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Quarter 2 > Spinal Bio I Muscle Test > Flashcards

Spinal Bio I Muscle Test Flashcards

1
Q

40% of body weight

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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2
Q

Controlled Consciously

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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3
Q

Act through contraction only- pull attachments closer together

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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4
Q

Work in antagonistic pairs

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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5
Q

Pull the same joint in opposite directions

A

Antagonistic Pairs of Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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6
Q

Actually working together

A

Antagonistic pairs Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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7
Q

Called Synergy

A

Antagonistic Pairs

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8
Q

Attach to skeleton by Tendons

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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9
Q

Attach muscle to skeleton by collagen bands or cords

A

Tendon

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10
Q

Attach to skeleton by Aponeuroses

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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11
Q

Broad, Flattened Tendon

A

Aponeuroses

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12
Q

Several muscles attach to its margins

A

Aponeuroses

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13
Q

Thin connective tissue skin

A

Fascia

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14
Q

Wide variation in size and shape

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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15
Q

Have Blood and Nerve Supply

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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16
Q

Dilate during exercise

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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17
Q

Increased blood flow and supply during activity

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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18
Q

Called Pumping up

A

Extensive Capillary Bed

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19
Q

Myoglobin stores O2 in muscle tissues

A

Skeletal/Voluntary/Striated/Somatic Muscles

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20
Q

Common foramen for nerves and blood vessels

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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21
Q

Located in the middle or at the ends of a muscle

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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22
Q

Arteries and Veins enter together

A

Neurovascular Hilus

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23
Q

What enters and exits thru the Neurovascular Hilus?

A

Nerves

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24
Q

May supply one muscle fiber or several

A

Motor Neurons

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25
Q

Fewer fibers/neuron= more precise control

A

Motor Nerves

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26
Q

More fibers/ Neurons= less precise control

A

Motor Nerves

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27
Q

Neuromuscular Spindles AKA

A

Contraction

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28
Q

Neuromuscular Spindles

A

Sensory Nerves

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29
Q

Tendon end organs

A

Sensory nerves

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30
Q

Stretch Receptors AKA

A

Tendon End Organs

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31
Q

Send Information back to the CNS

A

Sensory Nerves

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32
Q

Information back to the CNS AKA

A

Proprioception

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33
Q

6 Components of Muscle Names

A
  1. Attachment
  2. Shape/ Size
  3. Position
  4. Construction
  5. Action
  6. Combination
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34
Q

Iliocostalis describes

A

Attachment

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35
Q

Rhomboideus Major/Minor describes

A

Shape/Size

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36
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior describes

A

Position

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37
Q

Multifidi Describes

A

Constriction

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38
Q

Levator Scapulae Describes

A

Action

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39
Q

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major Describes

A

Combination

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40
Q

3 Components of Muscle Descriptions

A
  1. Origin
  2. Insertion
  3. Action
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41
Q

Stabilized attachment (s)

A

Origin

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42
Q

Usually Proximal or Inferior

A

Origin

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43
Q

Usually bony, may be ligamentous

A

Origin

Insertion

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44
Q

Moving Attachment (s)

A

Insertion

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45
Q

Must span one or may span more than one joint

A

Insertion

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46
Q

Usually Distal or Superior

A

Insertion

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47
Q

Motion caused by muscle contraction is…

A

Action

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48
Q

General: Pull insertion toward origin

A

Action

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49
Q

4 Subcategories of Action

A
  1. Unilateral
  2. Bilateral
  3. Reverse Origin/ Insertion (OI)
  4. Isometric
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50
Q

Bilateral Trunk Muscles (action)

A

Unilateral

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51
Q

One side only contracts (action)

A

Unilateral

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52
Q

Opposite muscle relaxes (synergy of antagonists) (action)

A

Unilateral

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53
Q

Both sides contract simultaneously (action)

A

Bilateral

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54
Q

Only significant if different than the unilateral action (action)

A

Bilateral

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55
Q

Origin/ Insertion = most common/ conventional usage (action)

A

Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)

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56
Q

Both Attachments may be mobile (action)

A

Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)

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57
Q

(O I) Explain/Define

A

Origin considered as insertion

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58
Q

Only significant if this produces relevant actions (action)

A

Reverse Origin/ Insertion (O I)

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59
Q

Muscle contraction w/o net motion (action)

A

Isometric

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60
Q

Always Bilateral action (action)

A

Isometric

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61
Q

Usually postural and/or balance (action)

A

Isometric

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62
Q

May be the most important muscle action (for many spinal muscles)

A

Isometric

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63
Q

How are Spinal Muscles organized?

A

Into 5 Layers

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64
Q

Layer I includes (basic)

A

2 arm muscles

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65
Q

Layer II includes (basic)

A

3 shoulder muscles

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66
Q

Layer III includes (basic)

A

2 Respiration muscles

2 Head/ Neck muscles

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67
Q

Layer VI includes (basic)

A

1 Extensive Postural Muscle

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68
Q

Layer V includes (Basic)

A

4 Sub Groups

  1. Transversospinal Muscles (5)
  2. Sub-Occipital muscles (4)
  3. Anterior/ Pre-Vertebral Muscles (7)
  4. Lateral Muscles (3)
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69
Q

What are the 4 Sub Groups of Layer V?

