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Alsace Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What percentage of Alsace wine is released as ‘Grand Cru?’

A

4-5%

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2
Q

What is the capital of Alsace?

A

Strasbourg

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3
Q

Cremant d’Alsace was established in what year?

A

1976

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4
Q

Name 2 AOPs of Lorraine:

A

Cotes de Toul AOP

Moselle AOP

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5
Q

Name the 5 communes permitted to bottle Klevener de Heiligenstein.

A

Heiligenstein

Goxwiller

Gertwiller

Obernai

Bourgheim

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6
Q

How many GC lieux-dits were added in what years, before Alsace switched from a Chablis-model to a Cote-d’Or-model in 2011?

A

1975 - 1
1983 - 24
1992 - 25
2007 - 1

(51 total GCs)

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7
Q

This historic vineyard is the southernmost Alsace Grand Cru AOP:

A

Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann)

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8
Q

The fossil limestone of Alsace:

A

Muschelkalk

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9
Q

Throughout the middle ages, Alsace was a province of:

A

The Germanic Holy Roman Empire

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10
Q

Alsace Grand Cru wines must not be released until ___________ the following year and must be bottled in a traditional __________.

A

June 1st; Flute d’Alsace

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11
Q

Grapes for SGN are usually picked in ________ and suppress varietal character in return for the complexities of ___________.

A

Tries; Botrytis

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12
Q

T/F: VT wines can be dry.

A

True

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13
Q

VT may show botrytis character, but tend to emphasize varietal purity as they usually originate from vines in a state of _____________.

A

Passerillage

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14
Q

Name 3 producers other than Albert Boxler who make an ‘Edelzwicker.’

A

Meyer-Fonne

Bott Freres

Leon Boesch

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15
Q

Name 3 producers other than Hugel et Fils who make a ‘Gentil.’

A

Meyer-Fonne

Willm

Dme Klur

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16
Q

Cremant d’Alsace is the only AOP permitted to use what grape?

A

Chardonnay

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17
Q

Cremant d’Alsace Rose must be 100% this grape variety.

A

Pinot Noir (maceration or saignee only; no blending)

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18
Q

T/F: VT & SGN may be printed on Alsace AOP or Alsace Grand Cru AOP labels of wines containing 100% single, noble variety.

A

True

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19
Q

In what year were VT & SGN designations decreed?

A

1984

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20
Q

The largest Alsace GC and its size:

A

Schlossberg (Kientzheim) - 80 ha

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21
Q

In what year was the number of actual Alsace Grand Cru AOPs increased from 1 to 51 as each lieu dit received its own appellation?

A

2011

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22
Q

T/F: Hand-harvesting is mandatory for all GC vineyards, as well as VT & SGN.

A

True

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23
Q

T/F: Alsace Grand Cru AOP wines are required by law to be single variety.

A

False (Altenberg de Bergheim & Kaefferkopf)

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24
Q

France developed into a centralized state during which centuries?

A

15th & 16th centuries

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25
Q

Germany reclaimed Alsace along with Lorraine at the conclusion of this war in 1871.

A

Franco-Prussian war

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26
Q

This group held Alsace for a short period in the 1940s.

A

Nazi Germany

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27
Q

Many of Alsace’s vineyards date back to this year - which also saw the beginning of the divergence of French & German winemaking styles where the French began fermenting to dryness.

A

1945

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28
Q

Generally the premier wines of Alsace originate in this departement - over 2/3 of Alsace’s Grands Crus.

A

Haut-Rhin

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29
Q

This capital of the Haut-Rhin is the driest city in France.

A

Colmar

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30
Q

T/F: Alsace vines typically ripen with greater regularity than those of The Loire or northern Burgundy.

A

True (sunlight hours)

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31
Q

Noble grapes of Alsace.

A

Riesling

Gewurztraminer

Pinot Gris

Muscat

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32
Q

Which clones of Muscat are found in Alsace?

A

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains

Muscat Rose a Petits Grains

Muscat Ottonel

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33
Q

Which clones of Muscat are found in Alsace?

A

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains

Muscat Rose a Petits Grains

Muscat Ottonel

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34
Q

In Alsace AOP, even if bottled as a single variety, this wine may be called Pinot Blanc.

A

Auxerrois

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35
Q

What grapes can be bottled varietally as Grand Cru in Alsace?

A

Riesling

Gewurztraminer

Pinot Gris

Muscat

Sylvaner (Zotzenberg)

Pinot Noir (a/o 2022v)

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36
Q

Which 3 GCs may not bottle Muscat varietally?

