Alsace Flashcards
What percentage of Alsace wine is released as ‘Grand Cru?’
4-5%
What is the capital of Alsace?
Strasbourg
Cremant d’Alsace was established in what year?
1976
Name 2 AOPs of Lorraine:
Cotes de Toul AOP
Moselle AOP
Name the 5 communes permitted to bottle Klevener de Heiligenstein.
Heiligenstein
Goxwiller
Gertwiller
Obernai
Bourgheim
How many GC lieux-dits were added in what years, before Alsace switched from a Chablis-model to a Cote-d’Or-model in 2011?
1975 - 1
1983 - 24
1992 - 25
2007 - 1
(51 total GCs)
This historic vineyard is the southernmost Alsace Grand Cru AOP:
Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann)
The fossil limestone of Alsace:
Muschelkalk
Throughout the middle ages, Alsace was a province of:
The Germanic Holy Roman Empire
Alsace Grand Cru wines must not be released until ___________ the following year and must be bottled in a traditional __________.
June 1st; Flute d’Alsace
Grapes for SGN are usually picked in ________ and suppress varietal character in return for the complexities of ___________.
Tries; Botrytis
T/F: VT wines can be dry.
True
VT may show botrytis character, but tend to emphasize varietal purity as they usually originate from vines in a state of _____________.
Passerillage
Name 3 producers other than Albert Boxler who make an ‘Edelzwicker.’
Meyer-Fonne
Bott Freres
Leon Boesch
Name 3 producers other than Hugel et Fils who make a ‘Gentil.’
Meyer-Fonne
Willm
Dme Klur
Cremant d’Alsace is the only AOP permitted to use what grape?
Chardonnay
Cremant d’Alsace Rose must be 100% this grape variety.
Pinot Noir (maceration or saignee only; no blending)
T/F: VT & SGN may be printed on Alsace AOP or Alsace Grand Cru AOP labels of wines containing 100% single, noble variety.
True
In what year were VT & SGN designations decreed?
1984
The largest Alsace GC and its size:
Schlossberg (Kientzheim) - 80 ha
In what year was the number of actual Alsace Grand Cru AOPs increased from 1 to 51 as each lieu dit received its own appellation?
2011
T/F: Hand-harvesting is mandatory for all GC vineyards, as well as VT & SGN.
True
T/F: Alsace Grand Cru AOP wines are required by law to be single variety.
False (Altenberg de Bergheim & Kaefferkopf)
France developed into a centralized state during which centuries?
15th & 16th centuries
Germany reclaimed Alsace along with Lorraine at the conclusion of this war in 1871.
Franco-Prussian war
This group held Alsace for a short period in the 1940s.
Nazi Germany
Many of Alsace’s vineyards date back to this year - which also saw the beginning of the divergence of French & German winemaking styles where the French began fermenting to dryness.
1945
Generally the premier wines of Alsace originate in this departement - over 2/3 of Alsace’s Grands Crus.
Haut-Rhin
This capital of the Haut-Rhin is the driest city in France.
Colmar
T/F: Alsace vines typically ripen with greater regularity than those of The Loire or northern Burgundy.
True (sunlight hours)
Noble grapes of Alsace.
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot Gris
Muscat
Which clones of Muscat are found in Alsace?
Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
Muscat Rose a Petits Grains
Muscat Ottonel
Which clones of Muscat are found in Alsace?
Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
Muscat Rose a Petits Grains
Muscat Ottonel
In Alsace AOP, even if bottled as a single variety, this wine may be called Pinot Blanc.
Auxerrois
What grapes can be bottled varietally as Grand Cru in Alsace?
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot Gris
Muscat
Sylvaner (Zotzenberg)
Pinot Noir (a/o 2022v)
Which 3 GCs may not bottle Muscat varietally?
Zotzenberg
Altenberg de Bergheim
Kaefferkopf
Alsace AOP wines labled simply “Pinot” may contain any amount of which four grapes?
Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris
Pinot Blanc
Auxerrois
Tokay d’Alsace AKA:
Pinot Gris
Traminer AKA _________ (in the Jura).
Savignan
Klevener de Heiligenstein AKA __________ (in the Jura).
Savignan Rose
Name the 2 pink clones of the traditional grape Traminer:
Gewurztraminer
Klevener de Heiligenstein
What is the difference between ‘Klevner’ and ‘Klevener?’
Klevner = Pinot Blanc
Klevener = clone of Traminer found in Heiligenstein
A branch of Europe’s most powerful dynasty, whose rivalry with France started the ‘Thirty Years’ War.’
Spanish Habsburg House
The only variety permitted in GC Kastelberg (Andlau).
Riesling
The year during the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ when France seized most of Alsace to prevent it from falling into the hands of the Spanish Habsburgs.
