Spinal Cord

Question 1

Where do the dorsal rootlets enter to form dorsal root?

Answer 1

Posterolateral sulcus

Question 2

Where do the ventral rootlets leave to form ventral root?

Answer 2

Anterolateral sulcus

Question 3

Dorsal horn contains

Answer 3

Endings of sensory neurons
Interneurons
Cell bodies of tract cells

Question 4

Lateral horn contains

Answer 4

Cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons

Question 5

Ventral horn contains

Answer 5

Cell bodies of lower motor neurons

Question 6

Where is the lateral horn ONLY located?

Answer 6

T1-L2 Spinal segments

Question 7

What type of tract(s) travel through dorsal column?

Answer 7

Sensory

Question 8

What type of tract(s) travel through lateral column?

Answer 8

Sensory and Motor

Question 9

What type of tract(s) travel through anterior column?

Answer 9

Motor

Question 10

As we travel up the SC, why is there more white matter in the cervical segments than in lumbar?

Answer 10

There’s more sensory neurons

Question 11

Myotome

Answer 11

group of muscles innervated by a single nerve

Question 12

Dermatome

Answer 12

dermis innervated by a single spinal nerve

Question 13

What symptoms arise from a lesion in a spinal nerve?

Answer 13

Myotome/Dermatome symtpoms

Question 14

What happens when there is a lesion of sensory or motor fibers in the periphery?

Answer 14

Peripheral nerve distribution

Question 15

Signs + Symptoms of Peripheral Nerve Distribution

Answer 15

Paresis or paralysis
Sensory loss
Abnormal sensations
Muscle atrophy
Reduced/absent deep tendon reflex

Question 16

UMN travel through where?

Answer 16

First Pathway (CNS)
Neurons with axons that descend from cerebral cortex or brainstem
They end on LMN

Question 17

LMN travel through where?

Answer 17

Secondary Pathway (CNS to PNS)
Cell body in brain stem (cranial nerves) or ventral horn of SC (alpha motor neuron)
Axons leave CNS and synapses in periphery (muscle)

Question 18

Clinical sings of UMN lesion

Answer 18

Paresis
Spasticity
Hypertonia
Hyperreflexia

Question 19

Diseases from UMN lesion

Answer 19

Stroke
SCI
Parkinson’s
TBI
MS

Question 20

Clinical signs of LMN lesion

Answer 20

Reduced/Absent reflexes
Muscle atrophy
Paresis or Paralysis
Fibrillations/Fasciculations

Question 21

Diseases from LMN lesion

Answer 21

Polio
Peripheral Nerve Injury
Guillain Barre Syndrome

Question 22

What disease has both UMN and LMN lesions?

Answer 22

ALS

Question 23

Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae II

Answer 23

Substantia Gelatinosa
Processes pain information

Question 24

Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae III, IV

Answer 24

Nucleus Proprius
Processes conscious proprioception and discriminative touch

Question 25

Gray Matter: Name region and function of laminae VII

Answer 25

Nucleus Dorsalis
Relays unconscious proprioceptive info from SC to cerebellum

Question 26

What are reflexes?

Answer 26

Involuntary, stereotyped response to a sensory input

Question 27

What are the inputs/outputs of reflexes?

Answer 27

Sensory input
Motor output