A

Zotzenberg

Altenberg de Bergheim

Kaefferkopf

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37
Q

Alsace AOP wines labled simply “Pinot” may contain any amount of which four grapes?

A

Pinot Noir

Pinot Gris

Pinot Blanc

Auxerrois

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38
Q

Tokay d’Alsace AKA:

A

Pinot Gris

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39
Q

Traminer AKA _________ (in the Jura).

A

Savignan

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40
Q

Klevener de Heiligenstein AKA __________ (in the Jura).

A

Savignan Rose

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41
Q

Name the 2 pink clones of the traditional grape Traminer:

A

Gewurztraminer

Klevener de Heiligenstein

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42
Q

What is the difference between ‘Klevner’ and ‘Klevener?’

A

Klevner = Pinot Blanc

Klevener = clone of Traminer found in Heiligenstein

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43
Q

A branch of Europe’s most powerful dynasty, whose rivalry with France started the ‘Thirty Years’ War.’

A

Spanish Habsburg House

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44
Q

The only variety permitted in GC Kastelberg (Andlau).

A

Riesling

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45
Q

The year during the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ when France seized most of Alsace to prevent it from falling into the hands of the Spanish Habsburgs.

A

1639.

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46
Q

Although famously not listed on the label, Trimbach’s ‘Clos Ste-Hune’ riesling comes from which Alsace GC?

A

Rosacker (Hunawihr)

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47
Q

Soil type of Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann).

A

Volcanic

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48
Q

Which of the noble grapes is not permitted to be bottled as a single variety in either Altenberg de Bergheim or Kaefferkopf?

A

Muscat (max 10% of blends)

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49
Q

What is the ideal serving temp for Alsace GC wines?

A

45

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50
Q

Alsace GC AOP was first decreed in what year, with what sole named vineyard?

A

1975; Schlossberg (Kientzheim)

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51
Q

‘Thirty Years’ War’ years:

A

1618-1648

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52
Q

What was the name for Alsace while it was a part of Germany?

A

Elsass

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53
Q

What four soil types of Alsace enhance the gunflint flavor/aroma of riesling?

A

Flint

Schist

Shale

Slate

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54
Q

What 3 departments are included in the ‘Grand Est?’

A

Alsace

Lorraine

Champagne-Ardenne

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55
Q

Name 3 top producers of Schlossberg GC in Kientzheim?

A

Dme Weinbach

Albert Mann

Paul Blanck

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56
Q

Top 10 Alsace producers:

A

Trimbach
Weinbach
Albert Mann
Paul Blanck

Albert Boxler
Dme Ostertag

Marcel Deiss
Hugel et Fils

Lucien Albrecht
Zind-Humbrecht

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57
Q

Which 2 producers are famous for using ‘Vins de Fruit’ (single variety), ‘Vins de Terroir’ (field blends), and ‘Vins de Temps’ (late harvest wines)?

A

Marcel Deiss

Andre Ostertag

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58
Q

The deadline date for producers to declare vineyard(s) & grape(s) for GC wines.

A

March 1st

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59
Q

Which mutation is ‘Muscat d’Alsace?’

A

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains

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60
Q

Training systems permitted for Alsace GC:

A

Single & Double Guyot

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61
Q

Minimum ABV requirements for Alsace GC:

A

Riesling, Muscat, Sylvaner - 11%

Pinot Gris, Gewurz - 12.5%

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62
Q

Minimum final blend ABV requirement for Kaefferkopf:

A

12%

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63
Q

What is ‘Gentil?’

A

Blends w/ minimum 50% noble varieties (base wines must be vinified separately)

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64
Q

What is ‘Edelzwicker?’

A

‘Noble Mixture’

A cheap blend - can be MV, no definition for varietal %s, can be single-varietal

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65
Q

What percentage of wine in Alsace is white?

A

90%

(20% of total French whites)

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66
Q

Pinot Blanc AKA ____________.

A

Klevner

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67
Q

Varietally labeled Alsace AOP wines must be ____% that grape, with the exception of _________, which may be blended with __________.

A

100%

Pinot Blanc - Auxerrois

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68
Q

The German Emperor and King of Prussia, whose abdication in November 1918 ended WWI and gave Alsace-Lorraine total independence (for less than a month):

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II

69
Q

This treaty concluded the ‘Thirty Years’ War’ in 1648:

A

The Treaty of Westphalia

70
Q

Soils of the steep Alsatian slopes:

A

Schist, granite, volcanic

71
Q

Soils of the lower Alsatian slopes:

A

Limestone

72
Q

Soils of the Alsatian plains at the foot of the Vosges:

A

Alluvial clay & gravel

73
Q

Chasselas AKA ___________.

