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Medical terminology > chapter 11 cardiovascular system > Flashcards

chapter 11 cardiovascular system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

the cardiovascular system circulates blood that dilivers and removes what?

A

delivers oxygen and removed carbon dioxide

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2
Q

which blood vessels carry blood to the heart?

A

veins and venules

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3
Q

which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A

arteries and arterioles

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4
Q

what are the smallest blood vessels and what do they facilitate?

A

capillaries

they facilitate exchange with tissues

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5
Q

what are the purpose of valves?

A

allow blood to flow in only one direction

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6
Q

what is the largest blood vessel in the body?

A

aorta

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7
Q

what are vena cavae?

A

2 large veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

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8
Q

what are carotids?

A

two main arteries that carry blood to the head and neck

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9
Q

purpose of the pulmonary circulation route

A

circulation route that oxygenates blood in the cardiovascular system

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10
Q

whats the route of pulmonary circulatory route?

A

deoxygenated blood pumped from right ventricle

travels to lung and becomes oxygenated

oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium

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11
Q

whats the purpose of the systemic circulatory route?

A

supply the tissues of the body with oxygenated blood

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12
Q

whats the purpose of the coronary circulatory system?

A

supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

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13
Q

what are the chambers in the heart in order of flow?

A

1) right atrium
2) right ventricle
3) left atrium
4) left ventricle

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14
Q

what is the valve associated with the right atrium?

A

tricuspid valve

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15
Q

what is the valve associated with the right ventricle?

A

pulmonary valve

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16
Q

what is the valve associated with the left atrium?

A

mitral bicuspid valve

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17
Q

what is the valve associated with the left ventricle?

A

aortic valve

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18
Q

myocardium =

A

the muscular tissue of the heart

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19
Q

endocardium =

A

the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart

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20
Q

what is pericardium?

A

the membrane enclosing the heart

outter layer of fibrous tissue and inner serous membrane

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21
Q

what tools are needed to check blood pressure?

A

sphygmomanometer and stethoscope

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22
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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23
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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24
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

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25
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

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26
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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27
Q

arter/o

A

artery

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28
Q

atheroma =

A

growth of plaque in arterial wall

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29
Q

ather/o

A

yellowish plaque

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30
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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31
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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32
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

33
Q

bradycardia =

A

slow heart rate

34
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

35
Q

cholesterol/o

A

cholesterol

36
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

37
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

38
Q

pericardi/o

A

pericardium

39
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

40
Q

ven/o

A

vein

41
Q

auscultation

A

examining by listening with stethoscope

42
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

43
Q

valvul/o

A

valve

44
Q

valv/o

A

valve

45
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

46
Q

rapid irregular beats of the heart are called what?

A

1) A-fib
2) V-fib

47
Q

which irregular & rapid heart beat condition is serious and what is minor?

A

A-fib = minor

V-fib = major

48
Q

CHF=

A

congestive heart failure

49
Q

weak heart contractions cause a buildup of fluid in lungs. what is the fluid build up called?

A

pulmonary edema

50
Q

CAD=

A

coronary artery disease

51
Q

CAD is usually from what?

A

atherosclerosis

52
Q

occlusion =

A

to block

53
Q

coronary artery disease symptoms

A

1) angina
2) SOB (squeezing chest pain)
3) fatigue

54
Q

MI=

A

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

55
Q

AMI=

A

acute myocardial infarction

acute heart attack

56
Q

CABG=

A

Coronary artery bypass grafting

57
Q

what is cardiac arrest?

A

heart pumping ceases

58
Q

endocarditis

A

infection of the endocardium

59
Q

mitral valve prolapse=

A

improper closure of mitral valve

60
Q

heart murmur usually caused by what?

A

heart valve problem

61
Q

pericarditis=

A

inflammation of the pericardium

62
Q

aneurysm=

A

dilation of an aterial wall

63
Q

DVT=

A

deep vein thrombosis

64
Q

what are the major risk factors of hypertension?

A

stroke and heart attack

65
Q

PVD=

A

peripheral vascular disease

66
Q

what is Raynaud’s disease and what are the symptoms?

A

episodes of constricted blood vessels to fingers and toes

cold, blue, painful

67
Q

vericose veins=

A

swollen twisted veins

68
Q

what causes circulatory shock?

A

inadequate blood volume

69
Q

what do lipid tests check for?

A

cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood

70
Q

high levels of heart enzymes are found in blood when?

A

after MI

71
Q

whats a cardiac angiography?

A

xray with contrast dye in vessels

72
Q

what does a “doppler” do?

A

measure flow through a vessel

73
Q

cardiac catheterization is:

A

when a tube is passed into the heart to inject contrast or measure functions

74
Q

ECG=

A

AKA EKG is electrocardiography

measures electrical activity of heart

75
Q

telemetry

A

distance measurements

76
Q

defibrillation=

A

electrical charge to the heart to reset it

77
Q

AED=

A

automatic external defibrillator

78
Q

thrombolytic therapy=

A

medicine to dissolve clot

79
Q
A

Medical terminology (17 decks)

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