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Anatomy And Physiology > Spinal Cord Lab > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal cord is ____

A

the continuation of the brainstem

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2
Q

Gray matter is

A

Synapses
Interneurons
The interior portion of the cord

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3
Q

Gray matter has what 4 parts

A

1) Posterior horn
2) Lateral horn
3) Anterior horn
4) Gray commisure

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4
Q

Range of spinal cord

A

Foramen magnum - L2

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5
Q

5 Segments of the spinal cord

A

1) Cervical
2) Thoracic
3) Lumbar
4) Sacral
5) Coccygeal

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6
Q

Where are the enlarged sections of the spinal cord?

A

1) Cervical enlargement (more gray matter for arm movement)

2) Lumbosacral enlargement (more gray matter for leg movement)

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7
Q

Cone shaped segment? Where is it located?

A

Conus medullaris

@ L1

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8
Q

“Horse tail” after conus medullaris

A

Cauda equina

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9
Q

What is the ligament that anchors the spinal cord vertically?
Location? What is it made of?

A

Filum terminale
Conus medullaris to coccyx
Pia mater

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10
Q

What supports the spinal cord laterally?

A

Denticulate ligament

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11
Q

2 indents of the spinal cord

A

1) Posterior median SULCUS (deeper but narrower)

2) Anterior median FISSURE (notice this isn’t as deep but it is wider)

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12
Q

Order cross sections by largest to smallest diameter

A

1) Cervical
2) Lumbar
3) Thoracic
4) Sacral

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13
Q

Dorsal horn

A

AKA Posterior
Sensory axons
Cell bodies of interneurons
Both SOMATIC and VISCERAL sensory nuclei

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14
Q

Ventral horn

A

AKA Anterior
SOMATIC motor nuclei
Controls Skeletal muscles

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15
Q

Lateral horn

A

AUTONOMIC motor nuclei

Controls CARDIAC and SMOOTH muscles and GLANDS

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16
Q

Gray commissure

A

The gray matter surrounding the CENTRAL CANAL

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17
Q

What is in the Central Canal?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

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18
Q

What are the ascending and descending tracts of white matter called?

A

Funiculi

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19
Q

4 Parts of White matter

A

1) Anterior (ventral) Funiculi
2) Posterior (dorsal) Funiculi
3) Lateral Funiculi
4) Anterior white commissure

20
Q

Where is the anterior white commissure located?

A

Between Anterior median fissure and the Gray commissure

21
Q

What is between bone and dura mater? What is located there?

A

EPIDURAL SPACE
Blood vessels
Areolar CT
Adipose CT

22
Q

3 Types of Spinal Meninges (outermost to deepest)

A

1) Dura mater
2) Arachnoid mater
3) Pia mater

23
Q

Where is a local anesthetic administered?

A

Epidural Space

24
Q

What is Dura mater made of?

A

DENSE Collegen Fibers

25
Q

Where is general anesthetic administered?

A

In the CSF of the SUBARACHNOID SPACE because the CSF continues throughout the body

26
Q

What 2 aspects of the spinal cord are made of Pia mater?

A

1) Denticulate ligament

2) Filum terminale

27
Q

Which spinal meninges have blood vessels in them?

A

Pia mater

Dura mater

28
Q

3 coverings of the Spinal Nerves (outermost to deepest)

A

1) Epineurium (loose areolar CT)
2) Perineurium (dense irregular CT)
3) Endoneurium (dense regular CT?)

29
Q

How many Spinal Nerves

A

31 PAIRS of MIXED nerves

30
Q

How many Cervical Nerves? Vertebrae #?

A

8

C1-C8

31
Q

How many Thoracic Nerves? Vertebrae #?

A

12

T1-T12

32
Q

How many Lumbar Nerves? Vertebrae #?

A

5

L1-L5

33
Q

How many Sacral Nerves? Vertebrae #?

A

5

S1-S5

34
Q

How many Coccygeal Nerves? Vertebrae #?

A

1

Co1

35
Q

6 Parts of a Spinal Nerve

A

1) Dorsal root
2) Dorsal root ganglion
3) Ventral root
4) Dorsal Ramus
5) Ventral Ramus
6) Rami Communicantes

36
Q

Dorsal Root

A

Back portion
Has Dorsal root ganglion on it
SENSORY / Afferent

37
Q

Dorsal Root Ganglion

A

Cell bodies of UNIPOLAR SENSORY neurons

38
Q

Ventral Root

A

Front portion

MULTIPOLAR MOTOR / Efferent neurons

39
Q

Dorsal Ramus

A

Posterior branch of nerve

Small and points back

40
Q

Ventral Ramus

A

Anterior branch of nerve

Bigger part of nerve and looks more lateral

41
Q

Rami Communicantes

A

Branch off rami for innervation of AUTONOMIC effectors

42
Q

Example of Cervical Plexus
Location
Function

A

Phrenic nerve
C3-C5
Innervates diaphragm

43
Q

Example of Brachial Plexus
Location
Function

A

Ulnar nerve (funny bone)
C5 - T1
Innervates outside of lower arm

44
Q

Example of Lumbar Plexus
Location
Function

A

L1-L4

Innervates skin and muscle of abdominopelvic region

45
Q

Example of Sacral Plexus
Location
Function

A

Sciatic nerve
L4-L5, S1-4
Longest in body
Butt, perineum, back of thigh, leg and foot

46
Q

Dermatome

A

Region of SKIN innervated by a single spinal nerve

Anatomy And Physiology (9 decks)

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