A

Gutedel

74
Q

What was the last vineyard to receive GC status and on what date?

A

Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)

Jan 12, 2007

75
Q

Which 2 Alsace Grands Crus may blend according to certain mandated proportions and a/o what dates?

A

Altenberg de Bergheim
Mar 21, 2005

Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)
Jan 12, 2007

76
Q

Local pink sandstone substoil of Alsace and its makeup:

A

Gres de Vosges (quartz & feldspar)

77
Q

The last major French region to gain AOC status and in what year?

A

Alsace - 1962

78
Q

Alsace AOP max yield? Alsace Grand Cru AOP?

A

70 hl/ha

55 hl/ha
(w/ PLC 10%)

79
Q

The ‘Grand Est’ region is made up of which three departements?

A

Alsace

Lorraine

Champagne-Ardenne

80
Q

The 2 principal viticultural hazards of Alsace:

A

Soil erosion

Drought

81
Q

By the year 1000, how many Alsatian villages were growing grapes, vs how many today?

A

160 vs. 118 today

82
Q

Which GC vineyard is permitted to varietally bottle a non-noble variety as a historical site for this grape and what date?

A

Zotzenberg - Sylvaner
a/o Mar 21, 2005

83
Q

What varieties and percentages are permitted in Kaefferkopf GC blends?

A

Gewurztraminer: 60-80%
Riesling: 10-40%
Pinot Gris: max 30%
Muscat: max 10%

84
Q

Name 3 producers of Cremant d’Alsace not named Lucien Albrecht:

A

Albert Boxler

Albert Mann

Arthur Metz

85
Q

Heavy clay and marl give wine more:

A

More body, weight, broader flavors

86
Q

Which GC is permitted for Riesling ONLY?

A

Kastelberg (Andlau)

87
Q

What is the most common variety for VT?

A

Gewurztraminer

88
Q

What is the rarest variety for VT?

A

Muscat

89
Q

What vineyard does Leon Beyer’s Riesling “Cuvee Particuliere” come from?

A

Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)

90
Q

Name 3 producers who make a GC Kaefferkopf blend:

A

*Jean-Baptiste Adam

Dme Geschickt

Maurice Schoeck

91
Q

Alsace average growing season temp?

A

60

92
Q

Alsace average growing season rainfall?

A

15”

93
Q

Soils of Muenchberg (Nothalten):

A

Pebbly volcanic sandstone

94
Q

Soils of Altenberg de Bergheim:

A

Calcareous clay

95
Q

Soils of Schlossberg (Kientzheim):

A

Granite

96
Q

Soils of Pfingstberg (Orschwihr):

A

Calcareous-marl & clayey-sandstone

97
Q

Soils of Rosacker (Hunawihr):

A

Dolomitic limestone - rich in magnesium

98
Q

What does ‘foehn’ refer to?

A

‘Foehn’ winds are dry, warm, downslope winds of a rain-shadow mountain slope

99
Q

Alsace Grand Cru AOP maximum yields:

A

55 hl/ha

100
Q

Muscat is NOT authorized for varietal wines in which 3 GCs?

A

Zotzenberg (Mittelbergheim)

Altenberg de Bergheim

Kaefferkopf (Ammerschwihr)

101
Q

Alsace varietal plantings percentage breakdown:

A

Riesling - 22%
Pinot Blanc - 21%
Gewurztraminer - 20%

Pinot Gris - 15%
Pinot Noir - 10%
Sylvaner - 7.5%
Muscat - 2%

102
Q

Franco-Prussian war years:

A

1870-1871

103
Q

The smallest Alsace Grand Cru & its size:

A

Kanzlerberg (Bergheim) - 3ha

104
Q

Other than the 4 noble grapes which grapes are permitted to be bottled varietally in Alsace AOP?

A

Pinot Blanc (Klevner)

Auxerrois

Chasselas (Gutedel)

Sylvaner

Pinot Noir

105
Q

What is the ‘workhorse’ of Cremant d’Alsace and what other varieties are permitted?