A
  1. Transversospinal Muscles (5)
  2. Sub-Occipital muscles (4)
  3. Anterior/ Pre-Vertebral Muscles (7)
  4. Lateral Muscles (3)
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70
Q

2 Muscles of Layer I

A
  1. Trapezius

2. Latissimus Dorsi

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71
Q

AKA Trapezium

A

Trapezius

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72
Q

Shield Shaped Muscle

A

Trapezius

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73
Q

Triangular Membranous Muscle

A

Trapezius

Latissimus Dorsi

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74
Q

Covers Upper Trunk and Neck

A

Trapezius

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75
Q

Central Aponeurosis (Upper Thoracic)

A

Trapezius

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76
Q

These are…..

  1. EOP to the medial superior nuchal line
  2. Nuchal ligament down to C7
  3. SP and Supraspinous Ligament C7-T12
  4. Midline from EOP to T12
A

Origins of Trapezius

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77
Q

4 Origins of Trapezius

A
  1. EOP to the medial superior nuchal line
  2. Nuchal ligament down to C7
  3. SP and Supraspinous Ligament C7-T12
  4. Midline from EOP to T12
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78
Q

Inserts on the Lateral Portion of the Clavicle, Acromion and Superior/Inferior borders of the Scapula

A

Trapezius

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79
Q

Trapezius Insertion can be divided into how many sections? What are they?

A
  1. Superior
  2. Middle
  3. Inferior
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80
Q

Braces the shoulder during arm motions?

A

Action of Trapezius

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81
Q

Insertion of Trap. Elevates Scapula?

A

Superior

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82
Q

Insertion of Trap. Retracts Scapula?

A

Middle

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83
Q

Insertion of Trap. Depresses Scapula?

A

Inferior

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84
Q

O I: Unilateral- Lateral Flexion/ Contralateral Rotation (action)

A

Trapezius Action

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85
Q

O I: Bilateral- Extension of head and neck (action)

A

Trapezius Action

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86
Q

Innervated by Accessory Nerve (CN XI) (C3,4 n)

A

Trapezius

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87
Q

Most Lateral Muscle of the Back

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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88
Q

Covers Lower Trunk

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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89
Q

Forms the Posterior Margin of the Axilla

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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90
Q

Origin: deep to Trap. from T7/6- T12

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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91
Q

SP/ Supraspinous Ligament T5/6 - T12

A

Latissimus Dorsi origin

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92
Q

Ribs 9-12

A

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

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93
Q

Thoracolumbar Fascia

A

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

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94
Q

Broad, Flat Diamond- Shaped Tendon

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

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95
Q

Attaches to PSIS’s and Iliac Crests

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

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96
Q

Attaches to the Median and Intermediate Sacral Crests

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

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97
Q

Attaches to Lumbar SP’s and MP’s

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

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98
Q

Attaches muscles of Several Layers

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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99
Q

Insertion is Proximal, Medial Humerus

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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100
Q

Adduction/ Extension/ Internal Rotation of the arm

A

Latissimus Dorsi Action

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101
Q

Innervated by Throacodorsal Nerves (C6-8)

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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102
Q

Triangular area of the Dorsal Thorax

A

Triangle of Auscultation

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103
Q

Not covered by Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, or Scapula

A

Triangle of Auscultation

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104
Q

Forms a Sound Window (distinct lung sounds)

A

Triangle of Auscultation

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105
Q

Boundaries of Triangle of Auscultation

A

Lateral Border= medial edge of scapula
Medial Border= lateral edge of trapezius
Inferior Border= superior edge of Lat. Dorsi
Floor= Rhomboideus muscles of Layer II

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106
Q

Lateral Border= medial edge of scapula
Medial Border= lateral edge of trapezius
Inferior Border= superior edge of Lat. Dorsi
Floor= Rhomboideus muscles of Layer II

Are Boundaries for what?

A

Triangle of Auscultation

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107
Q

3 Muscles of Layer II

A
  1. Levator Scapulae
  2. Rhomboideus Major
  3. Rhomboideus Minor
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108
Q

Deep Posterior Axioappendicular/ Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles…

A

Layer II

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109
Q

Elevates Shoulder Blade

A

Levator Scapulae

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110
Q

Band like muscle of the lateral neck

A

Levator Scapulae

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111
Q

Palpates directly under the Trapezius

A

Levator Scapulae

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112
Q

Originates form 4 separate tendons

A

Levator Scapulae

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113
Q

Fuses into 1 solid muscle belly

A

Levator Scapulae

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114
Q

C1-C4 Posterior TP

A

Levator Scapulae Origin

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115
Q

Superomedial corner of the scapula

A

Levator Scapulae Insertion

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116
Q

Assists the Trapezius in Elevating the Scapula

A

Levator Scapulae

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117
Q

O I: Unilateral- Lateral Flexion/ Ipsilateral Rotation

A

Levator Scapulae

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118
Q

O I: Bilateral- Extension of the Cervical Spine

A

Levator Scapulae

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119
Q

Innervated by Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5) and Cervical Nerve (C3,4)