1639.
Although famously not listed on the label, Trimbach’s ‘Clos Ste-Hune’ riesling comes from which Alsace GC?
Rosacker (Hunawihr)
Soil type of Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann).
Volcanic
Which of the noble grapes is not permitted to be bottled as a single variety in either Altenberg de Bergheim or Kaefferkopf?
Muscat (max 10% of blends)
What is the ideal serving temp for Alsace GC wines?
45
Alsace GC AOP was first decreed in what year, with what sole named vineyard?
1975; Schlossberg (Kientzheim)
‘Thirty Years’ War’ years:
1618-1648
What was the name for Alsace while it was a part of Germany?
Elsass
What four soil types of Alsace enhance the gunflint flavor/aroma of riesling?
Flint
Schist
Shale
Slate
What 3 departments are included in the ‘Grand Est?’
Alsace
Lorraine
Champagne-Ardenne
Name 3 top producers of Schlossberg GC in Kientzheim?
Dme Weinbach
Albert Mann
Paul Blanck
Top 10 Alsace producers:
Trimbach
Weinbach
Albert Mann
Paul Blanck
Albert Boxler
Dme Ostertag
Marcel Deiss
Hugel et Fils
Lucien Albrecht
Zind-Humbrecht
Which 2 producers are famous for using ‘Vins de Fruit’ (single variety), ‘Vins de Terroir’ (field blends), and ‘Vins de Temps’ (late harvest wines)?
Marcel Deiss
Andre Ostertag
The deadline date for producers to declare vineyard(s) & grape(s) for GC wines.
March 1st
Which mutation is ‘Muscat d’Alsace?’
Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
Training systems permitted for Alsace GC:
Single & Double Guyot
Minimum ABV requirements for Alsace GC:
Riesling, Muscat, Sylvaner - 11%
Pinot Gris, Gewurz - 12.5%
Minimum final blend ABV requirement for Kaefferkopf:
12%
What is ‘Gentil?’
Blends w/ minimum 50% noble varieties (base wines must be vinified separately)
What is ‘Edelzwicker?’
‘Noble Mixture’
A cheap blend - can be MV, no definition for varietal %s, can be single-varietal
What percentage of wine in Alsace is white?
90%
(20% of total French whites)
Pinot Blanc AKA ____________.
Klevner
Varietally labeled Alsace AOP wines must be ____% that grape, with the exception of _________, which may be blended with __________.
100%
Pinot Blanc - Auxerrois
The German Emperor and King of Prussia, whose abdication in November 1918 ended WWI and gave Alsace-Lorraine total independence (for less than a month):
Kaiser Wilhelm II
This treaty concluded the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ in 1648:
The Treaty of Westphalia
Soils of the steep Alsatian slopes:
Schist, granite, volcanic
Soils of the lower Alsatian slopes:
Limestone
Soils of the Alsatian plains at the foot of the Vosges:
Alluvial clay & gravel
Chasselas AKA ___________.
Gutedel
What was the last vineyard to receive GC status and on what date?
Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)
Jan 12, 2007
Which 2 Alsace Grands Crus may blend according to certain mandated proportions and a/o what dates?
Altenberg de Bergheim
Mar 21, 2005
Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)
Jan 12, 2007
Local pink sandstone substoil of Alsace and its makeup:
Gres de Vosges (quartz & feldspar)
The last major French region to gain AOC status and in what year?
Alsace - 1962
Alsace AOP max yield? Alsace Grand Cru AOP?
70 hl/ha
55 hl/ha
(w/ PLC 10%)
The ‘Grand Est’ region is made up of which three departements?
Alsace
Lorraine
Champagne-Ardenne
The 2 principal viticultural hazards of Alsace:
Soil erosion
Drought
By the year 1000, how many Alsatian villages were growing grapes, vs how many today?
160 vs. 118 today
Which GC vineyard is permitted to varietally bottle a non-noble variety as a historical site for this grape and what date?
Zotzenberg - Sylvaner
a/o Mar 21, 2005
What varieties and percentages are permitted in Kaefferkopf GC blends?
Gewurztraminer: 60-80%
Riesling: 10-40%
Pinot Gris: max 30%
Muscat: max 10%
Name 3 producers of Cremant d’Alsace not named Lucien Albrecht:
Albert Boxler
Albert Mann
Arthur Metz
Heavy clay and marl give wine more:
More body, weight, broader flavors
Which GC is permitted for Riesling ONLY?
Kastelberg (Andlau)
What is the most common variety for VT?
Gewurztraminer
What is the rarest variety for VT?
Muscat
What vineyard does Leon Beyer’s Riesling “Cuvee Particuliere” come from?
Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)
Name 3 producers who make a GC Kaefferkopf blend:
*Jean-Baptiste Adam
Dme Geschickt
Maurice Schoeck
Alsace average growing season temp?
60
Alsace average growing season rainfall?
15”
Soils of Muenchberg (Nothalten):
Pebbly volcanic sandstone
Soils of Altenberg de Bergheim:
Calcareous clay
Soils of Schlossberg (Kientzheim):
Granite
Soils of Pfingstberg (Orschwihr):
Calcareous-marl & clayey-sandstone
Soils of Rosacker (Hunawihr):
Dolomitic limestone - rich in magnesium
What does ‘foehn’ refer to?
‘Foehn’ winds are dry, warm, downslope winds of a rain-shadow mountain slope
Alsace Grand Cru AOP maximum yields:
55 hl/ha
Muscat is NOT authorized for varietal wines in which 3 GCs?
Zotzenberg (Mittelbergheim)
Altenberg de Bergheim
Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)
Alsace varietal plantings percentage breakdown:
Riesling - 22%
Pinot Blanc - 21%
Gewurztraminer - 20%
Pinot Gris - 15%
Pinot Noir - 10%
Sylvaner - 7.5%
Muscat - 2%
Franco-Prussian war years:
1870-1871
The smallest Alsace Grand Cru & its size:
Kanzlerberg (Bergheim) - 3ha
Other than the 4 noble grapes which grapes are permitted to be bottled varietally in Alsace AOP?
Pinot Blanc (Klevner)
Auxerrois
Chasselas (Gutedel)
Sylvaner
Pinot Noir
What is the ‘workhorse’ of Cremant d’Alsace and what other varieties are permitted?
Pinot Blanc
Riesling
Auxerrois
Pinot Gris
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Name the 2 GCs permitted for Pinot Noir production since the 2022 vintage:
Hengst (Wintzenheim)
Kirchberg de Barr
Min must weights for Alsace GC:
Riesling, Muscat, Sylvaner - 168 g/L
Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer - 193 g/L
Which Alsace GC is the only outlier to the minimum ABV and must weights requirements and what are they?
Altenberg de Bergheim:
Riesling - 12% | 185 g/L
Pinot Gris & Gewurz - 14% | 218 g/L
Final Blend - 14%
What varieties & percentages are permitted in GC Altenberg de Bergheim blends?
Riesling: 50-70%
Pinot Gris: 10-25%
Gewurztraminer: 10-25%
Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Muscat, Chasselas: total max 10%
More limestone & sandy soils give wine more:
Elegance & finesse
What is “PLC?”
‘Plafond Limite de Classement’
A maximum-yield variable in an appellation - regularly increased by up to 20%
Minimum must weights for VT & SGN:
VT | SGN (g/L):
Riesling & Muscat: 244 - 276
Gewurz & PG: 270 - 306
Pioneer of lower yields in the 1970’s:
Leonard Humbrecht
Name 3 producers making GC Pinot Noir in Hengst or Kirchberg de Barr:
Albert Mann (cuvee H)
Leipp Leininger
Vincent Stoeffler
Name the 5 high quality lieux-dits of GC Brand:
Steinglitz
Schneckenberg
Kirchtal
Weingarten
Jebsal
Name a producer/bottling of GC Eichberg:
Leon Beyer
(Riesling/Gewurztraminer)
‘Cuvee des Comtes d’Eguisheim’
This GC’s rieslings have been well-documented since 1308:
Geisberg (Ribeauville)
Top producer for GC Hengst Gewurztraminer:
Josmeyer
One of the top sites of Guebwiller (along w/ Kitterle) though NOT classified:
Wanne
Name a producer who makes a riesling from Wanne vineyard:
Dirler-Cade
This GC has been well-documented since 783, when it was known as ‘Sigolttesberg:’
Mambourg (Sigolsheim)
This GC claims the warmest vineyards in Alsace:
Mambourg (Sigolsheim)
This GC’s name means “almond tree hill:”
Mandelberg (Mittelwihr & Beblenheim)
This GC’s name means “monk’s hill:”
Moenchberg (Andlau & Eichhoffen)
900m peak above Muenchberg (Nothalten):
Undersberg (Vosges)
Where do the grapes come from for Trimbach’s Riesling ‘Cuvee Frederic Emile?’
Geisberg & Osterberg (both Ribeauville)
Leon Beyer’s ‘Cuvee Particuliere’ is 100% from what GC site?
Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)
In which town was it written that Hercules left his club behind, having been so embarrassed from drinking too much wine (club is on Colmar coat of arms)?
Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann)
The finest riesling in Alsace:
Trimbach Clos Ste-Hune
(Paul Blanck/Dme Weinbach) produces a Schlossberg riesling in a more classic, restrained style.
Paul Blanck
(Paul Blanck/Dme Weinbach) produces a Schlossberg riesling with more exuberant fruit.
