Anatomy and Physiology (E2) Flashcards
Anatomy
study concerning structures of the body
Physiology
study concerning the function of the structures
Body plan organization
Cells are organized into tissues, groups of cells with similar function and structure
Tissues are organized into organs
Organs are organized into organ systems
Epithelial tissue
sheets of cells that cover the outside, line organs and cavities of the body
Simple Squamous
Simple Cuboidal
Simple Columnar
Stratified Squamous
Connective Tissue
holds tissues and organs together and in place
Composed of collagenous, reticular, and elastic tissue.
6 major types of connective tissues
Loose connective tissue - binds epithelial to tissues, holds organs in place
Cartilage - strong flexible support
Fibrous - tendons (attach muscles to bones), ligaments (connects bones)
Adipose - stores fat
Blood - blood cells
Bone - forms skeleton
Muscle Tissue
responsible for nearly all types of body movement
Skeletal - voluntary movements
Smooth - involuntary movements
Cardiac - in the contractile wall of the heart
Consist of filaments containing proteins actin and myosin which enable contraction
Nervous Tissue
processing, and transmission of information
Contains neurons or nerve cells, transmit nerve impulses
Contain support cells called glial cells or glia
The endocrine system
Utilizes signaling molecules (hormones)
Is used for gradual changes that affect the entire body (growth, reproduction, etc)
The endocrine system
Utilizes signaling molecules (hormones)
Is used for gradual changes that affect the entire body (growth, reproduction, etc)
Nervous system
transmits signals along dedicated routes connecting specific locations in the body
Nerve impulses travel through axons to specific cells
For short term, immediate and rapid responses
