some facts to learn human Flashcards
when have the USA agreed to reduce CO2 emissions by
2025
when have china agreed to reduce emissions
2030
what have russia done to act on the enviornment
nanotechnology investment
what % roads in ethiopia are unpaved
85%
when did china join the world trade organisation
2001
how may deaths is air pollution responsible for in china
4000
how many are under the poverty line in india
32%
what % of detroits population was lost the past decade
25%
what fraction of families in detroit live below the poverty line
1/3
in what year was detroit declared bankrupt
2013
what was detroits murder rate in 2014
45 per 100,000
how many citizens leave detroit a month
1000
how many job vacancies are there in the UK
607,900
which country ranked highest on the 2014 gender inequality index
slovenia
which countries is there greatest inequality
niger and yemen
Name a political quality of a superpower
Having a permanent seat on the UN security council
Name an economic quality of a superpower
High GDP/High levels of trade
Suggest what a county’s access to resources is like if it is classed a Superpower
Able to export and control the supply of valuable commodities eg. Oil
What are the veto countries in the UN security council?
China/France/Russia/UK/US
What is one positive thing about being in the UN security council?
Can be decisive; Overriding factor-not a lone country
What is one negative thing about being in the UN security council?
Countries may act out of their own interest
What was the USAs per capita GDP?
$53,000
What is China’s per capita GDP?
$6000
What % of all financial transactions are in US dollars?
80%
How much money does the USA give out in terms of financial assistance?
$33billion
How much money does the UK give out in terms of financial assistance?
$19billion
How much more is the USAs military spending compared to China? What percentage is this of global military spending?
4-5times
How many barrels of oil are there in the USA?
264billion
How many barrels of oil are there in China?
20.3billion
How many barrels of oil are there in Russia?
250billion
What are the three parts the world is divided into?
The world Island; Offshore Islands; Outlying islands
Who created geo-strategic theory?
Halford Mackinder
What is neo-colonialism?
Use of investment, trade and culture to influence independent countries instead of direct governance
Between 1992 and 1999, how many jobs were added to the American work force per year?
1.7million
Which countries are the only $1trillion economies outside the OECD?
BRICS
Give three examples of China’s growing dominance
Exports increase; Infrastructure development; TNCs moved there through special economic zones
How many Chinese people are estimated to be in Africa?
1million
In 2010, what % of Chinese imports were mineral products from Africa?
80%
Why has China dominated Africa?
Easy to dominate; Cheaper; No competition
What four factors of environmental degradation is caused by superpowers?
Landscape Scarring; The built environment; Oil spills; Removal of forests
How many tonnes of CO2 did the USA emit from 1850 to 2007?
339,000million
What % of the world’s oil resources are in the Arctic?
13%
The UN convention on the law of the sea allows countries to own how many miles beyond their coastline?
200miles
What year did Russia use submarines to put a flag at the north pole?
2007
What is the name of the Chinese icebreaker which navigated the northern sea route for the first time?
Xuelong
Why is there tension over oil?
Demand is high; Ambiguity over possession
Why is there conflict over production of goods?
Counterfeiting
How many countries signed the Anti-counterfeiting trade agreement in 2011?
32
How much does counterfeiting cost G20 countries a year?
$85billion
Which countries are disputing over 8 islands in the East China sea?
Japan and China
In which years did Gazprom raise the price of gas and cut the supply of Ukraine in winter?
2006/2009
What % of all new projects in Africa are the result of Chinese investment?
30%
More than how many Chinese schools in Africa were formed due to the brain drain?
20
How much has annual FDI from China increased to by 2015?
$3billion
How much does China provide in economic and development aid to Africa each year?
$2billion-$3billion
How many km of railways were built in Africa by China by 2015?
2250km
Give three factors that are challenges to superpowers?
Radicalisation; Cultural differences; Nationalism
What six factors cause instability in the middle east?
Religion; Resources; Oil/Gas; Governance; Youth; History
What % of crude oil exports originate in the middle east?
65%
when was the gulf of mexico oil spil
BP 2010
450 million litres
how much of alaskas budget relies on Oil revenues
88%
what is a sphere of influence
physical region over which a country believes it has military, economic, cultural and political rights over and this can extend beyond borders
how much of worlds undiscovered oil is in arctic
1/4
receding polar ice is increasing its accessibility
how many countries are in the commonwealth
53
why is the arctic a potential area of conflict
> there are already territorial boundary disputes between countries involved
and there are debates over how to exploit these resources sustainably and who has sovereignty over parts of the seabed
when did drakelands pit in devon reopen
2015
tungsten- as price had doubled as global supplies are low
more noise pollution and air pollution and chemicals contaminate groundwater
what do the UN aim to do
prevent reoccurance of global conflict by focussing on establishing fundamental human rights equally for all genders
superpowers and emerging countries can also influence the geopolitical stabiity through various UN institutions such as the UN security council
What do they do
> authoritise and direct action/ peace opperations to resolve conflict through either economic sanctions or the use of the international court of justice or by military action/ intervention
what is the international court of justice
resolve legal disputes brought to it by UN member states
9 judges are elected by UN general security council but 5 permanent members always have a judgement
which IGOs are most notable to prevent future war by creating greater cooperation between countries
IMF
OECD
WB
WTO
what is OECDs mission
(organisation for economic cooperation and development)
improve economic and social wellbeing
of poeple worldwide through promoting improvement policies
what are IGOs aims
promote privatisation, deregulation and free trade
and capitalism around world
POLICIES THEY ENCOURAGE HELP COUNTRIES GO THROUGH ROSTOWS STAGES OF MODERISATION
how much aid given by EU was:
- government and civil society aid
- humanitarian aid
- 2014 17% of EU aid was for government and civil society
- 17% for humanitarian aid
what is the UKs bilateral aid target
and how much in aid in 2013
0.7% of GNI on international trade
equated to £11.2 billion in 2013
how much did Uk gov give to somalia in 2012
£86.8 million (somalia most corrupt country)
how much aid did UK give to afghanistan
£200 million
who is the biggest receiver of Overseas Development Aid ODA
afghanistan with $5,050 million in 2013 followed by Myanmar with $3,417 million
what % of Zimbabwe agricultural workers are women and how many of this own land
70%
only 5% own land
what % of people in zimbabwe live on $1 a day
33%
how many families in North Kenya helped by $143 million program from UK
71,000 families in northern Kenya with severely malnourished children, and pregnant and breastfeeding women
when was democracy instilled in afghanistan
democracy instilled in 2004