Dme Weinbach
What cooperative produces ‘Pinot Blanc Schneckenberg’ and from what GC vineyard?
Pfaffenheim cooperative; Steinert
This GC translates to “block of stone.”
Steinklotz (Marlenheim)
Name 2 GCs known particularly for Muscat:
Kirchberg de Ribeauville
Froehn (Zellenberg)
Name 5 GCs known particularly for Pinot Gris:
Gloeckelberg (Rodern & St-Hippolyte)
Sonnenglanz (Beblenheim)
Sporen (Riquewihr)
Steingrubler (Wettolsheim)
Steinert (Pfaffenheim)
Name 2 Bas-Rhin GCs known for Gewurztraminer:
Altenberg de Bergbieten
Winzenberg (Blienschwiller)
Name 10 Haut-Rhin GCs known for Gewurztraminer:
Altenberg de Bergheim
Sonnenglanz (Beblenheim)
Sporen (Riquewihr)
Marckrain (Bennwihr & Sigolsheim)
Hengst (Wintzenheim)
Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)
Eichberg (Eguisheim)
Hatschbourg (Hattstatt & Voegtlinshoffen)
Goldert (Gueberschwihr)
Kessler (Guebwiller)
Name 4 Alsace GCs known for Pinot Noir:
Steinklotz (Marlenheim)
Kirchberg de Barr
Hengst (Wintzenheim)
Vorbourg (Rouffach & Westhalten)
How many geographic designations are in Alsace Communale AOC?
12
Name the 12 designations of Alsace Communale AOC
Berheim
Blienschwiller
Coteaux du Haut Koenigsbourg
Cotes de Barr
Cote de Rouffach
Klevener de Heiligenstein
Ottrott
Rodern
St-Hippolyte
Scherwiller
Val St-Gregoire
Vallee Noble
Which 3 Alsace Communale AOC designations permit red wines only?
Ottrott
Rodern
St-Hippolyte
Which is the only Alsace Communale AOC designation to permit both red and white wine?
Cote de Rouffach
What was the world’s first biodynamic vineyard and in what year was it Demeter certified?
Dme Eugene Meyer (Bergholtz) - 1969
What was the world’s second Demeter certified biodynamic vineyard?
Jean-Pierre Frick (Pfaffenheim) - 1980
In the 9th century, Roman poet Ermoldus Nigellus from Aquitaine compared the wines of ___________ to those of Falernum.
Sigolsheim (includes modern-day Mambourg GC)
Great Alsace vintages:
59, 61
69, 71
75, 83, 90
What was 1999 like in Alsace?
A very wet vintage; rain, rot & mildew
What was 2003 like in Alsace?
Hot; winemakers permitted to acidify
What was 2004 like in Alsace?
Wet
What happened in 2013 in Alsace?
Rain at harvest
What was 2014 like in Alsace?
Cool vintage; higher acid
What happened in 2017 & 2019 in Alsace?
Spring frosts
What was 2018 like in Alsace?
Warm; softer acidities
What was 2021 like in Alsace?
Spring frosts followed by heavy rains in May, June, July - mildew
What is the principal style of wine made in Cotes de Toul AOP in Lorraine?
Vin Gris pale rose from gamay & pinot noir
85% individual maximum
Both required
10% minimum pinot noir
What are the accessory varieties to Cotes de Toul AOP Vin Gris?
Maximum 15% combined:
Pinot meunier
Aubin
Auxerrois
What grapes are permitted in Cotes de Toul AOP Blanc?
Auxerrois & aubin
Cotes de Toul AOP Rouge is 100% what variety?
Pinot noir
Grapes permitted in Moselle AOP in Lorraine:
Auxerrois
Muller-Thurgau
Pinot gris
Pinot blanc
Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Pinot noir
Gamay
What is Moselle AOP Blanc made up of?
Min. 50% Auxerrois
Min. 70% combined:
Auxerrois, muller-thurgau, pinot gris
Accessory varieties:
Pinot blanc, riesling, max. 10% gewurztraminer
Which grapes are permitted to be labeled varietally in Moselle AOP?
Pinot gris & muller-thurgau
What is Moselle AOP Rouge?
100% pinot noir
What is Moselle AOP Rose?
Min. 70% pinot noir, gamay
What winemaking practice in Moselle AOP is mandatory for roses?
De-stemming and maceration of red grapes for 24-48 hours
T/F: Moselle AOP roses may be made via saignee.
False, maceration of 24-48 hours mandatory
By 1985 only 3 ha of vineyards remained in Moselle due to what?
Phylloxera
Gamay is limited by law to maximum ___% planted surface area in Moselle.
30%
What happened in 1991 in Alsace?
Rain at harvest