Muscular system Flashcards
What are fascicles?
Skeletal muscle fibers arranged within a muscle.
What muscles are involved with facial expression?
occipitofrontalis: Raises eyebrow and wrinkles forehead (furrows the brow)
Corrugator supercilii: Connects frontal bone to skin of eyebrow, draws eyebrow inferiorly and medially.
Orbicularis oculi: Serves to close the eye.
Levator palpebrae superioris: Elevates upper eyelid.
Nasalis: Flares nostrils
Levator labii superioris: Elevates upper lip.
Orbicularis oris: Closes lips, kissing/pucker of lips.
Zygomaticus major and minor: Draws angle of mouth up and out for smiling/laughing.
Platysma: “tense neck” appearence.
Masseter: Chewing
Temporalis: chewing
Pterygoids: Side-side chewing
Buccinator: “milkshake muscle”
Extrinsic eye muscles?
Superior rectus: Moves eyeball upward Inferior rectus: Moves eyeball downard Medial rectus: Moves eyeball inward Lateral rectus: Moves eyeball outward Superior oblique: Downward and outward Inferior oblique: Upward and outward.
What is the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Inserts at temporal bone (mastoid process), causes head and neck flexion
Muscles used in breathing?
External intercostals: Pulls each rib upwards to increase lung volume
Internal intercostals: Pulls each rib down to decrease lung volume.
Muscles of anterior abdominal wall?
Rectus abdominis: 8 paired bodies, “abs”.
Transversus abdominus: Fibers run deep horizontally, increases abdominal pressure.
Muscles of abdominal wall?
External obliques: Superficial, rotate and flex spine
Internal obliques: Deeper, rotate and flex spine
Muscles that move the vertebrae?
Illiocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
What is the deltoid?
Shoulder muscle
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
Suprasinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
Muscles that flex forearm?
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Muscles that extend forearm?
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Muscles of anterior forearm?
Brachioradialis: Synergist elbow flexor, pronator and supinator of hand.
Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus
Supinator
Interossei?
Palmer interossei muscles adduct the fingers
Dorsal interossei abduct the fingers
Muscles that extend and abduct thigh?
Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus.
Muscles that flex the thigh?
Psoas major
Illiacus
What is the sartorius?
Longest muscle in body, “Tailors muscle”. Flexes, abducts, laterally roates thigh.
Origin: Illium
Insertion: Winds around knee, inserts on tibia.
What does the gastrocnemius do?
Allows for plantar flexion
Interossei of feet?
Dorsal interossei abduct toes
Plantar interossei adduct the toes