A

Levator Scapulae

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120
Q

Innervation of Levator Scapulae

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve- C5

Cervical Nerve- C3,4

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121
Q

Innervation of Latissimus Dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve- C6-8

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122
Q

Innervation of Trapezius

A

Accessory Nerve- CN XI, {C3,4 nerve?}

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123
Q

Chiropractic Significance: Muscle Palpation/ Analysis

A 
Levator Scapulae
Splenius Capitus
Splenius Cervicus
Intermediate Column- Longissimus 
Multifidi
Intertransversarii 
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major and Minor
Superior Oblique
Psoas Major
Scalenus Medius
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124
Q

Small Rhomboid (4 equal sides)

A

Rhomboideus Minor

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125
Q

Thin Membranous Muscle

A

Rhomboideus Major and Minor

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126
Q

Deep to the Trapezius

A

Rhomboideus Major and Minor

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127
Q

Attached to the Deep Thoracic Aponeurosis

A

Rhomboideus Minor

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128
Q

Parallel, Inferolateral Muscle Fibers

A

Rhomboideus Major and Minor

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129
Q

C7- T1 SP/ Supraspinous Ligament

A

Rhomboideus Minor Origin

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130
Q

Superior 1/3 of Medial Scapula

A

Rhomboideus Minor Insertion

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131
Q

Assist the Rhomboideus Major

A

Rhomboideus Minor Action

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132
Q

Innervation Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)

A

Rhomboideus Major and Minor

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133
Q

Innervation of Rhomboideus Minor

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)

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134
Q

Larger Rhomboid Shaped muscle

A

Rhomboideus Major

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135
Q

Arises from the Deep Thoracic Aponeurosis

A

Rhomboideus Major

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136
Q

2 Muscles Separated only by Fascia

A

Rhomboideus Major and Minor

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137
Q

T2- T5 SP/ Supraspinous Ligament

A

Rhomboideus Major Origin

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138
Q

Inferior 2/3 of the Medial Scapula

A

Rhomboideus Major Insertion

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139
Q

Retraction, Rotation of the Scapula

A

Rhomboideus Major Action

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140
Q

Innervation of the Rhomboideus Major

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4,5)

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141
Q

4 Muscles of Layer 3

A
  1. Serratus Posterior Superior
  2. Serratus Posterior Inferior
  3. Splenius Capitus
  4. Splenius Cervicus
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142
Q

Shape (serrated Lateral edge)/ Postion

A

Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior

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143
Q

Deep to the Rhomboids

A

Serratus Posterior Superior

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144
Q

Flat Fasciculated Muscle

A

Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior

Splenius Cervicus

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145
Q

4 Parallel Inferolateral Fasciculi

A

Serratus Posterior Superior

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146
Q

A true muscle of the Thoracic Wall

A

Serratus Posterior Superior and Inferior

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147
Q

Lower Nuchal Ligament & C7- T3 SP

A

Serratus Posterior Superior Origin

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148
Q

Posterolateral Margins of R2-R4/5

UO->UI, LO->LI

A

Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion

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149
Q

Elevate Ribcages during deep respiration and Proprioception of Thoracic Wall

A

Serratus Posterior Superior

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150
Q

Innervated by 2-5 Intercostal Nerves

A

Serratus Posterior Superior

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151
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation

A

2-5 Intercostal Nerves

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152
Q

Deep to the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior

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153
Q

4 Parallel, Superolateral Fasciculi

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior

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154
Q

T11- L2 SP’s

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin

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155
Q

Posterolateral margins of R8/9- R12

UO->UI, LO->LI

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion

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156
Q

Pull ribcage down during deep expiration and Proprioception of Thoracic Wall

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior Aciton

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157
Q

Innervated by Anterior Rami of T9-T12 Spinal Nerves

A

Serratus Posterior Inferior

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158
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation

A

Anterior Rami of T9-T12 Spinal Nerves

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159
Q

2 Intrinsic Back muscles

A
  1. Splenius Capitus

2. Splenius Cervicus

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160
Q

Shape (splenius=bandage)/ attachemnt

A

Splenius Capitus & Cervicus

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161
Q

Thin Flat Superolateral Band

A

Splenius Capitus

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162
Q

Deep to the Serratus Posterior Superior and Trapezius muscles

A

Splenius Capitus

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163
Q

Lower Origins underlay the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Splenius Capitus

