Spinal Cord Flashcards
Where do the dorsal rootlets enter to form dorsal root?
Posterolateral sulcus
Where do the ventral rootlets leave to form ventral root?
Anterolateral sulcus
Dorsal horn contains
Endings of sensory neurons
Interneurons
Cell bodies of tract cells
Lateral horn contains
Cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons
Ventral horn contains
Cell bodies of lower motor neurons
Where is the lateral horn ONLY located?
T1-L2 Spinal segments
What type of tract(s) travel through dorsal column?
Sensory
What type of tract(s) travel through lateral column?
Sensory and Motor
What type of tract(s) travel through anterior column?
Motor
As we travel up the SC, why is there more white matter in the cervical segments than in lumbar?
There’s more sensory neurons
Myotome
group of muscles innervated by a single nerve
Dermatome
dermis innervated by a single spinal nerve
What symptoms arise from a lesion in a spinal nerve?
Myotome/Dermatome symtpoms
What happens when there is a lesion of sensory or motor fibers in the periphery?
Peripheral nerve distribution
Signs + Symptoms of Peripheral Nerve Distribution
Paresis or paralysis
Sensory loss
Abnormal sensations
Muscle atrophy
Reduced/absent deep tendon reflex
UMN travel through where?
First Pathway (CNS)
Neurons with axons that descend from cerebral cortex or brainstem
They end on LMN
LMN travel through where?
Secondary Pathway (CNS to PNS)
Cell body in brain stem (cranial nerves) or ventral horn of SC (alpha motor neuron)
Axons leave CNS and synapses in periphery (muscle)
Clinical sings of UMN lesion
Paresis
Spasticity
Hypertonia
Hyperreflexia
Diseases from UMN lesion
Stroke
SCI
Parkinson’s
TBI
MS
Clinical signs of LMN lesion
Reduced/Absent reflexes
Muscle atrophy
Paresis or Paralysis
Fibrillations/Fasciculations
Diseases from LMN lesion
Polio
Peripheral Nerve Injury
Guillain Barre Syndrome
What disease has both UMN and LMN lesions?
ALS
Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae II
Substantia Gelatinosa
Processes pain information
Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae III, IV
Nucleus Proprius
Processes conscious proprioception and discriminative touch
Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae VII
Nucleus Dorsalis
Relays unconscious proprioceptive info from SC to cerebellum
What are reflexes?
Involuntary, stereotyped response to a sensory input
What are the inputs/outputs of reflexes?
Sensory input
Motor output
