Spasmolytics - centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants. Flashcards
Mechanism of the spasmolytics
Usually acting in the CNS
Reduce abnormally elevated tone of the muscles caused by neurologic disorders or muscle end plate disease.
What is spasticity
Increased tonic muscle contraction, spasms, and increased stretch reflexes.
List the CNS spasmolytics
9
BBCCCTTG
Baclofen
Benzos - Diazepam
CycloBENZaprine
Chlorzoxazone
Carisoprodol
Tizanidine
Tolperisone
Guaifenesin
and Dantrolene
Causes of spasticity
SCI
Multiple sclerosis
Strokes
Developmental CNS disorders, cerebral palsy
Spasmolytics for chronic use
Baclofen, Diazepam, Tizanidine
and Dantrolene
Acute use spasmolytics
What are they typically used to treat?
Guaifenesin
Cyclobenzaprine
Chlorzoxazone
and Dantrolene
Acute muscle injury
They are all totally useless at treating CNS caused spasticity, like SCI or cerebral palsy. (except dantrolene)
Cyclobenzaprine side effects
Marked sedation
Antimuscarinic effects
Visual halluciantions
Dantrolene MoA
Binds toe the RyR1 receptor. Ryanodine receptor in the Sarcoplasmic reticulum. Decreases Ca++ release.
What causes malignant hyperthermia
Most common are the volatile anesthetic gases,
Halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, enflurane
Also by depolarizing muscle relaxants
Suxamethonium and Decamethonium.