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164
Q

Origins are deep to the Levator Scapulae

A

Splenius Capitus

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165
Q

Insertions are superficial to the levator origins

A

Splenius Capitus

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166
Q

Insertions are just lateral to the Trapezius origins

A

Splenius Capitus

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167
Q

Lower Nuchal Ligament & C7-T4 SP’s

A

Splenius Capitus Origin

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168
Q

Lateral Superior Nuchal Line to the Mastoid Process

A

Splenius Capitus Insertion

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169
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion/ Rotation
Bilateral: Extension of the Head

A

Splenius Capitus Action

170
Q

Innervation of the Splenius Capitus

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal n

171
Q

Innervated by Posterior Rami of Spinal n

A 
Splenius Capitus
Splenius Cervicus
Spinalis/ Medial Column
Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae
Longissimus/ Intermediate Column
Intertransversarii
172
Q

Deep to Splenius Capitus

A

Splenius Cervicus

173
Q

T3-T6 SP

A

Splenius Cervicus Origin

174
Q

C1-C4 Posterior TP

A

Splenius Cervicus Insertion

175
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion/ Rotation
Bilateral: Extension of the Neck

A

Splenius Cervicus Actions

176
Q

Splenius Cervicus Innervation

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerve

177
Q

1 Extensive Postural Muscle

A

Layer IV

178
Q

Breakdown of Layer IV

A

A: Lateral Column= Iliocostalis

  1. Lumborum
  2. Thoracis
  3. Cervicis/Colli

B: Intermediate Column= Longissimus

  1. Lumborum
  2. Thoracis
  3. Cervicis/ Colli
  4. Capitis

C: Medial Column/ Spinalis

  1. Thoracis
  2. Cervicis/ Colli
  3. Capitis
179
Q

Erector Spinae AKA

A

Sacrospinalis

180
Q

Main spinal erector (action)/ sacrum- spine attachments

A

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae

181
Q

1 Extensive Multi-Fasciculated Muscle

A

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae

182
Q

Covers Entire Posterior Trunk

A

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae

183
Q

Divided into 3 Vertical Columns

A

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae

184
Q

Each column divided into 3 (4?) segmental “relays”

A

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae

185
Q

Lateral Column of Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae AKA

A

Iliocostalis

186
Q

Most lateral Fibers (position)/ ilia to the ribs (attachments)

A

Iliocostalis

187
Q

How many relays does the Iliocostalis have?

A

3

188
Q

What are the relays of the Iliocostalis?

A
  1. Lumborum
  2. Thoracis
  3. Cervicis/ Colli
189
Q

Lateral Lumbar Aponeurosis

A

Lumborum Relay Origin of Iliocostalis

190
Q

Rib Angles of R7-R12

A

Lumborum Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis

Thoracis Relay Origin of Iliocostalis

191
Q

Unilateral: Strong Lateral Flexion (Regionally)
Bilateral: Extension (Regionally)
Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance

A

Lumborum Relay Actions of Iliocostalis
Thoracis Relay Action of Iliocostalis
Cervicis/ Colli Relay Action of Iliocostalis

192
Q

Rib Angles of R1-R6

A

Thoracis Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis

193
Q

Rib Angles R3-R6

A

Cervicis/ Colli Relay Origin of Iliocostalis

194
Q

C4-C6 Posterior TP

A

Cervicis/ Colli Relay Insertion of Iliocostalis

195
Q

Trapezius is in what muscle group?

A

Layer I

196
Q

Latissimus Dorsi is in what muscle group?

A

Layer I

197
Q

Levator Scapulae is in what muscle group?

A

Layer II

198
Q

Rhomboideus Minor is in what muscle group?

A

Layer II

199
Q

Rhomboideus Major is in what muscle group?

A

Layer II

200
Q

Intermediate fibers (position)/ longest column (size)

A

Intermediate Column/ Longissimus

200
Q

Has 4 relays

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

200
Q

Lumborum Relay is indistinguishable from the Iliocostalis Lumborum Relay

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

200
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior is in what muscle group?

A

Layer III

201
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior is in what muscle group?

A

Layer III

201
Q

L1-L5 TP/ Accessory Processes (AP)

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Thoracis Relay ORIGIN

201
Q

Intermediate Column/ Longissimus is in what group?

A

Layer IV

201
Q

T1-T12 TP, R3-R12 medially

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Thoracis Relay INSERTION

201
Q

Unilateral: Weak Lateral Flexion (regionally)
Bilateral: Extension (regionally)
Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column
Thoracis Relay ACTION
Cervicis Relay ACTION

202
Q

Splenius Capitus is in what muscle group?

A

Layer III

202
Q

T1-T5 TP’s

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Cervicis/ Colli Relay ORIGIN

202
Q

C2-C6 Posterior TP

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Cervicis/ Colli Relay INSERTION

202
Q

C4-C7 TP

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Capitis Relay ORIGIN

202
Q

Posterior Mastoid Process

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Capitis Relay INSERTION

203
Q

Splenius Cervicus is in what muscle group?

