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Southern Rhone Flashcards

1
Q

Which Pope moved his court from Rome to Avignon and in what year?

A

Pope Clement V; 1309

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2
Q

Pope Clement V’s successor who began construction on a new summer papal palace, Chateauneuf-du-Pape

A

Pope John XXII

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3
Q

Wine sourced from the papal vineyards (vin d’Avignon) was not bottled as Chateauneuf-du-Pape until what century?

A

19th century

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4
Q

This was the first region in France to be struck by phylloxera (what year)

A

Southern Rhone; 1863

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5
Q

The first AOC in France (what year)

A

Chateauneuf-du-Pape; 1906

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6
Q

The Southern Rhone accounts for about __% of wine produced in the Rhone Valley.

A

95%

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7
Q

Why do many growers plant their vines at an angle in the Southern Rhone?

A

So that Le Mistral will blow them upright in time.

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8
Q

The stones of Chateauneuf-du-Pape

A

Galets roules

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9
Q

What are galets roules?

A

Stones of Chateauneuf-du-Pape

Made of Quartzite

Smoothed by the river

Heat retaining

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10
Q

This producer famously utilizes every authorized variety in their Chateauneuf-du-Pape blend.

A

Beaucastel

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11
Q

What is the main variety in Chateau du Beaucastel CdP?

A

Mourvedre

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12
Q

What is the min ABV for CdP blanc?

A

12.5% (!) - highest in France

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13
Q

T/F: In CdP, producers are legally obligated to declassify or discard 2% of harvested grapes.

A

True

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14
Q

The first estate-bottled CdP

A

Chateau la Nerthe; 1785

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15
Q

Soil of CdP

A

Limestone subsoil

Gravel
Calcareous clay
Sand

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16
Q

Traditional aging vessel in CdP

A

Old oak foudres

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17
Q

What is a foudre?

A

Large oak cask, traditional of the Southern Rhone (often holding over 1000 liters)

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18
Q

Thirteen grapes of CdP

A

Grenache
Syrah
Mourvedre

Cinsault
Mouscardin
Counoise

Clairette
Bourbelenc
Picpoul

Roussane
Teret Noir
Picardin

Vaccarese

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19
Q

T/F: Whites and roses are allowed in Cotes du Rhone and Cotes du Rhone-Villages

A

True

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20
Q

How many villages may append their name to Cotes du Rhone-Villages in the Southern Rhone?

A

22

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21
Q

Soils of Gigondas

A

Red clay & alluvial

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22
Q

Red wines of Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Beaumes de Venise, Cairanne, and Vinsobres must contain what % Grenache?

A

50%

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23
Q

What does the term rape refer to?

A

In CdP, the minimum of 2% harvested grapes must be declassified or discarded

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24
Q

In what department is CdP?

