SP- Leadership Flashcards
Give 4 characteristics of a good leader
- Good decision making
- Good communication
- Motivator
- Understanding needs of others
- Experience
- Ambition
- Vision
- Charisma
- Fairness
- Responsibility
What about the situation affects the characteristics adopted by the leader
The favourableness of the situation
What favourableness should autocratic be used in
Most and least favourable situations
What favourableness should democratic be used in
Moderately favourable
Give three characteristics of an autocratic leader
Task orientated
• Leader-centred
• Makes all decisions
• Motivated to complete the task quickly and effectively
• Takes no account of group preferences
• No delegation
• Focus on group performance and achieving goals
Give one negative about autocratic leadership
Danger that they work hard when the leader is present, but fail to take responsibility when the leader isn’t
Give three characteristics of a democratic leader
- Co-operative
- Performer centred
- Shares decisions with the group
- Motivated to develop meaningful interpersonal relationships within the group
- Believes in consultation
- Delegates roles
- Develops unity by giving ownership of the task to each individual
Give one negative about democratic leadership
- A more positive and co-operative approach.
* Often groups work well when left alone because they want to do it for the leader, and not let them down
Give 3 characteristics of laissez-faire
- Policy of non-interference
- Makes no decisions
- Stands aside
- Allows groups to make independent decisions
- Group determines the work to be done and the pace
Give one negative about laissez-faire leadership
- Loss of group direction
* Group can give up easily when mistakes occur
When is autocratic leadership needed generally
- Dangerous
- Cognitive performers
- Large groups
- Team sports
- Groups are hostile
- Quick decisions needed to be made
When is democratic leadership needed generally
- Safe
- Small group
- Groups are friendly
- Autonomous performer
- No time constraints
How are leaders chosen/develop
Emergent
Prescribed
Define an emergent leader
Already part of the group and informally emerge as leader as a result of having appropriate skills/knowledge that the group needs/values
Define a prescribed leader
appointed by someone outside your group and is a formal, external appointment
What are the three theories of leadership
Trait
Social Learning
Interactionist
Describe the trait theory (leadership)
a. Effective leadership is a result of specific, personality, inherited traits e.g. intelligence, assertiveness and self-confidence
b. Great man theory suggests that men are more pre-determined towards leadership and possess the necessary qualities of a good leader
c. However, not all leaders lead well in all situations
d. Girls can be just as good leaders as guys
e. Leadership characteristics can be learnt, not just inherited
Describe social learning theory (leadership)
a. We learn to become good leaders by observing and imitating other’s successful leadership actions in similar situations
b. If you get positive reinforcement of this behaviour- you will continue to do it
c. However, not all people who observe good leadership copy it
d. It takes no account of personality traits
Describe the interactionist theory (leadership)
a. Leadership is a combination of inherited personality traits and learnt skills
b. This allows the leader to assess the situation and adjust their leadership style depending upon situational factors
What is the name of the model of leadership
Chelladurai’s Multidimensional Model of Leadership
What are the 3 antecedent (causes) categories in the leadership model
Situational characteristics
Leader characteristics
Member characteristics
What are the 3 types of leader behaviour categories in the leadership model
Required behaviour
Actual behaviour
Preferred behaviour
What are the outcome categories in the leadership model
Group performance
Group satisfaction
Give an example of a situational characteristic in the leadership model
Dangerous skill
Difficult skill
Give an example of a leader characteristic in the leadership model
Personality
Prefered behaviour
Give an example of a member characteristic in the leadership model
Personalities within the group
Age
Gender
Competency
Give an example of a required behaviour in the leadership model
Autocratic as dangerous skill
Give an example of an actual behaviour in the leadership model
The leader acts autocratically
Give an example of a preferred behaviour in the leadership model
Democratic as they’re there for fun
How can you increase both group performance and satisfaction
If the required behaviour, the preferred behaviour and the actual behaviour are all the same, then both outcomes will be achieved
What happens if the actual and preferred behaviours don’t match
Group satisfaction is elevated but performance drops
What happens if the required and actual behaviours match
performance increases but satisfaction drops
What are the 5 categories of leadership style which can be used to bring together all three types of leadership together in different situations
Training + instruction behaviour Democratic behaviour Autocratic behaviour Social support behaviour Rewarding behaviour
Define training instruction behaviour (leadership style)
Improving performance of athletes through hard training and strenuous conditioning. Instruction will be given on tactics and techniques
Define democratic behaviour (leadership style)
Leader allows group members to become involved in decisions relating to tactics, practice methods and group goals
Define autocratic behaviour (leadership style)
Task centred and decisions made by leader without consultation with the group
Define social support behaviour (leadership style)
Concern is displayed by the leader for the welfare of group and they will have warm relations with individual members
Define rewarding behaviour (leadership style)
Positive feedback rewards the good individuals and group performance. It reinforces the value of cohesion