A

Layer III

203
Q

Unilateral: Weak Lateral Flexion (regionally) + Ipsilateral Rotation (regionally)
Bilateral: Extension (regionally)
Isometric: Help Maintain Erect Posture and Balance

A

Longissimus/ Intermediate Column

Capitis Relay ACTION

203
Q

Most medial fibers (Position)/ SP (attachments)

A

Medial Column/ Spinalis

203
Q

Have 3 Relays?

A

Spinalis
Iliocostalis
Semi-Spinalis

203
Q

4 Relays of the Longissimus?

A
  1. Lumborum
  2. Thoracis
  3. Cervicis/ Colli
  4. Capitis
204
Q
  1. Thoracis
  2. Cervicis
  3. Capitis
A

3 Relays of Spinalis/ Medial Column

204
Q

T11-L2 SP

A

Spinalis Thoracis Origin

204
Q

T4-T8 SP

A

Spinalis Thoracis Insertion

204
Q

Bilateral: Extension (regionally)
Isometric: Help maintain erect posture and balance

A

Spinalis Thoracis Action

Cervicis/ Colli Action

204
Q

Sacrospinalis/ Erector Spinae is in what muscle group?

A

Layer IV

205
Q

Iliocostalis/ Lateral Column is in what muscle group?

A

Layer IV

205
Q

C7-T2 SP

A

Spinalis Cervicis/ Colli Origin

205
Q

C2-C4 SP

A

Spinalis Cervicis/ Colli Insertion

205
Q

Semi-Spinalis capitis sits below=

A

Spinalis Capitis Relay

205
Q

Innervation of Spinalis?

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerve

206
Q

TP-> SP
TP-> TP
SP-> SP
(Attachments)

A

Transversopinal Muscles

207
Q

SP’s (attachment)

A

Semi-Spinalis Muscle Name

208
Q

Superficial Layer in the Laminar Gutter

A

Semi-Spinalis Muscle Name

209
Q

Multi Fasciculated Muscle

A

Semi-Spinalis Muscle

210
Q

T7-T12 TP’s

A

Semi-Spinalis Muscle Origin (Transversospinal muscles)

211
Q

Spinalis is part of what group?

A

Layer IV

212
Q

Transversospinal muscles are part of what group?

A

Layer V

213
Q

Semi-Spinalis is part of what group?

A

Layer V

214
Q

C6-T4 SP’s (6-8 segments above)

A

Thoracis Relay INSERTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

above origin

215
Q

Unilateral: Contralateral Rotation
Bilateral: Extension (Thorax)

A

Thoracis Relay ACTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

216
Q

T1-T6 TP’s

C4-C7 Post zygapophyses

A

Cervicis/ Colli ORIGIN of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

Capitis Relay Origin of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

217
Q

C2- C5 SP’s (2-8 segments above)

A

Cervicis/ Colli INSERTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

above origin

218
Q

Unilateral: Contralateral rotation
Bilateral: Extension (neck)

A

Cervicis/ Colli ACTION of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

219
Q

Runs with Spinalis Capitis above?

A

Capitis of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

220
Q

Superior Nuchal Plana

A

Capitis Relay Insertion of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

221
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion
Bilateral: Extension (head)

A

Capitis Relay Action of Semi-Spinalis Muscle

222
Q

Many parts/ fasciculi (construction)

A

Multifidi Name

223
Q

Intermediate layer of the Laminar Gutter

A

Multifidi

224
Q

Extensive points of origin/ insertion

A

Multifidi

225
Q

More oblique than the Semi Spinalis fibers

A

Multifidi

226
Q

Articular Crests of the Sacrum
L1-L5 MP
T1-T12 TP
C4-C7 Post- Zygapophyses

A

Multifidi Origin

227
Q

Multifidi is part of what group?

A

Layer V

228
Q

L5-C2 SP’s (3-5 segments above)

A

Multifidi Insertion

above origin

229
Q

Unilateral: Weak Contralateral Rotation
Bilateral: Weak Extension

A

Multifidi Action

230
Q

Rotatores Longus and Brevis are part of what group?

A

Layer V

231
Q

Main Spinal Rotators (Action/Size)

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis Name

232
Q

Deepest Layer of the Laminar Gutter

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis

233
Q

Directly against the vertebrae

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis

234
Q

Short, nearly level fasciculi

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis

235
Q

Brevis Fasciculi ______ to Longus

A

Deep

236
Q

L5-C3 TP’s (inclusive)

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis Origin

237
Q

2nd Lamina above

A

Rotatores Longus Insertion

238
Q

Next Lamina above/ directly above

A

Rotatores Brevis Insertion

239
Q

Unilateral: Strong Contralateral Rotation (regionally)

A

Rotatores Longus and Brevis Action

240
Q

Interspinalis is part of what group?

A

Layer V

241
Q

SP’s attachment

A

Interspinalis Name

242
Q

Short, Single Fasciculus muscles

A

Interspinalis

243
Q

Well-Developed in the Lordotic curves

A

Interspinalis

244
Q

S1-T12 SP’s

T3-C3 SP’s

A

Interspinalis Origin

245
Q

SP’s directly above

A

Interspinalis Insertion

above origin

246
Q

Bilateral: Extension (regional)
Isometric: Help form and maintain the Lordotic curves

A

Interspinalis Action

247
Q

Intertransversarii belongs to what group?