A

Pinot Blanc

Riesling
Auxerrois
Pinot Gris

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir

106
Q

Name the 2 GCs permitted for Pinot Noir production since the 2022 vintage:

A

Hengst (Wintzenheim)

Kirchberg de Barr

107
Q

Min must weights for Alsace GC:

A

Riesling, Muscat, Sylvaner - 168 g/L

Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer - 193 g/L

108
Q

Which Alsace GC is the only outlier to the minimum ABV and must weights requirements and what are they?

A

Altenberg de Bergheim:

Riesling - 12% | 185 g/L
Pinot Gris & Gewurz - 14% | 218 g/L
Final Blend - 14%

109
Q

What varieties & percentages are permitted in GC Altenberg de Bergheim blends?

A

Riesling: 50-70%
Pinot Gris: 10-25%
Gewurztraminer: 10-25%

Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Muscat, Chasselas: total max 10%

110
Q

More limestone & sandy soils give wine more:

A

Elegance & finesse

111
Q

What is “PLC?”

A

‘Plafond Limite de Classement’

A maximum-yield variable in an appellation - regularly increased by up to 20%

112
Q

Minimum must weights for VT & SGN:

A

VT | SGN (g/L):
Riesling & Muscat: 244 - 276
Gewurz & PG: 270 - 306

113
Q

Pioneer of lower yields in the 1970’s:

A

Leonard Humbrecht

114
Q

Name 3 producers making GC Pinot Noir in Hengst or Kirchberg de Barr:

A

Albert Mann (cuvee H)

Leipp Leininger

Vincent Stoeffler

115
Q

Name the 5 high quality lieux-dits of GC Brand:

A

Steinglitz

Schneckenberg

Kirchtal

Weingarten

Jebsal

116
Q

Name a producer/bottling of GC Eichberg:

A

Leon Beyer
(Riesling/Gewurztraminer)
‘Cuvee des Comtes d’Eguisheim’

117
Q

This GC’s rieslings have been well-documented since 1308:

A

Geisberg (Ribeauville)

118
Q

Top producer for GC Hengst Gewurztraminer:

A

Josmeyer

119
Q

One of the top sites of Guebwiller (along w/ Kitterle) though NOT classified:

A

Wanne

120
Q

Name a producer who makes a riesling from Wanne vineyard:

A

Dirler-Cade

121
Q

This GC has been well-documented since 783, when it was known as ‘Sigolttesberg:’

A

Mambourg (Sigolsheim)

122
Q

This GC claims the warmest vineyards in Alsace:

A

Mambourg (Sigolsheim)

123
Q

This GC’s name means “almond tree hill:”

A

Mandelberg (Mittelwihr & Beblenheim)

124
Q

This GC’s name means “monk’s hill:”

A

Moenchberg (Andlau & Eichhoffen)

125
Q

900m peak above Muenchberg (Nothalten):

A

Undersberg (Vosges)

126
Q

Where do the grapes come from for Trimbach’s Riesling ‘Cuvee Frederic Emile?’

A

Geisberg & Osterberg (both Ribeauville)

127
Q

Leon Beyer’s ‘Cuvee Particuliere’ is 100% from what GC site?

A

Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)

128
Q

In which town was it written that Hercules left his club behind, having been so embarrassed from drinking too much wine (club is on Colmar coat of arms)?

A

Rangen (Thann & Vieux-Thann)

129
Q

The finest riesling in Alsace:

A

Trimbach Clos Ste-Hune

130
Q

(Paul Blanck/Dme Weinbach) produces a Schlossberg riesling in a more classic, restrained style.

A

Paul Blanck

131
Q

(Paul Blanck/Dme Weinbach) produces a Schlossberg riesling with more exuberant fruit.

A

Dme Weinbach

132
Q

What cooperative produces ‘Pinot Blanc Schneckenberg’ and from what GC vineyard?

A

Pfaffenheim cooperative; Steinert

133
Q

This GC translates to “block of stone.”

A

Steinklotz (Marlenheim)

134
Q

Name 2 GCs known particularly for Muscat:

A

Kirchberg de Ribeauville

Froehn (Zellenberg)

135
Q

Name 5 GCs known particularly for Pinot Gris:

A

Gloeckelberg (Rodern & St-Hippolyte)

Sonnenglanz (Beblenheim)

Sporen (Riquewihr)

Steingrubler (Wettolsheim)

Steinert (Pfaffenheim)

136
Q

Name 2 Bas-Rhin GCs known for Gewurztraminer:

A

Altenberg de Bergbieten

Winzenberg (Blienschwiller)

137
Q

Name 10 Haut-Rhin GCs known for Gewurztraminer:

