Cells and Respiration page 14-24 on kerboodle or page 1-8 in cgp ks3 science

Question 1

What is a cell and how can they be seen?

Answer 1

The smallest functional unit in an organism - the building blocks of life. Cells can be seen through a microscope.

Question 2

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 2

This is a thin skin around the - it holds the cells together and also controls what goes in and out.

Question 3

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 3

A rigid outer coating made of cellouse - it gives support to the cell.

Question 4

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 4

These contain chlorophyll used for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis makes food for the plant.

Question 5

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 5

This is jelly-like stuff where most chemical reactions happen.

Question 6

What is cellulose?

Answer 6

It gives support to the cell.

Question 7

What is the function of Mitochondria?

Answer 7

These are tiny structure inside the cell where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place. Respiration releases energy for the cell.

Question 8

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 8

This controls what the cell does.

Question 9

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 9

This is filled with cell sap - a weak solution of sugar and salts.

Question 10

What is a microscope used for?

Answer 10

A microscope is used for looking at objects that are too small too see with the naked eye.

Question 11

What do the lenses in a microscope do?

Answer 11

The lenses in a microscope magnify objects (make them look bigger) so that you can see them.

Question 12

What is step 1 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 12

1) Carry your microscope by the handle.

Question 13

What is step 2 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 13

2) Place it near a lamp or a window, and angle the mirror so light shines up through the hole in the stage.

Question 14

What is step 3 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 14

3) Clip a slide onto the stage. The slide should have the object(s) you want to observe stuck to it.

Question 15

What is step 4 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 15

4) Select the lowest powered object lens.

Question 16

What is step 5 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 16

5) Turn the rough focusing knob to move the objective lens down to just above the slide.

Question 17

What is step 6 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 17

6) Look down the eyepiece lens and adjust the focus using the fine focusing knob.

Question 18

What is step 7 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 18

7) Keep adjusting until you get a clear image of whatever’s on the slide.

Question 19

What is step 8 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 19

8) If you need to see the slide with greater magnification, switch to a higher powered objective lens (a longer one).

Question 20

What is step 9 to Using a Light Microscope?

Answer 20

9) Now refocus the microscope (repeat steps 5-7)

For a digram of a microscope look at page 1.

Question 21

What should you do if a cell cannot be seen in a microscope?

Answer 21

If you stain the cell first (using a coloured dye).

Question 22

What does an animal cell contain?

Answer 22

An animal cell contains a nucleus, cytoplasm, a cell membrane and mitochondria. For diagram look at page 2 of cgp

Question 23

What does a plant cell have?

Answer 23

A plant cell has a cell wall, a nucleus, cytoplasm, a cell membrane, mitochondria, vacuole and chloroplasts. Page 2 cgp

Question 24

What are animals and plants?

Answer 24

Animals and plants are made up of lots of cells. They’re multicellular organisms.

Question 25

What are living things with only one cell called?

Answer 25

Many living things are made up of only one cell - these are called unicellular organisms.

Question 26

What do unicellular organisms have?

Answer 26

Unicellular organisms have adaptations to help them survive in the environment they live in.

Question 27

What does a euglena contain?

Answer 27

A euglena contains a nucleus, a chloroplast and a flagellum. Page 2 cgp

Question 28

Where does a euglena live?

Answer 28

Euglena live in water. They have a tail-like structure called a flagellum to help them swim.

Question 29

What does an amoeba contain?

Answer 29

An amoeba contains a contractile vacuole and a nucleus. Page 2 cgp

Question 30

Where do some amoeba live?

Answer 30

Some amoeba also live in water. They use a contractile vacuole to collect any excess water inside them and squeeze it out at the cell membrane.

Question 31

What is a group of similar cells that come together called?

Answer 31

A group of similar cells come together to make a tissue.

Question 32

What is a group of different tissue working together called?

Answer 32

A group of different tissues work together to make an organ.

Question 33

What is a group of organs working together called?

Answer 33

A group of organs work together to make an organ system.

Question 34

What do multicellular organisms usually made up of?

Answer 34

A multicellular organism is usually made up of several organ systems.

Question 35

What do palisade cells make up?

Answer 35

Palisade Cells make up palisade tissue.

Question 36

What does tissue make when with other tissues?

Answer 36

Tissue which, with other tissues, makes up a leaf (an organ) which with more leaves and other organs, makes up the shoot system (an organ system).

Question 37

What is another word for a leaf?

Answer 37

An organ

Question 38

What do different Organ Systems make?

Answer 38

Different Organ Systems make up a full plant (an organism).

Question 39

Explain how materials move into and out of cells by diffusion? (1st step)

Answer 39

1) cells need things like glucose (sugar) and oxygen to survive. They also need to get rid of waste products, like carbon dioxide.

Question 40

Explain how materials move into and out of cells by diffusion? (2nd step)

Answer 40

2) These materials all move into or out of cells by a process called diffusion.

Question 41

Explain how materials move into and out of cells by diffusion? (3rd step)

Answer 41

3) Diffusion is where a substance moves from an area of high concentration (where there’s lots of it) to an area of low concentration (where there’s lots of it) - just like glucose in the diagram on cgp book page 3.