chapter 11 cardiovascular system Flashcards by kyle Melovich

the cardiovascular system circulates blood that dilivers and removes what?

delivers oxygen and removed carbon dioxide

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which blood vessels carry blood to the heart?

veins and venules

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which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

arteries and arterioles

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what are the smallest blood vessels and what do they facilitate?

capillaries

they facilitate exchange with tissues

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what are the purpose of valves?

allow blood to flow in only one direction

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what is the largest blood vessel in the body?

aorta

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what are vena cavae?

2 large veins that return deoxygenated blood to the heart

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what are carotids?

two main arteries that carry blood to the head and neck

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purpose of the pulmonary circulation route

circulation route that oxygenates blood in the cardiovascular system

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whats the route of pulmonary circulatory route?

deoxygenated blood pumped from right ventricle

travels to lung and becomes oxygenated

oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium

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whats the purpose of the systemic circulatory route?

supply the tissues of the body with oxygenated blood

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whats the purpose of the coronary circulatory system?

supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

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what are the chambers in the heart in order of flow?

1) right atrium
2) right ventricle
3) left atrium
4) left ventricle

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what is the valve associated with the right atrium?

tricuspid valve

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what is the valve associated with the right ventricle?

pulmonary valve

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what is the valve associated with the left atrium?

mitral bicuspid valve

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what is the valve associated with the left ventricle?

aortic valve

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myocardium =

the muscular tissue of the heart

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endocardium =

the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart

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what is pericardium?

the membrane enclosing the heart

outter layer of fibrous tissue and inner serous membrane

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what tools are needed to check blood pressure?

sphygmomanometer and stethoscope

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steth/o

chest

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angi/o

vessel

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vas/o

vessel

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vascul/o

vessel

arteri/o

artery

arter/o

artery

atheroma =

growth of plaque in arterial wall

ather/o

yellowish plaque

atri/o

atrium

brachi/o

arm

cardi/o

heart

bradycardia =

slow heart rate

tachycardia

fast heart rate

cholesterol/o

cholesterol

cyan/o

blue

ox/o

oxygen

pericardi/o

pericardium

phleb/o

vein

ven/o

vein

auscultation

examining by listening with stethoscope

thromb/o

clot

valvul/o

valve

valv/o

valve

ventricul/o

ventricle

rapid irregular beats of the heart are called what?

1) A-fib 2) V-fib

which irregular & rapid heart beat condition is serious and what is minor?

A-fib = minor V-fib = major

CHF=

congestive heart failure

weak heart contractions cause a buildup of fluid in lungs. what is the fluid build up called?

pulmonary edema

CAD=

coronary artery disease

CAD is usually from what?

atherosclerosis

occlusion =

to block

coronary artery disease symptoms

1) angina 2) SOB (squeezing chest pain) 3) fatigue

MI=

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

AMI=

acute myocardial infarction acute heart attack

CABG=

Coronary artery bypass grafting

what is cardiac arrest?

heart pumping ceases

endocarditis

infection of the endocardium

mitral valve prolapse=

improper closure of mitral valve

heart murmur usually caused by what?

heart valve problem

pericarditis=

inflammation of the pericardium

aneurysm=

dilation of an aterial wall

DVT=

deep vein thrombosis

what are the major risk factors of hypertension?

stroke and heart attack

PVD=

peripheral vascular disease

what is Raynaud's disease and what are the symptoms?

episodes of constricted blood vessels to fingers and toes cold, blue, painful

vericose veins=

swollen twisted veins

what causes circulatory shock?

inadequate blood volume

what do lipid tests check for?

cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood

high levels of heart enzymes are found in blood when?

after MI

whats a cardiac angiography?

xray with contrast dye in vessels

what does a "doppler" do?

measure flow through a vessel

cardiac catheterization is:

when a tube is passed into the heart to inject contrast or measure functions

ECG=

AKA EKG is electrocardiography measures electrical activity of heart

telemetry

distance measurements

defibrillation=

electrical charge to the heart to reset it

AED=

automatic external defibrillator

thrombolytic therapy=

medicine to dissolve clot