Spermatogenesis & oogenesis Flashcards
What is spermatogenesis
The production of spermatozoa (sperm)
What is oogenesis
The process where by female gametes/ Ova are created
Describe the brief process of spermatogenesis
Spermatogonia cells grow into spermatocytes
Spermatocytes undergo 2 meiotic divisions to become spermatids
Spermatids differentiate into functional spermatozoa (sperm)
When does spermatogenesis occur?
At puberty
What are the 3 main phases of oogenesis
Proliferation
Growth
Maturation
When does oogenesis begin?
When the baby is in the mothers’ womb (about 1-2 months before birth)
When does a primary oocyte undergo its first meiotic division
in puberty
How does cytokinesis differ in oogenesis?
Cytoplasm is not divided equally
What happens during the proliferation phase of oogenesis
oogonia cells are formed through mitosis during foetal development
What happens in the growth phase of oogenesis
Oogonia grow into primary oocytes through mitosis
Primary oocytes are surrounded by granulosa cells creating a primary follicle
Most follicles get debased (die)
What happens in the maturation phase of oogenesis?
oocytes undergo 2 meiotic divisions:
1st - divides into an uneven secondary oocyte and a polar body
2nd - both unevenly divide again into a haploid egg (ovum) and another polar body
Why is the formation of a polar body necessary?
Ensures the ovum remains a haploid cell
Conserves as much cytoplasm as possible
Allows oocyte to reduce the genome
Where does oogenesis happen
in the ovaries
Where does spermatogenesis happen
Testes
What happens at ovulation
a secondary oocyte is released from the ovary, travels down fallopian tube towards uterus
