SPECIAL SENSES CHAPTER 18 Flashcards
The __________ cranial nerves communicate sensory messages from the gustatory cells to the medulla oblongata. glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal, and abducens facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus facial, trigeminal, and olfactory facial, trigeminal, and abducens
Correct Answer: facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus
The __________ cranial nerve DOES NOT innervate any extrinsic eye muscles. oculomotor trochlear abducens facial
Answer: facial
The __________ fluid is found in the anterior chamber/cavity. saline vitreous aqeuous mucus
Answer: facial
Identify the structure labeled “a.”
choroid
sclera
lens
cornea
SCLERA
choroid
The blind spot is
where the optic nerve passes out of the eye.
just deep to the lens.
where the density of cones is the greatest.
where the iris obscures the lens.
where the optic nerve passes out of the eye.
Astigmatism is
a longer eyeball than the average person.
a shorter eyeball than the average person.
an irregular curvature of either the lens or cornea.
a lens that is cloudy.
an irregular curvature of either the lens or cornea.
cochlear nerve
semicircular canal
Conduction deafness can be caused by
damage to cochlear nerve.
damage to the cerebrum’s temporal lobe.
damage to hair cells.
damaged or ruptured tympanic membrane.
damaged or ruptured tympanic membrane.
Sensorineural deafness can be caused by
damaged or ruptured tympanic membrane.
ossification of the auditory ossicles.
damage to auditory ossicles.
damage to hair cells.
damage to hair cells.
Which part of the eye is filled with vitreous humors?
middle vascular layer
anterior cavity
posterior cavity
inner neural layer
posterior cavity
Which part(s) of the eye is/are the inner neural layer?
iris, ciliary body, and choroid
sclera and cornea
structure filled with aqueous humor
retina
retina
How does a cow’s eye differ from a human’s eye?
The cow’s eye reflects light rather than absorbing it.
The cow’s eye is more oblong in shape.
The cow’s eye has four tunics rather than three.
The cow’s eye lacks cone photoreceptors.
The cow’s eye reflects light rather than absorbing it.
Before a cow’s eye can be dissected, the __________ tissue needs to be cut away.
muscle
meninges
fascia
adipose
adipose
People with color blindness lack or have diminished quantities of which photoreceptor type?
cones
spirilla
rods
spirochetes
cones
What is the reason the near point of accommodation decreases as a person ages?
The lens becomes clouded with age and light doesn’t pass through as well.
The lens shape changes with age, causing the focal point to shift.
The lens becomes less elastic with age and doesn’t change shape as easily.
The lens becomes more brittle with age, causing light to refract erratically.
The lens becomes less elastic with age and doesn’t change shape as easily.
The __________ functions in equilibrium.
auditory ossicles
tympanic membrane
cochlea
vestibule
vestibule
The __________ connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx.
auditory tube
vestibule
semicircular canal
cochlea
auditory tube
If a patient has hearing loss, health practitioners will use the __________ to determine whether the damage is conductive or sensorineural hearing loss.
Snellen test
Ishihara test
Weber and Rinne tests
Romberg test
Weber and Rinne tests
The __________ test is used to evaluate the ability of a patient’s vestibular apparatus to maintain equilibrium without a visual stimulus.
Rinne
Snellen
Weber
Romberg
Romberg
Olfactory neurons and gustatory cells respond to ________s, and cones respond to _________.
Olfactory neurons in the olfactory -__________ are stimulated by chemical -______ and their axons form the olfactory nerves (_________), whereas gustatory cells respond to ________ chemicals and send sensory impulses via the -__________), _____________ and _________ nerves to the __________. Cones send electrical impulses via the ____________ to the _________s.
Olfactory neurons and gustatory cells respond to chemicals, and cones respond to light.
Olfactory neurons in the olfactory mucosa are stimulated by chemical odorants and their axons form the olfactory nerves (CN I), whereas gustatory cells respond to dissolved chemicals and send sensory impulses via the facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IV), and vagus (CN X) nerves to the thalamus. Cones send electrical impulses via the optic nerve (CN II) to the thalamus.
