Specific Acquired Immunity--Diebel

Question 1

Small amino acid sequences that are recognized by lymphocyte receptor

Answer 1

epitope

Question 2

How often do proliferating lymphocytes double in number?

Answer 2

6-12 hr.

Question 3

B-cells are responsible for _________ immune response

Answer 3

humoral (extracellular spaces)

Question 4

T-cells are responsible for _________ immune response

Answer 4

cell-mediated

Question 5

What is the only cell type to not display MHC-I molecules?

Answer 5

erythrocytes

Question 6

MHC-I molecules are recognized by CD4+/CD8+ T-cells

Answer 6

CD8+

Question 7

MHC-II molecules are recognized by CD4+/CD8+ T-cells

Answer 7

CD4+

Question 8

What types of cells express MHC-II

Answer 8

B-cells
macrophages
dendritic cells

Question 9

Lymphokines

Answer 9

cytokines secreted by lymphocytes

Question 10

Which CD is universally expressed by T-cells?

Answer 10

CD3

Question 11

Th1 CD4+ macrophages duties

Answer 11

acute inflammation, lymphokine production

Question 12

Th2 CD4+ macrophage duties

Answer 12

M2 macrophage activation, clean up. important in parasite immunity.

Question 13

Th17 CD4+ macrophage duties

Answer 13

acute inflammation (like Th1), famous for severe autoimmune reactions

Question 14

Tfh CD4+ macrophage duties

Answer 14

help activate B-cells, stimulated by antigen to move from T-cell areas of lymph nodes into B-cell follicles

Question 15

Treg CD4+ macrophage duties

Answer 15

suppress Th1, Th17, and Th2 to keep immune system in chick. part of Th family.

Question 16

CD4+ T-cell activation requires that MHC-II binds TCR, but also requires which other two co-receptors to bind in order to maintain adequate specificity?

Answer 16

CD28 binds B7 (APC)

LFA1 and 3 bind ICAM1 and 3 (APC)

Question 17

Which two cytokines generally activate T-cells?

Answer 17

IL-2

IL-15

Question 18

Th1 activation cytokines

Answer 18

IL-12

IFN-gamma

Question 19

Th2 activation cytokines

Answer 19

IL-4

Question 20

Th1 deactivation cytokines

Answer 20

IL-10

Question 21

Th1 and Th2 deactivation cytokines

Answer 21

TGF-beta (transforming growth factor)

Question 22

Why is it adventagous to kill virally infected cells?

Answer 22

killing them early makes sure less virus particles are produced than if they spontaneously lysed

Question 23

What is the big mediator of T-cell mediated cytotoxicity?

Answer 23

FAS–FAS ligand interaction –> caspase cascade

it’s FAS-T-cell ==> FAST-cell killing

Question 24

How are T-cells positively selected for in thymus?

Answer 24

need to recognize MHC-I or MHC-II

Question 25

How are T-cells negatively selected for in thymus?

Answer 25

killed if recognize self antigens on MHC-II of thymus epithelial cells

Question 26

Your friend is out of T-cells. You spin your T-cells out and inject them into his veins so he doesn't get TB. Why will this not work?

Answer 26

T-cells are specific to individuals, ie they only recognize "native" MHC-antigen presentation

Question 27

Which CD molecule on a B-cell interacts with T-cells?

Answer 27

CD40

Question 28

Which Ig makes its way through the placenta?

Answer 28

IgG

Question 29

Normal, everyday, opsonizing immunoglobulin

Answer 29

IgG

Question 30

Which Ig is first to appear in infection?

Answer 30

IgM

Question 31

How long does it take for IgM to be replaced with IgG?

Answer 31

1-2 wk

Question 32

Most abundant secretory Ig

Answer 32

sIgA

Question 33

IgE attaches to ________ cells

Answer 33

mast cells

Question 34

Type I hypersensitivity

Answer 34

IgE histamine related primarily Th2 CD4+ cells activate B-cells to make IgE

Question 35

Type II hypersensitivity

Answer 35

``` autoantibodies produced (B-cell mediated collateral damage) ```

Question 36

Type III hypersensitivity

Answer 36

immune complexes formed | occur primarily in tissues with outward fluid movement (kidney, skin, pleura, joints)

Question 37

Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 37

collateral, T-cell mediated cellular damage