Spinal Flashcards
Types of spinal conditions (7)
Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Stenosis Spondylosis Spondylolisthesis Scoliosis Whiplash Non-specific
What is AK
A type of inflammatory arthritis that mainly affects where the ligaments, tendons, or capsules attach to the bone.
Risk factors for AK
Age (Late adolescents)
Male
Genetics
Symptoms of AK
Back pain starts at the SIJ Over 3 months in duration Worse in the morning Better after exercise, worse at rest Fatigue night sweats Can affect other tendons, eyes, lungs, and bowels
What is spinal stenosis?
and
Caused by what?
Narrowing of the central or foraminal canals
can be due to a tumour, disk herniation, inflammation of ligaments
Symptoms of spinal stenosis
Doesn't always have symptoms Age-related changes Symptoms often improve when in flexion C spine: Myopathy L spine: CES
what is Spondylosis?
Umbrella term for osteoarthritic changes to the bone.
It May not cause any pain
Can causes stenosis
Normal age-related changes
What is Spondylolisthesis?
Anterior translation of the superior vertebra in relation to the inferior.
1-5 grading
Most commonly affected are L4/5 and L5/S1
Risk factors for Spondylolisthesis
Developmental/congenital abnormalities of the pars interarticulates
Overload of normal bone and degradation/stress fracture
Trama causing a fracture
Scoliosis
S shape curvature of the spine Can cause pain, also sometimes doesn't - Idiopathic - Congenital - COBB angle of 45/50 - poor proprioception
Whiplash
General term for neck pain once all other pathologies have been ruled out.
Potential yellow flags
Symptoms of whiplash
Hearing loss Headaches Numbness and weakness in extremities Eye pain Nausea Vision loss Tittinus
Non-Specific
Refer to the NICE guidelines
