Special Senses

Question 1

Fovea

Answer 1

Found in macula - center of sharp vision

Question 2

Macula

Answer 2

Area of best visual acuity

Question 3

Vitreous humor

Answer 3

Gel found in the posterior cavity

Question 4

Aqueous humor

Answer 4

Liquid found in anterior cavity; produced in posterior chamber of anterior cavity

Question 5

Rods vs cones

Answer 5

Rods - b&w, lower light threshold

Cones - color, higher acuity

Question 6

Rhodopsin

Answer 6

Light-sensitive pigment

Question 7

Optic pathway

Answer 7

Visual field —> Optic nerve —> Optic chiasm —> Optic tract —> Lateral geniculate body —> Occipital cortex

Question 8

Ossicles

Answer 8

Malleus
Incus
Stapes (articulates w/ oval window)

Question 9

Cochlea

Answer 9

Tympani canal
Basilar membrane (w/ Organ of Corti)
Cochlear duct
Vestibular canal
Sends signals to CN VIII

Question 10

Serous otitis media

Answer 10

Fluid fills up middle ear
Doesn’t have red inflammation of otitis media
Test for tympanic motion and encourage drainage through eustacian tube

Question 11

Nystagmus

Answer 11

Eye shake - head moves in one direction and eyes move in the other
Caused by labyrinthitis or brainstem problem
Vertical is bad (brainstem tumor)

Question 12

Benign positional vertigo

Answer 12

Mineral deposit in semicircular canal causes vertigo

Maneuver to lodge deposit somewhere it won’t cause problems

Question 13

Mannear’s disease

Answer 13

damage to cochlear and vestibular nerves causes hearing loss and vertigo
Symptoms come and go but worsen w/ time

Question 14

Caloric testing

Answer 14

Put warm/cold water in ear canal and look for nystagmus

Question 15

Cupula

Answer 15

Sensory hairs in the semicircular canals

Question 16

Instead of being separate, olfactory sensors are also the _____ and, unlike most, can _______.

Answer 16

Neurons; regenerate

Question 17

Anosmia

Answer 17

Inability to smell

Question 18

Types of papillae (taste buds)

Answer 18

Filiform - majority, don’t taste
Cicumvallate - large, base of tongue
Foliate - lateral borders
Fungiform - button mushroom shape, highest concentration on tip and dorsal surfaces

Question 19

Why would taste be affected in Bell’s Palsy?

Answer 19

Bell’s Palsy is a disorder of CN VII (facial) - one side of the face doesn’t work, including taste.