Agents used in anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Iron preparations used for IDA

A

Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous fumarate
Ferrous gluconate

Fe-Hydroxide-polymaltose

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2
Q

What is the kinetics of iron replacement treatment?

A

Slow, long treatment over 2-6 months

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3
Q

Adverse effects of oral iron preparates

A

Mild, GI upset, nausea

constipation

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4
Q

What are the parenteral preparations of iron?

How is it given

A

They are only FERRIC, he’s parenteral

Iron dextran
Iron sucrose
Sodium-ferric-gluconate complex

Given i.v. in a slow infusion

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5
Q

Adverse effects of parenteral iron

A

Potential for anaphylactic shock

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6
Q

What is the form of vitamin B12 used in replacement therapy?

What is the active form?

How is it administered?

A

Hydroxycobalamin or cyanocobalamine

Methylcobalamin

Since most B12 deficiencies are caused by a failure of absorption (pernicious anemia, illeal resections),
It should be administered parenterally,

There are no toxicities.

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7
Q

Folate replacement

A

Done orally, no significant toxicity

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8
Q

Drugs for stimulating RBCs

SEs

A

epoeitin alpha
darbepoetin alpha
methyl-PEG-epoetin beta

SEs:
hypertension
thrombosis

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9
Q

Drugs for stimulating neutrophils

A

Filgrastim and Sargramastin

Filgrastim = G-CSF

Sargramostim = GM-CSF

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10
Q

Sargramostin function

A

GM-CSF, stimulates neutrophil and other myeloid cells proliferation, including other PMNs and Megakaryocytes, platelets.

It also mobilizes hemapoeitic stem cells to a degree

Used to increase recovery of WBCs after chemotherapy of marrow transplants.

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11
Q

What adjunct increases the effectiv eness of Filgrastim?

A

Plerixafor

inhibits CXCR4, increasing the mobilization of blood stem cells in prep for an autologous stem cell transplant.

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12
Q

What drugs stimulate megakaryocyte growth

A

Oprelvekin - IL-11 analog

Romiplostim
Eltrombopag

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13
Q

Oprelvekin

A

IL-11
stimulates megakaryocytes, increasing platelet counts.

Used after chemo.

SEs:
headache, fatigue, dizziness
fluid retention

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14
Q

Romiplostim

A

Thrombopoietin receptor agonist, with a unique peptide structure

Given subcutaneously for patients with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

Eltrombopag

A

Thrombopoietin receptor agonist for refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenia,

given orally.

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