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pharma final > cholinomimetics > Flashcards

cholinomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

Nonspecific direct cholinomimetics

A

ACh
Carbachol

(Arecoline nicotinic agonist and partial muscarinic)

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2
Q

Selective nicotinics

A

Nicotine
Lobeline
Arecoline

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3
Q

Selective muscarinics

A 
Muscarine
Pilocarpine
Methacholine
Bethanechol
Cimeveline
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4
Q

Choline esters

A

ACh
Carbachol
Methacholine
Bethanachol

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5
Q

Alkaloids

A 
Muscarine
Pilocarpine
Nicotine
Lobeline
Arecoline
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6
Q

Quaternary amine alkaloid

A

Muscarine

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7
Q

Tertiary amine alkaloids

A

Nicotine
Pilocarpine
Lobeline
Arecoline

Tertiary amines enter CNS

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8
Q

Synthetic cholinomimetics

A

Cevimeline

Varenicline

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9
Q

Methacholine clinical use

A

Methacholine challenge for bronchial hypersensitivity, asthma

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10
Q

Pilocarpine use

A

First line for closed angle glaucoma

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11
Q

Bethanachol use

A 
Post- op non-obstructive ileus.
Long half life, resistant to hydrolysis
Congenital megacolon
Non-obstructive ileus
post partum ileus
spinal injury ileus
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12
Q

Indirect cholinomimetics

A 
Physostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Edrophonium
Donepizil
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13
Q

Tertiary AChE inhibitors

A

Physostigmine - enters CNS

Tacrine
Donepezil
Galantamine
Rivastigmine

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14
Q

Quaternary AChE inhibitors

A

Pyridostigmine
Neostigmine
Digistimine

Demecarium
Ambenonium

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15
Q

Insecticide organophosphates

A

Parathion
Malathion - used for scabies or lice treatments.
Echothiophate

All irreversible, form covalent intermediates that are not hydrolyzed, new enzymes must be created.

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16
Q

Competitive AChE inhibitors

A

Donepezil

Edrophonium

17
Q

Non-competitive reversible

A

Inhibit by forming covalent intermediates with the AChE enzyme in the active site, but are reversible because the bond is eventually hydrolyzed.

18
Q

Myasthenia gravis treatments

A

Pyridostigmine - 1st line

Neostigmine - 2nd

Ambenonium - 3rd

19
Q

Duration of the AChE inhibitors, shortest to longest

A

Edrophonium 5-15 min

Physostig, Neostig, Distig - 1-2 hours

Pyridostigmine 3-6 hours.

Ambenonium and Demecarium 4-8 hours.

pharma final (42 decks)

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