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Neuro 1 > Spinal Cord > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Flashcards

1
Q

Spinal cord stability

A

Denticulate ligaments and filum terminale which arises from tip of conus

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2
Q

Spinal nerve pattern

A

C1-C7 exit above

C8 and rest are below

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3
Q

Enlargements of spinal cord and significance

A

Cervical (C4-T1) - brachial plexuses

Lumbar (L2-S3) - lumbosacral

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4
Q

Cauda equina syndrome

A

Impaired function of multiple nerve roots below L1 or L2…in addition, may affect bladder and bowel

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5
Q

Blood supply of spinal cord

A

Anterior 2/3 - anterior spinal artery
Posterior 1/3 - posterior spinal artery

Segmental arteries supplement the longitudinal

Great radicular artery is around T10-T12 and supplies lower thoracic and lumbosacral regiions of spinal cord

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6
Q

Difference between radiculopathy, CNS injury, and single nerve

A

CNS - will affect everything below the lesion
Radiculopathy - entire dermatome
PNS - single nerve

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7
Q

White vs. Gray matter in spinal cord

A

White - myelinated nerve fibers

Gray - neruonal cell bodies and glial cell bodies

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8
Q

Dorsal horn

A

Recieve synaptic input from affarent fibers and may ascend many levels

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9
Q

Lateral horn

A

Preganglionic sympathetic nerves of the intermediolateral cell column (IML)

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10
Q

Ventral horn

A

Somatomotor neurons

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11
Q

Substantia gelatinosa

A

Every level

At posterior horn and site of nociceptive termination

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12
Q

Nucleus proprius

A

In posterior horn
Every level
General sensory fiber termination and interneurons

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13
Q

Medial nucleus of ventral horn

A

Somatomotor neurons for axial skeletal muscles

All levels

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14
Q

Dorsal nucleus of clarke

A

C8-L2

Proprioception (noncon) to the cerebellum

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15
Q

Intermediolateral cell column

A

T1-L2

First neurons for sympathetic nervous system

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16
Q

Lateral nucleus of ventral horn

A

C5-T1 (upper)
L1-S3 (lower)

Innervation of skeletal limb muscles

17
Q

Spinal border neuorons

A

T12-S2

Prorpioception to the cerebellum

18
Q

Sacral parasympathetic nucleus

A

Neurons for caudal portion of PS fibers

S2-S4

19
Q

Lamina 7
8
9
10

A

7 - contains dorsal nucleus of clarke and IML cell column

8 - mostly interneurons that receive input from primary motor cortex

9 - somatomotor of the anterior horn

10 - encircles central canal and gets visceral affarent fibers

20
Q

Lamina 1 and 2

A

1 - gray matter cap of posterior horn…receive nociceptive and thermal from primary afferents…contributesd to spinothalamic tract

2 - corresponds to substantia geltinosa…mostly interneurons…involved with local spinal cord circuits

21
Q

Lamina 3,4,5

A

3 - together with 4 creates nuecleus proprius involved in local cord circuits
4 - more of the same

5- multimodal neurons that get direct inputs from adelta fibers and dendrites extend into lamina 3 and 4 so also pain

Also contributes to spinothalamic tract

22
Q

Interneuons and pain

A

Interneurons in the dorsal horn (lamina 1) contain enkephalins that inhibit neurons that are transmitting via spinothalamic pathway

Activated by Large diameter Abeta fibers OR descending reticular fibers from periaqueductal grey and Raphe nuceli of brainstem

23
Q

Local reflex circuit

A

Sensory terminate at same level that it entered and directly synapse with the motor neuron

24
Q

Myotatic reflex

A

1a fibers from spindle synapse directly with motor neurons on the ventral horn to elicit contraction…also synapse with interneurons in nucleus proprius to inhibit antagonistic muscles

25
Q

Withdrawl reflex (ibsilateral)

A

Ipsilateral flexors contract and antagonistic relax

Sent through type C fibers to lamina 1,2, and 5

26
Q

Crossed extensor reflex

A

Affarents cross the anterior white commissure to activate excitatory and inhibitory on the contralateral side

27
Q

Dorsolateral fasciculus

A

Myelinated nad unmyelinnated primary affarent fibers ONLY for pain

28
Q

Fasciulus proprius

A

Comprised of interneuron fibers that can ascend or descend…not limited to pain

29
Q

Central overlap and pain

A

Can ascend one or two levels so pain cna be felt even if one level is lost

Lower motor neurons do NOT overlap

Neuro 1 (22 decks)

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