inferior cerebellar peduncles
anterior cerebellar peduncles

A

anterior cerebellar peduncles

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10
Q

Cerebral cortex ridges are called

A

folia.

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11
Q

The simplest part of the cerebellum is (are) the

A

arbor vitae.

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12
Q

Which of the following is (are) NOT a major part of the cerebellum?

tegmentum
flocculonodular lobe
vermis
lateral hemispheres

A

tegmentum

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13
Q

Which of the following is the largest feature of the diencephalon?

thalamus
subthalamus
epithalamus
hypothalamus

A

thalamus

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14
Q

The small stalk connecting the two lateral portions of the thalamus is known as the

A

interthalamic adhesion & intermediate mass

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15
Q

Axons carrying auditory information synapse in the

A

medial geniculate nucleus

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16
Q

Axons carrying visual information synapse in the

A

lateral geniculate nucleus

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17
Q

Axons carrying information other than visual or auditory information synapse in the

A

ventral geniculate nucleus

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18
Q

Which of the following is NOT a part of the diencephalons?

hypothalamus
pineal gland
pons
thalamus

A

pons

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19
Q

The stalk that connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary is the

A

infundibulum.

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20
Q

Which lobes of the cerebrum serve as the main center for receiving and processing of sensory information EXCEPT for smell, hearing and vision?

frontal
occipital
parietal
temporal

A

parietal

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21
Q

Which lobes receive and interpret sensory input for smell and / or hearing?

A

frontal and temporal

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22
Q

The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated by the

A

longitudinal fissure.

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23
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?

ethmoid
frontal
occipital
temporal

A

ethmoid

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24
Q

The _______ comprises the bulk of the mature adult brain.

A

cerebrum

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25
Q

The posterior boundary of the frontal lobe is the

A

central sulcus.

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26
Q

What type of nuclei in the cerebrum are involved in control of motor functions?

A

basal nuclei

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27
Q

Which of the following is or are located within the white matter of the cerebrum?

A

basal nuclei

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28
Q

All of the following are part of the limbic system EXCEPT the

amygdala
fornix
habenula
hippocampus

A

habenula

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29
Q

What lobe of the cerebrum is located deep within the lateral sulcus?

30
Q

A ridge or fold on the surface of the cerebrum is called a

31
Q

The tracts of nerves in the cerebrum consist of all of the following EXCEPT

insula fibers.
association fibers.
commissural fibers.
projection fibers.

A

insula fibers.

32
Q

Gyri on the cerebral surface _______ the surface area of the cortex.

A

greatly increase

33
Q

Venous blood flows through the _______, located in some areas of the meninges surrounding the brain.

A

dural venous sinuses

34
Q

Dural sinuses contain

A

venous blood.

35
Q

What is the name for the portion of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the overlying cortex?

A

tentorium cerebelli

36
Q

What is the name for the portion of the dura mater that separates the two cerebellular hemispheres?

A

falx cerebelli

37
Q

The cluster of specialized capillaries at which cerebrospinal fluid is secreted into a ventricle is the

A

choroids plexus.

38
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid circulates around the brain and spinal cord in the

A

subarachnoid space.

39
Q

The fingerlike structure at which the reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid occurs is the

A

arachnoid ganulation.

40
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates from the third ventricle to the fourth through the

A

cerebral aqueduct.

41
Q

From superficial to deep, the three layers of the meninges are

A

dura mater - arachnoid mater - pia mater

42
Q

Which of the following is a space within the brain that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid?

43
Q

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebrospinal fluid?

It forms a protective cushion around the brain and spinal cord.

It helps nourish cells and maintain a stable ion balance in the central nervous system.

It transports oxygen in red blood cells to neurons in the central nervous system.

It transports waste back to the blood.

A

It transports oxygen in red blood cells to neurons in the central nervous system.

44
Q

The ______ ascend(s) to the head along the anterior - lateral part of the neck.

A

internal carotid arteries

45
Q

The ______ ascend(s) to the head along the posterior part of the neck.

A

vertebral arteries

46
Q

The cerebral arterial circle is comprised of the

A

basilar artery & internal carotid artery

47
Q

Lipid-soluble substances move through the blood-brain barrier by

48
Q

Water-soluble substances move through the blood-brain barrier by

A

mediated transport.

49
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the three branches of the cerebral arterial circle?

anterior branch
middle branch
lateral branch
posterior branch

A

lateral branch

50
Q

The central nervous system develops from the embryonic

51
Q

The embryonic forebrain gives rise to the

A

cerebrum and diencephalon

52
Q

The bulk of the adult human brain develops from which of the following secondary vesicles during embryonic development?

A

telencephalon

53
Q

Which of the following adult brain regions does NOT develop from the embryonic hindbrain?

cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons
thalamus

54
Q

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves.

55
Q

Sensory impulses from taste receptors are transmitted to the brain on which of the following cranial nerves?

A

Facial VII, Glossopharyngeal IX and Vagus X

56
Q

The anesthetic a dentist injects before drilling to clean and repair a cavity is done to block sensory impulses from a branch of what cranial nerve?

A

trigeminal

57
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT contain only sensory fibers?

olfactory
optic
trigmeminal
vestibulocochlear

A

trigeminal

58
Q

Each of the following cranial nerves supplies motor impulses to muscles of the eye EXCEPT the

abducens
oculomotor
trigeminal
trochlear

A

trigeminal

59
Q

Autonomic fibers of the _______ nerve carry motor impulses to the heart and many smooth muscles and glands in the viscera of the thorax and abdomen.

60
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves does NOT originate from the brainstem?

abducens
hypoglossal
olfactory
trigeminal

A

trigeminal

61
Q

The nerve fibers carrying sensory information through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone are associated which the _______ nerve.

62
Q

How many of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves enter or exit the central nervous system through the brainstem?

63
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates four of the six muscles that move the eye and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that raises the superior eyelid?

A

oculomotor

64
Q

A drooping upper eyelid is a symptom indicative of possible damage to what cranial nerve?

A

oculomotor

65
Q

Which of the following cranial nerves transmit sensory impulses pertaining to taste to the brainstem?

A

facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus

66
Q

The only cranial nerve involved in sensory cutaneous innervation is the

A

trigeminal

67
Q

Which cranial nerve controls the muscles involved in chewing?

A

trigeminal

68
Q

What cranial nerve causes movements of the tongue involved in speaking, manipulating food and swallowing?

A

hypoglossal

69
Q

What two pairs of cranial nerves do NOT enter or exit the central nervous system through the brainstem?

abducens and optic
olfactory and optic
olfactory and oculomotor
optic and oculomotor

A

olfactory and optic

70
Q

All of the following are categories of cranial nerve function EXCEPT

parasympathetic
sensory
somatic motor
sympathetic

A

sympathetic

71
Q

The jugular foramen provides a route of passage through the cranium for which of the following cranial nerves?

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory

Anatomy (7 decks)

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