A

Layer V

248
Q

TP’s (attachment)

A

Intertransversarii Name

249
Q

Short Paired Muscles

A

Intertransversarii Muslces

250
Q

3 parts of Intertransversarii?

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
251
Q

Anterior/ Posterior pairs on each side

A

Cervical Interstansversarii

252
Q

C2-C7 Anterior/ Posterior TP’s

A

Cervical Interstansversarii Origin

253
Q

Anterior/ Posterior TP’s directly above

A

Cervical Interstansversarii Insertion

254
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion

A

Cervical Interstansversarii Action
Thoracic Intertransversarii Action
Lumbar Intertransversarii Action

255
Q

Paired with the Levator Costorum

A

Thoracic Intertransversarii

256
Q

Distal C7-T11 TP’s

A

Levator Costorum Origin

257
Q

Superior Border of the Rib below

A

Levator Costorum Insertion

258
Q

Elevate Rib & Proprioception of chest wall

A

Levator Costorum Action

259
Q

Innervation of Levator Costorum

A

Posterior Rami C8-T11 n

260
Q

Posterior Rami C8-T11n innervate what?

A

Levator Costorum

261
Q

Distal T1-T12 TP’s

A

Thoracic Intertransversarii Origin

262
Q

Distal TP’s Directly above

A

Thoracic Intertransversarii Insertion

263
Q

Lateral/ Medial Pairs on each side

A

Lumbar Intertransversarii

264
Q

Lateral: L1-L5 TP
Medial: L1-L5 MP

A

Lumbar Intertransversarii Origin

265
Q

Lateral: TP directly above
Medial: AP directly above

A

Lumbar Intertransversarii Insertion

266
Q

Sub-Occipital belongs to what group?

A

Layer V

267
Q

Directly under the occiput (position)

A

Sub-Occipital Name

268
Q

Important in precise control of head posture

A

Sub-Occipital

269
Q

All muscles within this category are palpebral and of chiropractic significance

A

Sub-Occipital

270
Q

4 single fasciculus muscles

A

Sub-Occipital

271
Q

What are the 4 groups of Sub-Occipital?

A
  1. Rectus Capitus Posterior major
  2. Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor
  3. Superior Oblique
  4. Inferior Oblique
272
Q

Shape (rectus=straight) attachment/size/position

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)

273
Q

Homologous to the Interspinalis Muscles below

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)

274
Q

What is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) Homologous to?

A

Interspinalis Muscles below

275
Q

Single Fasciculus cord-like muscle?

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)

276
Q

Form a 1” gap btw L/R Insertions?

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital)

277
Q

Superolateral C2 SP

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) ORIGIN

278
Q

Inferior Nuchal Line (1/2” lateral to Median Nuchal Line)

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) INSERTION

279
Q

Unilateral: Ipsilateral Rotation
Bilateral: Extension of Head

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major (Sub-Occipital) ACTION

280
Q

Shape/ Attachment/position/ size

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)

281
Q

Directly deep to the RCP Major

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)

282
Q

What is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) Homologous to?

A

Interspinalis Muscle below

283
Q

L/R Muscles touch medially

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)

284
Q

Hard to palpate btw the L/R RCP Majors (1” gap)

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital)

285
Q

C1 Posterior Tubercle

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) ORIGIN

286
Q

Medial Inferior Nuchal Plana

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) INSERTION

287
Q

Bilateral: Extension (Head)

A

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor (Sub-Occipital) ACTION

288
Q

AKA Obliquus Capitus Superior

A

Superior Oblique

289
Q

Postion/ Orientation

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior

290
Q

Homologous to the Posterior Intertransversarii

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior

291
Q

What is Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior Homologous to?

A

Posterior Intertransversarii

292
Q

Hard to palpate (too deep under the occipital shelf)

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior

293
Q

Very oblique (Postero-Superior)

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior

294
Q

Postero-Superior C1 TP

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior ORIGIN

295
Q

Inferior Nuchal Line, just lateral to the RCP Major

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior INSERTION

296
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion and Contralateral Rotation (if allowed)

Bilateral: Weak Extension (head)

A

Superior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Superior ACTION

297
Q

Very Oblique (anterolaterally)

A

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior

298
Q

Easily palpated (along C2 Lamina)

A

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior

299
Q

Lateral Margin of the C2 SP, just below the RCP Major

A

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior ORIGIN

300
Q

Posterior C1 TP, just below the Superior Oblique Origin

A

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior INSERTION

301
Q

Unilateral: Ipsilateral rotation of C1/C2
Isometric: Helps maintain C1/C2 stability during head flexion

A

Inferior Oblique/ Obliquus Capitus Inferior ACTION

302
Q

Innervated by Posterior Rami of C1 (Suboccipital nerve)

A

ALL Sub-Occipital Muscles

  • Rectus Capitus Posterior Superior + Inferior
  • Oblique Superior + Inferior
303
Q

What innervates all Sub-Occipital Muscles?

