Blood Vessels And Haemodynamics Flashcards
Approximately how much blood is in the human body?
5 litres
What are the 3 main functions of blood?
Distribution - transportation of nutrients, respiratory gasses, waste products and hormones
Regulation - regulates body temperature, fluid volume and blood pH
Protection - protection through blood clotting to prevent blood loss
Blood is made up of which 4 components?
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
True or false: Blood cells originate from stem cells
True
What is the term used to describe blood clotting?
Hemostasis.
How many stages of haemostasis? What are they?
3: Vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation (blood clotting)
What’s are the layers of a blood vessel? (3)
Plasma
Buffs coat
Red blood cells
Which layer is capable of vasoconstriction/dialation?
Smooth muscle, endothelial plasma membrane
What is the vasa vasorum?
A blood supply in the outer layer of the blood vessel
What is the function of the arterial system?
Carries blood away from the heart in high pressure
Carries the vital substances requires throughout the body
What are the 2 types of arteries? What are their differences?
Elastic - allows large volumes of blood to exit the heart under high pressure
Muscular - allows increased vasoconstriction due to smooth muscle
Which arterial structure contributes to 40% of the total peripheral resistance?
Arterioles
What is the function of the venous system?
Carries blood from organs and tissues to the heart
What feature do veins have that arteries do not?
Vein valves
What are the purpose of the vein valves?
Ensures one way blood flow against downward pressure of gravity
Which vascular structure connects the veins to the capillaries?
Venules
What are capillaries?
The smallest blood vessels which provide substance exchange between blood and cells
What does the lymphatic system do?
Connects to the venous system and recovers fluid that leaks from the vascular system back to the blood
The lymphatic system is connected to the arterial or venous system?
Venous
What are the levels of the arterial system? (4)
Elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries
What are the levels of the venous system? (4)
Capillaries, venules, small veins, large veins
What is the average systolic pressure?
Under 120 mmHG (systemic circulation left ventricle)
What is the average diastolic pressure?
Average 80mmHg (right ventricle)
