Species Coexistence and Niche Theory

Question 1

focuses on how biological species are organized into communities in space and through time

Answer 1

Coexistence

Question 2

2 Coexistence mechanisms

Answer 2

1. Equalizing mechanisms
2. Stabilizing mechanism

Question 3

A coexistence mechanisms that reduce fitness
differences between species. This mechanism
affect interspecific competition.

Answer 3

1. Equalizing mechanisms

Question 4

A coexistence mechanisms that promote coexistence by concentrating intraspecific
competition relative to interspecific competition.

Answer 4

2. Stabilizing mechanism

Question 5

Mechanisms that lead to permanent stable coexistence

Answer 5

Stabilizing mechanism

Question 6

Mechanism that just postpone competitive exclusion

Answer 6

Equalizing mechanisms

Question 7

CHESSON’S 4 CATEGORIES OF
STABILIZING MECHANISMS

Answer 7

1. Variation - independent mechanisms
2. The storage effect
3. Fitness - density covariance
4. Relative nonlinearity

Question 8

are
any stabilizing mechanism that functions within a
local place and time.

• Resource partitioning,
• predator partitioning,
• frequency-dependent predation

When a species is at very low density, individuals
gain an advantage, because they are less
constrained by competition across the landscape.

Answer 8

Variation - independent mechanisms

Question 9

is a mechanism for the
coexistence of competing species in temporally
varying environments

Answer 9

The storage effect

Question 10

occurs when species are spread out non-uniformly across the
landscape. Most often, it occurs when species are found in different areas.

Answer 10

Fitness - density covariance

Question 11

occurs when species
benefit in different ways from variation in
competitive factors.

For example, two species might coexist if one
can grow better when resources are rare, and
the other grows better when resources are abundant

Answer 11

Relative nonlinearity

Question 12

His definition focused on the
environmental factors that
determine where a species
could survive

Answer 12

Joseph Grinnell

Question 13

His definition of niche was
determined by its interactions
with other species

Answer 13

Charles Elton

Question 14

His definition considers all
abiotic and biotic factors that
influence a species.

Answer 14

George Evelyn Hutchinson

Question 15

is the functional role and
position of a species in its environment.

Answer 15

Ecological niche

Question 16

4 ecological niche

Answer 16

1. Habitat
2. Activity patterns
3. Role
4. Resources

Question 17

Types of Ecological Niche

Answer 17

1. Habitat/Spatial niche
2. Trophic niche
3. Hypervolume niche

Question 18

This pertains to the physical space inhabited
by an organism.

Answer 18

1. Habitat/Spatial niche

Question 19

In this case, two species occupy the same
habitat but have different functional roles or
trophic positions

Answer 19

2. Trophic niche

Question 20

defines the multi-
dimensional space of resources available to
organisms and all species other than those
under consideration are regarded as part of the
coordinate system.

Answer 20

3. Hypervolume niche

Question 21

The fundamental niche is an ________ for
a species to thrive without any competition.

Answer 21

ideal condition

Question 22

This can be defined as the range of
environmental conditions in which a particular
species can live. It means a collection of
conditions and sources in which the species can
survive, grow, and reproduce.

Answer 22

Fundamental Niche

Question 23

There are 2 forms of Niche according to?

Answer 23

George Evelyn Hutchinson

Question 24

2 forms of Niche

Answer 24

1. Fundamental Niche
2. Realized Niche

Question 25

is the part of a fundamental
niche that an organism occupies as a result of
limiting factors present in its habitat.

Answer 25

Realized Niche

Question 26

A form of niche where the organism tends to
occupy and play an ecological role where it is
most highly adapted.

Answer 26

Realized Niche