Specific Diagnostic Modalities Flashcards
Where are the highest concentration of IgE producing plasma cells?
tonsils and adenoids
Polymorphisms in what are associated with high IgE in blacks and low IgE in whites?
CCL11 (eotaxin)
Which allergen can have a false positive SPT due to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants in honeybee venom?
tree pollen
False SPT can be seen in patients with anaphylaxis within what time period?
1 month
What is the highest dose for an intradermal test for venom?
1 microgram/ml
What is a capsaicin provocation test used for?
distinguish AR from NAR - increased responsiveness in AR
Methacholine stimulates what receptors?
muscarinic
What is the most reproducible measure on spirometry?
FEV1
What is the difference between a direct and indirect bronchoprovication test?
Direct tests directly cause bronchoconstriction - histamine, methacholine
Indirect induces mediator release - mannitol, exercise
At what dose is a methacholine test considered positive?
PC20
What is considered a positive mannitol challenge?
15% drop at a total cumulative dose of
What do you call the clumps of sloughed epithelial cells seen in asthmatic sputum?
creola bodies
What is the most common method for quantifying immunoglobulins?
Rate nephelometry
Which condition has a lack of dynein arms and loss of ciliary spokes?
primary ciliary dyskinesia
How does rate nephelometry quantify Igs?
light scatter measurement - dependent upon formation of immune complexes
How is SPEP performed?
separates proteins using an electric field on agarose gel
How is an “M” spike (monoclonal paraproteins) detected?
immunofixation electrophoresis
What test is used to confirm HIV infection?
western blot
What does CH50 assess?
classical complement pathway - C1-C9
What does AH50 assess?
alternative complement pathway - factor D, B, C3, properdin, C5-C9
What autoantibody is associated with pemphigus vulgaris?
antidesmoglein-3
What method is used to detect RNA viruses?
reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR)
What method is used to quantify residual disease following bone marrow transplant?
quantitative PCR (qPCR) or real time PCR
What method is used to detect translocations, deletions and duplications of large areas of genome?
Southern Blot
What method is used to detect specific RNA sequences and their size and expression profiles of specific genes?
Northern Blot
What method is the gold standard for detecting T-cell clonality?
Southern Blot
What method is used to detect presence or absence of specific DNA sequences?
FISH
What method is used to detect SNPs?
Microarray hybridization
What method is used to predict tissue allograft rejection?
Mixed Lymphocyte reaction - recognizes differences in MHC II
What is an ethmoid cell that migrates to the superior roof of the maxillary sinus?
Haller cell
What is a pneumatized middle turbinate?
chonca bullosa
What is often seen on chest CT in Churg-Strauss?
peripheral consolidation; pleural effusions
What is seen on chest CT in granulomatous and lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD)?
nodular opacities, consolidation, ground glass, honeycombing, bronchiectasis
What radiographic finding might be seen in autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndrome?
pneumatoele
Side scatter is based on what?
granularity
Forward scatter is based on what?
size
What markers indicate a Naive B cell?
CD19+ CD27- IgM+
What markers indicate a mature B cell?
CD19+ CD20-
What markers indicate a memory B cell?
CD19+ CD27+ IgM+
What markers indicate a switched memory B cell?
CD19+ CD27+ IgM-
How do you distinguish a NK cell from a NKT cell on flow?
NK cells are CD3-, NKT cells are CD3+
What PID is dx by DHR test?
CGD
