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Neuro > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What are nociceptors?

A

Sensory receptors at free endings of A delta and C fibers

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2
Q

What kind of noxious stimuli do nociceptors detect? Where is it sent to?

A

Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical
to the CNS

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3
Q

Where are nociceptors?

A

Skin, viscera, muscles, joints

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4
Q

Describe pain transmission of A delta, Gr. III?
Pain
Noxious Stimuli
Threshold
Fast or Slow
Localized or Broad

A

SHARP pain
Noxious stimuli: mechanical, thermal
Low Threshold
FAST
Localized

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5
Q

Describe pain transmission of C fibers, Gr. IV?
Pain
Noxious Stimuli
Fast or Slow
Localized or Broad

A

DULL
Noxious stimuli: mechanical, thermal, chemical
High Threshold
SLOW
Broad

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6
Q

Why do we feel the initial pain from (ex. pinching)?

A

A delta fibers transmits info to brain

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7
Q

Why do we feel the lingering pain from (ex. pinching)?

A

C-fibers continue to transmit info to brain

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8
Q

Which fibers are processed in the lateral pain system?

A

A delta, Gr. III

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9
Q

Which fibers are processed in the medial pain system?

A

C-fibers

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10
Q

What is sensitization?

A

Increased responsiveness OR decreased threshold of nociceptive neurons

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11
Q

What is peripheral sensitization?

A

dysfunction in PNS

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12
Q

What is central sensitization?

A

dysfunction in SC or brain

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13
Q

What fibers are involved in peripheral sensitization?

A

A delta, C-fibers

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14
Q

Which neurons are involved in central sensitization?

A

2nd or 3rd Order Neurons

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15
Q

What are the three dorsal horn neurons?

A

Projection (Excitatory)
Interneurons (Inhibitory)
Wide Dynamic (Exc and Inhib)

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16
Q

What are interneurons packed with that we lose during chronic disorders?

A

Opioids

17
Q

What is lateral spinothalamic tract for?

A

Sensory + Discriminative Touch (pain)

18
Q

What is anterior spinothalamic tract for?

A

Motivational-Affective Pain

19
Q

Which tract is for lateral pain system?

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract

20
Q

Which tract is for medial pain system?

A

Anterior spinothalamic tract

21
Q

What is the spinolimbic tract for?

A

Emotion, cognitive (visceral pain)

22
Q

What is the pain matrix?

A

Brain regions that process and regulate pain info

23
Q

Location of pain regulation: sensory-discrimination

A

Thalamus
Somatosensory Cortex (S1+S2)

24
Q

Location of pain regulation: Motivational-Affective pain

A

Cerebral (Insula, Cingulate, Prefrontal Cortex)
Amygdala + Hypothalamus
Thalamus (Intralaminar nuclei)

25
Q

Location of pain regulation: cognitive

A

Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC)

26
Q

Location of pain regulation: descending control

A

Midbrain + Brainstem

27
Q

What is the main descending pain pathway?

A

PAG-RVM

28
Q

What are descending pathways full of?

A

Opioids

29
Q

What is the Gate Control Theory?

A

Opens or closes by modulating activity of DH neurons

30
Q

Factors of Gate Control Theory?

A

Amount of activity in nociceptive fibers
Amount of activity in other peripheral fibers
Signals from descending pain pathways

31
Q

What happens when the gate opens? (GCT)

A

Inc nociceptive activity
Dec descending inhibitory pathways

32
Q

What happens when the gate closes? (GCT)

A

Inc activity of large diameter afferents
Inc descending inhibitory pathways

Neuro (19 decks)

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