A

Vaucluse

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25
This Southern Rhone appellation was granted AOC status in 2016
Cairanne
26
T/F: Hand-harvesting in CdP is mandatory
True
27
T/F: In Carianne, reds, whites, & roses are permitted
False: no roses
28
What styles of wine may be produced in Vinsobres?
Red only (Grenache min. 50%)
29
This Southern Rhone appellation is strictly dedicated to rose wine
Tavel
30
Name two Southern Rhone AOCs for *vin doux naturel*
Rasteau Muscat de Beame de Venise
31
90% of Muscat de Beaume de Venise is produced by whom?
Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise (co-op)
32
What is *mutage*
In *vin doux naturel*, pure grape spirit is added to arrest fermentation in a proportion of 5-10%
33
This region makes *vin doux naturel* in red, white, and rose based on all three colors of Grenache (rouge, blanc, gris).
Rasteau
34
Styles of wine made in Rasteau
Vin doux naturel Can be red, white, or rose, based on Grenache rouge, blanc, gris.
35
What is the general difference in flavor between Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise and Rasteau?
Rasteau tends to show more tawny flavors, whereas Muscat de Beames-de-Venise is typically fresher and more aromatic
36
What do *ambre* and *tuile* indicate?
White and red VDN wine (from Rasteau in Southern Rhone or Rivesaltes in Roussillon) with oxidative character and 3 yrs of aging prior to release
37
Which style of VDN is white; ambre or tuile?
Ambre (tuile being red)
38
What do the terms *blanc* and *grenat* refer to in Rasteau?
White and red VDN wines fresher than ambre and tuile (less oxidative character)
39
What does the term *Hors d'Age* mean on a bottle of Rasteau?
indicates at least 5 years of aging
40
What does the term *rancio* indicate?
A style of Rasteau in which the wine is deliberately oxidized in open barrels, subject to sunlight and temperature fluctuations, etc
41
T/F: Rasteau makes dry wine
True: only dry reds and the fruit must be grown in the commune of Rasteau itself
42
What is the northernmost appellation in Southern Rhone?
Grignan-les-Adhemar
43
Prior to 2010 Grignan-les-Adhemar was known as
Cotes du Tricastin
44
This region adjoins Southern Rhone, Provence, and Languedoc
Costieres-de-Nimes
45
What is *gress*
Alluvial rounded pebbles in sand associated with Costieres-de-Nimes
46
Prior to 2004, Costieres-de-Nimes was a part of
Languedoc
47
Name the single commune appellation within Costieres-de-Nimes
Clairette de Bellegarde
48
Where is Clairette de Bellegarde
Single commune appellation for whites made from 100% Clairette within Costieres-de-Nimes, Southern Rhone Valley.
49
How many different grapes are permitted in the Southern Rhone
23
50
How much of the Cotes-du-Rhone appellation is within the Southern Rhone?
90%
51
The Southern Rhone begins at the town of _________ and runs south to _________.
Viviers; Avignon
52
In what larger region is Duche d'Uzes AOC?
Southern Rhone
53
T/F: Beaumes-de-Venise is for REDS ONLY
True
54
What is the encepagement of Beaumes-de-Venise?
Min combined 80% Grenache/Syrah Incl. min. 50% Grenache 25-50% Syrah Max 10% combined whites Max 20% combined reds
55
Where is Cairanne AOC?
Southern Rhone
56
Where is Clairette de Bellegarde AOC?
Southern Rhone
57
What grapes are permitted in Cairanne rouge?
Min. 50% Grenache 25-50% Syrah Max. 25% other CDR reds Max. 10% white grapes
58
What is the encepagement of Clairette de Bellegarde?
100% Clairette
59
Where is Coteaux de Pierrevert?
Southern Rhone
60
Grapes of Duche d'Uzes?
Syrah Grenache Carignan, Cinsault, Mourvedre
61
T/F: CDR from the Northern Rhone may use Syrah as the main variety while those made in the Southern Rhone are Grenache-based.
True
62
Cotes du Rhone encepagement:
Min. 40% Grenache (Syrah in N. Rhone) Plus Syrah and/or Mourvedre With up to 30% other red varieties Max. 5% white varieties
63
CdR Villages encempagement:
Min. 50% Grenache Min. 20% Syrah and/or Mourvedre Max. 20% other red varieties
64
T/F: CdR Villages is completely within the Southern Rhone
True
65
What is *le rape* in CdP?
5-20% of grapes harvested (min. 2%)
66
Top domaine in Cotes du Vivarais
Gallety
67
Rasteau encepagement
Min. 90% Grenache Other CDR grapes permitted
68
What five grapes may be included in CDR wines in addition to those permitted in Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
Camarese Carignan Marsanne Ugni blanc Viognier
69
Who makes Chateau de Fonsalette?
Chateau Rayas (Southern Rhone)
70
In what region might I find Rolle/Vermentino in Southern Rhone?
Luberon
71
What does the term *cru* refer to in the Southern Rhone?
A sub-appellation of the Southern Rhone; after establishing a reputation, a Cotes-du-Rhone Villages commune may apply to have their own *cru*.
72
River associated with Gigondas
Ouveze
73
What is the name of limestone landmark of Gigondas?
Dentelles de Montmirail
74
Why are wines of Gigondas often more aromatic and fresher than those of CdP?
Elevation and more limestone
75
100% Grenache wines have been permitted in Gigondas since
2009
76
What is the principal variety of Gigondas blanc?
Min. 70% Clairette
77
Gigondas rouge encepagement
Min. 50% Grenache Min. 15% Syrah & Mourvedre (since 2014) Min. 90% Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre Plus other CDR vars
78
Why is Vacqueyras wine considered more rustic than Gigondas?
Sandier, stonier soil
79
Vacqueyras rouge grapes
GSM CDR vars
80
Which Southern Rhone sub-appellation contains Jurassic Clay?
Beaumes-de-Venise
81
Top producer of Rasteau
Gourt de Mautens
82
Grapes of Beaumes-de-Venise rouge
Grenache & Syrah CDR reds CDR whites
83
Top producer of Vinsobres
The Perrins of Ch de Beaucastel
84
Grapes for Vinsobres
GSM CDR Whites
85
Top producer of Tavel
Dme l'Anglore
86
Min. ABV for CdP
12.5% (highest min of any French wine)
87
What % of Chateauneuf-du-Pape wine is red?
90+%
88
When considering different colors of the same grape as their own varieties, how many grapes are permitted in CdP?
18
89
What are the other 5 grapes permitted in CdP to make 18?
Clairette Rose Grenache Blanc and Gris Picpoul Blanc and Gris
90
Bottles of CdP may be embossed differently based upon what?
Which producers' association they belong to
91
What is La Crau?
Famous plateau of CdP
92
Most vines of the Southern Rhone are usually ___________ trained, except Syrah which is usually __________.
Most are Gobelet; Syrah single Guyot
93
Most planted white variety of the Southern Rhone
Ugni Blanc
94
One may find VDN in which three major regions of France?
Languedoc Roussillon Southern Rhone
95
In which two regions of Southern Rhone may one find VDN?
Muscat-de-Beaumes-de-Venise Rasteau (Rancio Tawny & Ruby)
96
Beaucastel's CdR bottling:
Coudelet de Beaucastel
97
Min. ABV for CdR-Villages
12.5%
98
T/F: Chaptalization is permitted in Chateauneuf-du-Pape
False
99
Max yields in CdP
35 hl/ha
100
In their CdP Blanc, Ch de Beaucastel have shown that a varietal ___________ can be worthy of barrel maturation.
Roussanne
101
T/F: Destemming is common in Chateauneuf-du-Pape
False
102
Top producers of Chateauneuf-du-Pape
Beaucastel Henri Bonneau Chapoutier's Barbe Rac Janasse Pegau Rayas Vieux Telegraphe
103
Cotes du Vivarais rouge varieties
Syrah Grenache Marselan Cinsault
104
Vielles Vignes specifications in Cairanne
30 yrs (20 for Syrah & Viognier)
105
Grignan-les-Adhemar varieties
Syrah Grenache CDR vars Marselan
106
T/F: Grenache Noir *must* be present in blend for Tavel rose
True
107
Lirac rouge varieties
GSM & Cinsault Carignan whites
108
T/F: Vinsobres is RED ONLY
True
109
Vinsobres grapes
GSM CDR whites
110
Gigondas grapes
GSM CDR whites
111
Costieres de Nimes vars
GSM Carignan, Cinsault Marselan
112
T/F: Costieres de Nimes can be single varietal
False; min 2 varieties
113
Min planting density for CdP
3,000 v/ha

CMS-A (17 decks)

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