Special definitions

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

The process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

The process where complex nutrients are broken down into simpler substances and energy is released.

Question 3

Cell Membrane

Answer 3

Structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and what leaves the cell.

Question 4

Chromosomes

Answer 4

rod shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes.

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

All of the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane.

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Chemical found within each chromosome. Controls the activities of the cell.

Question 7

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. Large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces here.

Question 8

Genes

Answer 8

Regions of DNA within each chromosome.

Question 9

Karyotype

Answer 9

Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell.

Question 10

Metabolism

Answer 10

total of the chemical process in a cell which includes anabolism and catabolism.

Question 11

Mitochondria

Answer 11

Structures in the cytoplasm that provide principal source of energy. Catabolism is the process that occurs in mitochondria.

Question 12

Nucleus

Answer 12

Control center of the cell. contains chromosomes and controls activities of the cell.

Question 13

Adipose tissue

Answer 13

collection of fat cells.

Question 14

Cartilage

Answer 14

Flexible connective tissue often attached to bones at joints.

Question 15

Epithelial cells

Answer 15

Skin cells that cover the outside of the body line the internal surfaces of organs.

Question 16

Histologist

Answer 16

Specialist in the study of tissues.

Question 17

Larynx

Answer 17

Voice box.

Located in the upper part of the trachea.

Question 18

Pharynx

Answer 18

Throat.

Common passageway for food and air.

Question 19

Pituitary gland

Answer 19

Endocrine gland at the base of the brain.

Question 20

Thyroid gland

Answer 20

Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck.

Question 21

Ureter

Answer 21

one of two tubes leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder.

Question 22

Trachea

Answer 22

Windpipe.

Leads from throat to bronchial tubes.

Question 23

Urethra

Answer 23

Tube from urinary bladder to outside the body.

Question 24

Uterus

Answer 24

Womb; the organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it develops.

Question 25

Viscera

Answer 25

Internal organs

Question 26

Peritoneum

Answer 26

double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity.

Question 27

spinal cavity

Answer 27

space within the spinal column

Question 28

Supine

Answer 28

Lying on back. face up, palms up

Question 29

Prone

Answer 29

Lying on belly. Face down, palms down

Question 30

Other term for frontal plane

Answer 30

Coronal plane

Question 31

Other word for sagittal plane

Answer 31

Lateral plane

Question 32

Other word for transverse plane

Answer 32

Axial plane

Question 33

never
let
monkeys
eat
bananas

Answer 33

neutrophil
lymphocyte
monocyte
eosinphil
basophil