A

Posterior Rami of C1

304
Q

Area btw Superior/ Inferior Obliques/ RCP Major=

A

Sub-Occipital Triangle

305
Q

Muscles of Sub-Occipital Triangle)?

A

Anterior/Pre-vertebral

306
Q

Muscles anterior to the Transverse Processes (Position)

A

Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles Name

307
Q

Cervical and Lumbar Flexors

A

Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

308
Q

Few Thoracic (Diaphragm)

A

Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

309
Q

What are the 4 cervical Prevertebral muscles?

A
  1. Longus Capitus- RCA Major
  2. Longus Cervicis/ Colli
  3. Rectus Capitus Anterior- RCA Minor
  4. Rectus Capitus Lateralis
310
Q

AKA Longus Capitus

A

RCA Major

311
Q

Longus Capitus Named for…

A

Shape
Attachment
Size
Position

312
Q

C3-C6 Anterior TP’s

A

Longus Capitus Origin of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

Superior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis

313
Q

Pharyngeal Tubercle (L/R muscles touch together)

A

Longus Capitus Insertion of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

314
Q

Bilateral: Flexion (head)
Isometric: Resists lordosis of the cervical curve

A

Longus Capitus Action of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

315
Q

Innervated by C1-C4 n

A

Longus Capitus of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

316
Q

Longus Capitus of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles innervated by

A

C1-C4 n

317
Q

Longus Cervicis/ Colli Named for…

A

Size

Attachments

318
Q

3 Fasciculi Orientations

A

Longus Cervicis/ Colli of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles

319
Q

What are the 3 portions of the Longus Cervicis/ Colli of Anterior/ Prevertebral Muscles?

A
  1. Superior Oblique Portion
  2. Vertical Portion
  3. Inferior Oblique Portion
320
Q

Name: Orientation of the Fibers

A

Superior Oblique Portion
Vertical Portion
Inferior Oblique Portion

321
Q

C1 Anterior Tubercle

A

Superior Oblique Portion INSERTION of Longus Cervicis/ Colli

322
Q

Unilateral: Ipsilateral Rotation
Bilateral: Flexion (neck)
Isometric: Resist Lordosis of cervical curve

A

Superior Oblique Portion ACTION of Longus Cervicis/ Colli

323
Q

C5-T3 Lateral Bodies

A

Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis ORIGIN

324
Q

C2-C4 Lateral Bodies

A

Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis INSERTION

325
Q

Bilateral: Flexion (neck)
Isometric: Resist Lordosis of the Cervical Curve

A

Vertical Portion of Longus Cervicis ACTION

326
Q

T1-T3 lateral Bodies

A

Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis ORIGIN

327
Q

C5-C6 Anterior TP’s

A

Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis INSERTION

328
Q

Unilateral: Contralateral Rotation
Bilateral: Flexion (neck)
Isometric: Resist Lordosis of the Cervical Curve

A

Inferior Oblique Portion of Longus Cervicis ACTION

329
Q

AKA Rectus Capitus Anterior

A

RCA Minor

330
Q

Named for Shape/ attachment/ size/ position

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior

331
Q

Deep to Longus Capitus

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior

332
Q

C1 Lateral mass and Anterior TP

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior ORIGIN

333
Q

Basion, just anterior to FM

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior INSERTION

334
Q

Bilateral: Flexion (head)
Isometric: Resist lordosis of cervical spine

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anterior ACTION

335
Q

Innervated by C1-C2 n

A

RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anteiror

Rectus Capitus Lateralis

336
Q

What innervates RCA Minor/ Rectus Capitus Anteiror?

A

C1-C2 n

337
Q

Named for shape/ attachment/ position

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis

338
Q

Homologous to Anterior Intertransversarii

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis

339
Q

What is Rectus Capitus Lateralis Homologous to?

A

Anterior Intertransversarii

340
Q

Pre-Vertebral Innervation (ventral ramus of the C1 Spinal nerve)

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis

341
Q

C1 Anterior Transverse process (superior margin)

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis ORIGIN

342
Q

Jugular process directly above

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis INSERTION

343
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion (head)

A

Rectus Capitus Lateralis ACTION

344
Q

What innervates Rectus Capitus Lateralis?

A

C1-C2 n

345
Q

How many lumbar pre-vertebral muscles are there?

A

3

346
Q

What are the lumbar pre-vertebral muscles?

