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Medical terminology > chapter 18 > Flashcards

chapter 18 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

metabolism hormone of the thyroid =

A

T3

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2
Q

calcitonin =

A

hormone that adds calcium to bones and lowers blood calcium level

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3
Q

parathyroid locations =

A

4 parathyroids on posterior of thyroid

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4
Q

parathyroid hormone (parathormone) =

A

hormone that removes calcium from bones and raises blood calcium levels

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5
Q

cortisol =

A

`hormone that comes from adrenal cortex.

raises blood sugar and acts as anti-inflammatory

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6
Q

cortisone =

A

synthetic cortisol

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7
Q

aldosterone =

A

hormone that regulates blood salts.

regulates blood volume and blood pressure

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8
Q

epinepherine =

A

stress hormone (fight of flight)

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9
Q

norepinephrine =

A

stress hormone that raises b.p.

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10
Q

insulin =

glucagon =

A

insulin = hormone that lowers blood sugar

glucagon = hormone that raises blood sugar

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11
Q

growth hormone =

growth hormone aka?

A

promotes bone, muscle, and other body growth

aka somatotrpoin

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12
Q

thyroid stimulating hormone =

thyroid stimulating hormone aka?

A

aka thyrotropin

promotes thyroid secretions

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13
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone =

adrenocorticotrpoic hormone aka?

A

adrenocorticotropin

promotes adrenal cortex secretions

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14
Q

prolactin =

A

hormone that promotes lactation

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15
Q

antidiuretic hormone =

antidiuretic hormone aka?

A

aka vasopressin

hormone that promotes kidneys to preserve water

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16
Q

oxy =

A

sharp

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17
Q

oxytocin =

A

hormone that promotes uterine contractions for giving birth

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18
Q

estradiol & estrone =

A

estrogen hormones that promote hormone developement

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19
Q

progesterone =

A

hormone that promotes pregnancy

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20
Q

testosterone =

A

an androgen hormone that promotes sperm developement

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21
Q

adren/o =

A

adrenal glands

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22
Q

adrenal/o =

A

adrenal glands

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23
Q

-tropin =

A

substance that causes change

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24
Q

hypogonadism =

A

small balls that may be caused by deficiency of gonadotropins

25
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

26
Q

parathyroid/o

A

parathyroids

27
Q

hypopituitarism =

A

state of deficient pituitary hormones

28
Q

pituitar/o =

A

pituitary gland

29
Q

thyr/o =

A

thyroid gland

30
Q

thyroid/o

A

thyroid gland

31
Q

hyperandrogenism =

A

testosterone hirsutism - excessive hair with females

32
Q

calc/o =

A

calcium

33
Q

calci/o =

A

calcium

34
Q

cortic/o =

A

cortex

35
Q

endocrinologist =

A

medical specialist of hormones

36
Q

crin/o

A

secretion

37
Q

polydipsia =

A

excessive thirst

38
Q

dips/o =

A

thirst

39
Q

estr/o =

A

female

40
Q

glyc/o =

A

sugar

41
Q

kal/i =

A

potassium

42
Q

lact/o =

A

milk

43
Q

natr/o =

A

sodium (Na)

44
Q

hypophysis =

A

pituitary gland

45
Q

somatotropin =

A

substance causing change in the body

46
Q

somat/o =

A

body (bone/muscle)

47
Q

goiter =

A

enlarged thyroid

48
Q

thyrotoxicosis caused by? causes?

A

caused by overactive thyroid

causes increased heart rate, body temp, weight loss, and exophthalmos

49
Q

hyperparathyroidism =

A

causes excessive removal of bone calcium and hypercalcemia

50
Q

cushing syndrome =

A

from excessive cortisol.

causes obesity, hypercalcemia, and hypertension

usually from prolonged steroid meds

51
Q

diabetes mellitus =

A

insulin deficiency disease

52
Q

type 1 diabetes

A

usually childhood onset/insulin required

53
Q

type 2 diabetes =

A

usually adult onset/ controlled by lifestyle/diet, drugs, or insulin

54
Q

hyperinsulinism =

A

state of excessive insulin from tumor or insulin overdose

55
Q

acromegally =

A

excessive growth hormone during adulthood(hands, feet and face enlarge)

56
Q

gigantism =

A

excessive growth hormone begines while young

usually from tumor of pituitary

57
Q

panhypopituitarism =

A

all pituitary hormones are deficient

58
Q
A

Medical terminology (17 decks)

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