A

Altenberg de Bergheim

Sonnenglanz (Beblenheim)
Sporen (Riquewihr)
Marckrain (Bennwihr & Sigolsheim)

Hengst (Wintzenheim)
Pfersigberg (Eguisheim & Wettolsheim)
Eichberg (Eguisheim)

Hatschbourg (Hattstatt & Voegtlinshoffen)
Goldert (Gueberschwihr)

Kessler (Guebwiller)

138
Q

Name 4 Alsace GCs known for Pinot Noir:

A

Steinklotz (Marlenheim)

Kirchberg de Barr

Hengst (Wintzenheim)

Vorbourg (Rouffach & Westhalten)

139
Q

How many geographic designations are in Alsace Communale AOC?

A

12

140
Q

Name the 12 designations of Alsace Communale AOC

A

Berheim
Blienschwiller

Coteaux du Haut Koenigsbourg
Cotes de Barr
Cote de Rouffach

Klevener de Heiligenstein

Ottrott
Rodern
St-Hippolyte

Scherwiller
Val St-Gregoire
Vallee Noble

141
Q

Which 3 Alsace Communale AOC designations permit red wines only?

A

Ottrott
Rodern
St-Hippolyte

142
Q

Which is the only Alsace Communale AOC designation to permit both red and white wine?

A

Cote de Rouffach

143
Q

What was the world’s first biodynamic vineyard and in what year was it Demeter certified?

A

Dme Eugene Meyer (Bergholtz) - 1969

144
Q

What was the world’s second Demeter certified biodynamic vineyard?

A

Jean-Pierre Frick (Pfaffenheim) - 1980

145
Q

In the 9th century, Roman poet Ermoldus Nigellus from Aquitaine compared the wines of ___________ to those of Falernum.

A

Sigolsheim (includes modern-day Mambourg GC)

146
Q

Great Alsace vintages:

A

59, 61

69, 71

75, 83, 90

147
Q

What was 1999 like in Alsace?

A

A very wet vintage; rain, rot & mildew

148
Q

What was 2003 like in Alsace?

A

Hot; winemakers permitted to acidify

149
Q

What was 2004 like in Alsace?

A

Wet

150
Q

What happened in 2013 in Alsace?

A

Rain at harvest

151
Q

What was 2014 like in Alsace?

A

Cool vintage; higher acid

152
Q

What happened in 2017 & 2019 in Alsace?

A

Spring frosts

153
Q

What was 2018 like in Alsace?

A

Warm; softer acidities

154
Q

What was 2021 like in Alsace?

A

Spring frosts followed by heavy rains in May, June, July - mildew

155
Q

What is the principal style of wine made in Cotes de Toul AOP in Lorraine?

A

Vin Gris pale rose from gamay & pinot noir

85% individual maximum
Both required
10% minimum pinot noir

156
Q

What are the accessory varieties to Cotes de Toul AOP Vin Gris?

A

Maximum 15% combined:

Pinot meunier
Aubin
Auxerrois

157
Q

What grapes are permitted in Cotes de Toul AOP Blanc?

A

Auxerrois & aubin

158
Q

Cotes de Toul AOP Rouge is 100% what variety?

A

Pinot noir

159
Q

Grapes permitted in Moselle AOP in Lorraine:

A

Auxerrois
Muller-Thurgau
Pinot gris

Pinot blanc
Riesling
Gewurztraminer

Pinot noir
Gamay

160
Q

What is Moselle AOP Blanc made up of?

A

Min. 50% Auxerrois

Min. 70% combined:
Auxerrois, muller-thurgau, pinot gris

Accessory varieties:
Pinot blanc, riesling, max. 10% gewurztraminer

161
Q

Which grapes are permitted to be labeled varietally in Moselle AOP?

A

Pinot gris & muller-thurgau

162
Q

What is Moselle AOP Rouge?

A

100% pinot noir

163
Q

What is Moselle AOP Rose?

A

Min. 70% pinot noir, gamay

164
Q

What winemaking practice in Moselle AOP is mandatory for roses?

A

De-stemming and maceration of red grapes for 24-48 hours

165
Q

T/F: Moselle AOP roses may be made via saignee.

A

False, maceration of 24-48 hours mandatory

166
Q

By 1985 only 3 ha of vineyards remained in Moselle due to what?

A

Phylloxera

167
Q

Gamay is limited by law to maximum ___% planted surface area in Moselle.

A

30%

168
Q

What happened in 1991 in Alsace?

A

Rain at harvest

CMS-A (17 decks)

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