A
  1. Psoas Major
  2. Psoas Minor
  3. Quadratus Lumborum
347
Q

Position (psoas=loin)/ size

A

Psoas Major

Psoas Minor

348
Q

Long Fusiform Muscle

A

Psoas Major

349
Q

Located on Posterior abdominal wall

A

Psoas Major

Quadratus Lumborum

350
Q

Very oblique course through the pelvis

A

Psoas Major

351
Q

Anterolateral from origins to the pelvic brim

A

Psoas Major

Oblique Course

352
Q

Posterolateral to the internal femur

A

Psoas Major

Oblique Course

353
Q

L1-L5 Lateral bodies and anterior TP

A

Psoas Major ORIGIN

354
Q

Lesser trochanter of the femur

A

Psoas Major INSERTION

355
Q

Unilateral: flexion (thigh)
OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion (trunk), Bilateral- flexion (trunk), Isometric- help form and maintain the lumbar curve

A

Psoas Major ACTION

356
Q

Innervation L1-L3 n

A

Psoas Major

357
Q

What innervates the Psoas Major?

A

L1-L3 n

358
Q

Variable, absent in 40% of cadavers

A

Psoas Minor

359
Q

T12-L1 Lateral bodies

A

Psoas Minor ORIGIN

360
Q

Pubic Ramus, just lateral to the Psoas Major

A

Psoas Minor INSERTION

361
Q

Assist the Psoas Major

A

Psoas Minor ACTION

362
Q

Innervated by L1

A

Psoas Minor

363
Q

What innervates L1?

A

Psoas Minor

364
Q

Named for shape (quadratus=4 sides)/ attachments

A

Quadratus Lumborum

365
Q

Broad, flat, rectangular muscle

A

Quadratus Lumborum

366
Q

Iliac Crest

Iliolumbar Ligament

A

Quadratus Lumborum ORIGIN

367
Q

L1-L4 TP and Inferior margin R12

A

Quadratus Lumborum INSERTION

368
Q

Unilateral: Lateral Flexion
Bilateral: Flexion (lumbars)
Isometric: Stabilize R12 during inspiration and expiration

A

Quadratus Lumborum ACTION

369
Q

Innervated by Subcostal, L1-L3 n

A

Quadratus Lumborum

370
Q

What innervates Quadratus Lumborum?

A

Subcostal

L1-L3 n

371
Q

Named for Postion

A

Lateral Vertebral Muscles

372
Q

Respiratory and coronal stabilization muscles

A

Lateral Vertebral Muscles

373
Q

What are the Lateral Vertebral Muscles made of?

A

3 Cervico-thoracic muscles

374
Q

What are the 3 cervico-thoracic muscles?

A
  1. Scalenus Anterior
  2. Scalenus Medius
  3. Scalenus Posterior
375
Q

Named for shape (scalene triangle=3 unequal sides)/ position

A

Scalenus Anterior

376
Q

Impalpable under the SCM

A

Scalenus Anterior

377
Q

Passes under the clavicle

A

Scalenus Anterior

Scalenus Medius

378
Q

C3-C6 Anterior TP

A

Scalenus Anterior ORIGIN

379
Q

Superior Margin of R1 just lateral to the costo-chondral junction on scalene tubercle

A

Scalenus Anterior INSERTION

380
Q

Bilateral: elevate ribcage during deep inspiration
OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion/ contralateral rotation, bilateral- flexion (neck), Isometric- coronal stabilization of neck and head

A

Scalenus Anterior ACTION

381
Q

Innervated by C5-C8 n?

A

Scalenus Anterior

Scalenus Medius

382
Q

What innervates Scalenus Anterior?

A

C5-C8 n

383
Q

Scalenus medius Named for…

A

Shape

Position

384
Q

Palpable btw the SCM and Levator Scapulae

A

Scalenus Medius

385
Q

Longest/ Largeset Scalene muscle

A

Scalenus Medius

386
Q

Inserts just lateral to Scalenus Anterior

A

Scalenus Medius

387
Q

C2-C7 posterior TP’s

A

Scalenus Medius ORIGIN

388
Q

Superior Surface of R1

A

Scalenus Medius INSERTION

389
Q

Bilateral: Elevate ribcage during deep inspiration
OI: Unilateral- lateral flexion/ weak contralateral rotation, Bilateral- weak flexion (neck), Isometric- Coronal stabilization of the neck and head

A

Scalenus Medius ACTION

390
Q

Innervates Scalenus Medius?

A

C5-C8n

391
Q

Scalenus Posterior Named for…

A

Shape

Position

392
Q

Smallest/ Deepest Scalene Muscle

A

Scalenus Posterior

393
Q

Impalpable under the levator scapulae and the trapezius

A

Scalenus Posterior

394
Q

Passes under the clavicle and over R1

A

Scalenus Posterior

395
Q

C5-C7 Posterior TP

A

Scalenus Posterior ORIGIN

396
Q

Lateral Surface of R2

A

Scalenus Posterior INSERTION

397
Q

Bilateral: Elevate ribcage during deep inspiration

O I: Unilateral- lateral flexion (lower neck), Isometric- Coronal Stabilization of the neck/ neck

A

Scalenus Posterior ACTION

398
Q

Innervated by C6-C8

A

Scalenus Posterior

399
Q

Innervates Scalenus Posterior?

A

C6-C8 n

Quarter 2 (7 decks)

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