special senses

Question 1

Classification of sensory receptors?

Answer 1

General sense receptors: somatic and visceral sensory receptors.
Special sense receptors: Gustation-taste
olfaction-smell
vision
hearing
equilibrium

Question 2

Anatomy of olfactory epithelium?

Answer 2

1. olfactory receptors: bipolar neurons (CN1) with cilia or olfactory hairs
2. supporting cells: Columnar epithelium
3. Basal cells=stem cells: Replace receptors monthly

Question 3

Location of taste buds?

Answer 3

soft palate, epiglottis, sides of vallate foliate and fungiform papillae.

Question 4

Types of gustation cells?

Answer 4

Supporting, receptor, basal.

Question 5

What are the 5 taste sensations?

Answer 5

sweet: Produced by organic compouds e.g. sugar
Salt: produced by metal ions
Sour: associated with acids
Bitter: produced by alkaloids e.g. unsweetened chocolate.
Umami: taste related to amino acids, meaty flavor

Most sensitive to bitter taset, least sensitive to sweet and salty.

Question 6

What is the lacrimal apparatus?

Answer 6

a gland and series of canals that produce tears.

Question 7

What is the conjunctiva?

Answer 7

A thin clear moist membrane that lines the inside of eyelids.

Question 8

What are the 3 tunics (layers) of the eyeball?

Answer 8

1. fibrous tunic
2. vascular tunic
3. Retina

Question 9

What is the cornea?

Answer 9

A transparent layer of collagen fibers that covers iris and helps to focus light.

Question 10

What is the sclera?

Answer 10

The “white” of the eye, made of collagen and fibroblasts.