Species Concepts (E1)

Question 1

Biological Species Concept Flaws

Answer 1

cannot be applied to asexual or fossils, some species have gene flow (grolar bear)

Question 2

Morphological Species Concept

Answer 2

defines species by body shape/other structural features, can be applied to asexual and sexual organisms

Question 3

Ecological Species Concept

Answer 3

defines species based on the ecological environment

Question 4

Biological Species Concept

Answer 4

Defines species as a group of organisms that can successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 5

Reproductive Isolation

Answer 5

biological factors that prevent two species from interbreeding and producing viable, fertile offspring

Question 6

Prezygotic Barriers

Answer 6

impede mating or hinder fertilization
1) Habitat Isolation
2) Temporal Isolation
3) Behavioral Isolation
4) Mechanical Isolation

Question 7

Postzygotic Barriers

Answer 7

prevent a hybrid zygote from developing into a viable, fertile adult
1) Gametic Isolation
2) Reduced Hybrid Viability
3) Reduced Hybrid Fertility
4) Hybrid Breakdown

Question 8

Allopatric Speciation

Answer 8

gene flow is interrupted when a population is divided geographically
- Depends on organism’s ability to move around
- Gene pools may diverge

Question 9

Sympatric Speciation

Answer 9

speciation occurs in populations that live in the same geographic area

Question 10

Polyploidy

Answer 10

accident results in extra chromosomes

Question 11

Sexual selection

Answer 11

mate choice acts as a reproductive barrier

Question 12

Habitat differentiation

Answer 12

sub-population uses habitat or resource not used by the parent generation

Question 13

Adaptive Radiations

Answer 13

periods of evolutionary change where groups of organisms form many new species whose adaptations allow them to fill ecological roles
- Occurs after mass extinctions