Special Senses

Question 1

How are the special senses different from the somatic senses?

Answer 1

They relate to the PNS

Question 2

What are the 5 special senses?

Answer 2

Vision, hearing, equilibrium, taste and smell

Question 3

Which part of the eye is responsible for allowing light to enter?

Answer 3

Cornea

Question 4

Which part of the eye refracts light to focus it on the retina?

Answer 4

Lens

Question 5

Which part of the eye is coloured and controls the diameter of the pupil?

Answer 5

Iris

Question 6

Which part of the eye holds the lens in place?

Answer 6

Ciliary body

Question 7

Which part of the eye has photoreceptors?

Answer 7

Retina

Question 8

What is the spot on the retina called?

Answer 8

Fovea

Question 9

What is the fluid in front of the lens?

Answer 9

Aqueous humour

Question 10

What os the fluid behind the lens?

Answer 10

Vitreous humour

Question 11

What is the area where axons leave the eye?

Answer 11

The optic disc

Question 12

What is the structure containing all the axons that transmit information to the brain?

Answer 12

The optic nerve

Question 13

What stimulates the photoreceptors “cones” in the eye?

Answer 13

Bright light and they provide colour vision

Question 14

Why do blue and green colours appear brighter at dusk or night?

Answer 14

Rods are sensitive to light and more sensitive to blues and greens which is why they appear brighter at night

Question 15

What is the optic chiasm?

Answer 15

Where the neurons of the eye cross over

Question 16

Where do the neurons go after they pass the optic chiasm?

Answer 16

Primary visual cortex

Question 17

If an image is processed in the right occipital lobe, which visual field is it receiving information from?

Answer 17

Left

Question 18

What are the parts of the outer ear?

Answer 18

Auricle (pinna) and external auditory canal

Question 19

What are the parts of the middle ear?

Answer 19

Eardrum, 3 bones which form the ossicle chain and the eustachian tube

Question 20

What are the parts of the inner ear?

Answer 20

Cochlea and vestibular apparatus

Question 21

What structure connects the middle ear to the upper part of the throat?

Answer 21

Nasopharynx

Question 22

What causes low-pitch sound?

Answer 22

Low frequencies

Question 23

What do sound waves stimulate in order to cause action potentials in the cochlea?

Answer 23

Vibrations

Question 24

What structure is responsible for equilibrium in the ear?

Answer 24

Vestibular apparatus

Question 25

What structures detect changes in angular acceleration of the head?

Answer 25

Semicircular canals

Question 26

What do the otoliths organs do?

Answer 26

Detect changes in liner acceleration of the head

Question 27

What are the 5 basic taste sensations that taste buds respond to?

Answer 27

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami

Question 28

What is the name of the receptors that detect dissolved chemicals in food or drink?

Answer 28

Gustatory receptors (in taste buds)

Question 29

Taste is integrated with what other body functions?

Answer 29

Smell increasing saliva production, initiating vomiting reflex in response to bad tasting substances

Question 30

Where are the smell receptors located?

Answer 30

Olfactory epithelium located on roof of nasal cavity

Question 31

True/False: Humans have many different olfactory receptors

Answer 31

True: about 450 different types