Sound pages 124-134

Question 1

What is a wave?

Answer 1

In science a wave is an oscillation or vibration that transfers energy or information. A wave can also be an undulation on the surface of the water.

Question 2

What are a few uses of a wave?

Answer 2

Waves used in microwaves to cook food and sound waves to help you communicate.

Question 3

What is an amplitude?

Answer 3

An amplitude is the distance from the middle to the top or bottom of wave.

Question 4

What is a frequency?

Answer 4

A frequency is the number of waves that go past a particular point per second.

Question 5

What is a wavelength?

Answer 5

A wavelength is the distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave.

Question 6

What is the top of a wave called?

Answer 6

The top of a wave is called a peak or a crest.

Question 7

What is the bottom of a wave called?

Answer 7

The bottom of a wave is called a trough.

Question 8

What is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 8

A longitudinal wave is when the oscillation is parallel to the direction of the wave - it is in the Sam direction as the spring itself.

Question 9

What is a transverse wave?

Answer 9

A transverse is when the oscillation is at 90º to the direction of the wave.

Question 10

What is a compression?

Answer 10

Ina compression the coils of the spring are close together.

Question 11

What are refractions?

Answer 11

In a refraction the coils are further apart.

Question 12

What is reflection?

Answer 12

When waves bounce off surfaces and barriers

Question 13

What is an incident wave?

Answer 13

The wave coming into the barrier is called the incident wave.

Question 14

What is a reflected wave?

Answer 14

The wave bouncing off is called the reflected wave.

Question 15

What does a wave reflect off?

Answer 15

A wave reflects off a barrier.

Question 16

What is it called when waves are added together?

Answer 16

When waves are put together they super pose. This means that they add up or cancel out.

Question 17

What is vibration?

Answer 17

A vibration produces a sound wave.

Question 18

What produces a sound that moves backwards and forwards?

Answer 18

All speakers, like the ones in your headphones, have something that moves backwards and forwards, or vibrates. This makes the air molecules move backwards and forwards, which produces a sound wave.

Question 19

What does sound need to travel through?

Answer 19

Sound needs a medium like a solid, liquid or gas to travel through.

Question 20

Why can’t sound travel through a vacuum (an empty space)?

Answer 20

Sound cannot travel through through empty space, a vacuum, because there are no air molecules to vibrate and produce sound.

Question 21

What medium does sound travel fastest in?

Answer 21

Sound travels fastest in solids, 5000m/s.

Question 22

Why does sound travel through a solid faster than through gas or a liquid?

Answer 22

The particles in a solid are very close together, so the vibration is passed along more quickly than a gas.

Question 23

What three types of medium can sound travel through and which is fastest?

Answer 23

Sound travels through gases, liquids and solids, but sound travels through solids the fastest.

Question 24

What can you plug a microphone into to see what the sound of your voice looks like?

Answer 24

You can plug a microphone into an oscilloscope to see what the sound of your voice looks like.

Question 25

What does a louder sound have to make it a louder sound?

Answer 25

A loud sound has a bigger amplitude than a soft sound.

Question 26

What affects the pitch of a sound?

Answer 26

The pitch of a note depends on the frequency. High-pitched sounds have a high frequency and low-pitched sounds have a low frequency.

Question 27

What is frequency measured in?

Answer 27

Frequency is measured in hertz(Hz) or kilohertz(kHz).

Question 28

What does audible range mean?

Answer 28

You can only hear a particular range of frequencies, called the audible range.

Question 29

What are frequencies below 20 Hz called?

Answer 29

Frequencies below 20 Hz called infrasound.

Question 30

What are frequencies above 20,000 Hz called?

Answer 30

Frequencies above 20,000 Hz called ultrasound.

Question 31

What detects sound waves?

Answer 31

Your detects sound waves.

Question 32

What part of the ear directs sound into your auditory canal towards your eardrum?

Answer 32

The part of your ear that you can see, called the pinna, directs the sound wave into your auditory canal towards your eardrum.

Question 33

What parts of the ear make up your outer ear?

Answer 33

The pinna, auditory canal and eardrum make up your outer ear.

Question 34

What makes up your middle ear?

Answer 34

Your eardrum vibrates and passes the vibration on to the ossicles. The ossicles make up the middle

Question 35

What makes the oval window vibrate?

Answer 35

There are tiny bones that amplify the sound. They make the oval window vibrate.

Question 36

What makes up your inner ear and how does sound travel there?

Answer 36

The oval window passes the vibration on to liquid in the cochlea. Specialised cells are at the base of the hairs convert the movement to an electrical signal. The signal travels down the auditory nerve to your brain. You can hear the music. The cochlea and the semi-circular canals make up your inner ear.

Question 37

What are decibels(dB)?

Answer 37

You measure sound intensity in decibels (dB).

Question 38

What does the diaphragm do to do with sound?

Answer 38

The diaphragm vibrates, like your eardrum.

Question 39

What can you use to make the sound louder?

Answer 39

You can use an amplifier to make the sound louder.

Question 40

What is an echo?

Answer 40

When sound reflects off a surface it produces an echo.

Question 41

What is reverberation?

Answer 41

If lots of echoes join together to produce a longer sound this is called reverberation.

Question 42

How can you reduce the effect of echoes?

Answer 42

You can reduce the effect of echoes by covering the walls with soft materials and putting carpet on the floor.

Question 43

What do doctors use to make images of unborn babies?

Answer 43

Doctors use ultrasound to make images of unborn babies.

Question 44

What is a transmitter

Answer 44

A device that gives light or sound.

Question 45

What is a receiver?

Answer 45

The device that absorbs the sound waves.