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Tao Le A/I Board Review > Specific Diagnostic Modalities > Flashcards

Specific Diagnostic Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the highest concentration of IgE producing plasma cells?

A

tonsils and adenoids

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2
Q

Polymorphisms in what are associated with high IgE in blacks and low IgE in whites?

A

CCL11 (eotaxin)

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3
Q

Which allergen can have a false positive SPT due to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in honeybee venom?

A

tree pollen

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4
Q

False SPT can be seen in patients with anaphylaxis within what time period?

A

1 month

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5
Q

What is the highest dose for an intradermal test for venom?

A

1 microgram/ml

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6
Q

What is a capsaicin provocation test used for?

A

distinguish AR from NAR - increased responsiveness in AR

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7
Q

Methacholine stimulates what receptors?

A

muscarinic

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8
Q

What is the most reproducible measure on spirometry?

A

FEV1

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9
Q

What is the difference between a direct and indirect bronchoprovication test?

A

Direct tests directly cause bronchoconstriction - histamine, methacholine
Indirect induces mediator release - mannitol, exercise

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10
Q

At what dose is a methacholine test considered positive?

A

PC20

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11
Q

What is considered a positive mannitol challenge?

A

15% drop at a total cumulative dose of

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12
Q

What do you call the clumps of sloughed epithelial cells seen in asthmatic sputum?

A

creola bodies

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13
Q

What is the most common method for quantifying immunoglobulins?

A

Rate nephelometry

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14
Q

Which condition has a lack of dynein arms and loss of ciliary spokes?

A

primary ciliary dyskinesia

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15
Q

How does rate nephelometry quantify Igs?

A

light scatter measurement - dependent upon formation of immune complexes

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16
Q

How is SPEP performed?

A

separates proteins using an electric field on agarose gel

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17
Q

How is an “M” spike (monoclonal paraproteins) detected?

A

immunofixation electrophoresis

18
Q

What test is used to confirm HIV infection?

A

western blot

19
Q

What does CH50 assess?

A

classical complement pathway - C1-C9

20
Q

What does AH50 assess?

A

alternative complement pathway - factor D, B, C3, properdin, C5-C9

21
Q

What autoantibody is associated with pemphigus vulgaris?

A

antidesmoglein-3

22
Q

What method is used to detect RNA viruses?

A

reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)

23
Q

What method is used to quantify residual disease following bone marrow transplant?

A

quantitative PCR (qPCR) or real time PCR

24
Q

What method is used to detect translocations, deletions and duplications of large areas of genome?

A

Southern Blot

25
Q

What method is used to detect specific RNA sequences and their size and expression profiles of specific genes?

A

Northern Blot

26
Q

What method is the gold standard for detecting T-cell clonality?

A

Southern Blot

27
Q

What method is used to detect presence or absence of specific DNA sequences?

A

FISH

28
Q

What method is used to detect SNPs?

A

Microarray hybridization

29
Q

What method is used to predict tissue allograft rejection?

A

Mixed Lymphocyte reaction - recognizes differences in MHC II

30
Q

What is an ethmoid cell that migrates to the superior roof of the maxillary sinus?

A

Haller cell

31
Q

What is a pneumatized middle turbinate?

A

chonca bullosa

32
Q

What is often seen on chest CT in Churg-Strauss?

A

peripheral consolidation; pleural effusions

33
Q

What is seen on chest CT in granulomatous and lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD)?

A

nodular opacities, consolidation, ground glass, honeycombing, bronchiectasis

34
Q

What radiographic finding might be seen in autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome?

A

pneumatoele

35
Q

Side scatter is based on what?

A

granularity

36
Q

Forward scatter is based on what?

A

size

37
Q

What markers indicate a Naive B cell?

A

CD19+ CD27- IgM+

38
Q

What markers indicate a mature B cell?

A

CD19+ CD20-

39
Q

What markers indicate a memory B cell?

A

CD19+ CD27+ IgM+

40
Q

What markers indicate a switched memory B cell?

A

CD19+ CD27+ IgM-

41
Q

How do you distinguish a NK cell from a NKT cell on flow?

A

NK cells are CD3-, NKT cells are CD3+

42
Q

What PID is dx by DHR test?

A

CGD

Tao Le A/I Board Review (11 decks)

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