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A lvl Geography Final Exam > some facts to learn human > Flashcards

some facts to learn human Flashcards

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1
Q

when have the USA agreed to reduce CO2 emissions by

A

2025

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2
Q

when have china agreed to reduce emissions

A

2030

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3
Q

what have russia done to act on the enviornment

A

nanotechnology investment

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4
Q

what % roads in ethiopia are unpaved

A

85%

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5
Q

when did china join the world trade organisation

A

2001

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6
Q

how may deaths is air pollution responsible for in china

A

4000

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7
Q

how many are under the poverty line in india

A

32%

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8
Q

what % of detroits population was lost the past decade

A

25%

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9
Q

what fraction of families in detroit live below the poverty line

A

1/3

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10
Q

in what year was detroit declared bankrupt

A

2013

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11
Q

what was detroits murder rate in 2014

A

45 per 100,000

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12
Q

how many citizens leave detroit a month

A

1000

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13
Q

how many job vacancies are there in the UK

A

607,900

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14
Q

which country ranked highest on the 2014 gender inequality index

A

slovenia

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15
Q

which countries is there greatest inequality

A

niger and yemen

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16
Q

Name a political quality of a superpower

A

Having a permanent seat on the UN security council

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17
Q

Name an economic quality of a superpower

A

High GDP/High levels of trade

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18
Q

Suggest what a county’s access to resources is like if it is classed a Superpower

A

Able to export and control the supply of valuable commodities eg. Oil

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19
Q

What are the veto countries in the UN security council?

A

China/France/Russia/UK/US

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20
Q

What is one positive thing about being in the UN security council?

A

Can be decisive; Overriding factor-not a lone country

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21
Q

What is one negative thing about being in the UN security council?

A

Countries may act out of their own interest

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22
Q

What was the USAs per capita GDP?

A

$53,000

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23
Q

What is China’s per capita GDP?

A

$6000

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24
Q

What % of all financial transactions are in US dollars?

A

80%

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25
Q

How much money does the USA give out in terms of financial assistance?

A

$33billion

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26
Q

How much money does the UK give out in terms of financial assistance?

A

$19billion

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27
Q

How much more is the USAs military spending compared to China? What percentage is this of global military spending?

A

4-5times

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28
Q

How many barrels of oil are there in the USA?

A

264billion

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29
Q

How many barrels of oil are there in China?

A

20.3billion

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30
Q

How many barrels of oil are there in Russia?

A

250billion

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31
Q

What are the three parts the world is divided into?

A

The world Island; Offshore Islands; Outlying islands

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32
Q

Who created geo-strategic theory?

A

Halford Mackinder

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33
Q

What is neo-colonialism?

A

Use of investment, trade and culture to influence independent countries instead of direct governance

34
Q

Between 1992 and 1999, how many jobs were added to the American work force per year?

A

1.7million

35
Q

Which countries are the only $1trillion economies outside the OECD?

A

BRICS

36
Q

Give three examples of China’s growing dominance

A

Exports increase; Infrastructure development; TNCs moved there through special economic zones

37
Q

How many Chinese people are estimated to be in Africa?

A

1million

38
Q

In 2010, what % of Chinese imports were mineral products from Africa?

A

80%

39
Q

Why has China dominated Africa?

A

Easy to dominate; Cheaper; No competition

40
Q

What four factors of environmental degradation is caused by superpowers?

A

Landscape Scarring; The built environment; Oil spills; Removal of forests

41
Q

How many tonnes of CO2 did the USA emit from 1850 to 2007?

A

339,000million

42
Q

What % of the world’s oil resources are in the Arctic?

A

13%

43
Q

The UN convention on the law of the sea allows countries to own how many miles beyond their coastline?

A

200miles

44
Q

What year did Russia use submarines to put a flag at the north pole?

A

2007

45
Q

What is the name of the Chinese icebreaker which navigated the northern sea route for the first time?

A

Xuelong

46
Q

Why is there tension over oil?

A

Demand is high; Ambiguity over possession

47
Q

Why is there conflict over production of goods?

A

Counterfeiting

48
Q

How many countries signed the Anti-counterfeiting trade agreement in 2011?

A

32

49
Q

How much does counterfeiting cost G20 countries a year?

A

$85billion

50
Q

Which countries are disputing over 8 islands in the East China sea?

A

Japan and China

51
Q

In which years did Gazprom raise the price of gas and cut the supply of Ukraine in winter?

A

2006/2009

52
Q

What % of all new projects in Africa are the result of Chinese investment?

A

30%

53
Q

More than how many Chinese schools in Africa were formed due to the brain drain?

A

20

54
Q

How much has annual FDI from China increased to by 2015?

A

$3billion

55
Q

How much does China provide in economic and development aid to Africa each year?

A

$2billion-$3billion

56
Q

How many km of railways were built in Africa by China by 2015?

A

2250km

57
Q

Give three factors that are challenges to superpowers?

A

Radicalisation; Cultural differences; Nationalism

58
Q

What six factors cause instability in the middle east?

A

Religion; Resources; Oil/Gas; Governance; Youth; History

59
Q

What % of crude oil exports originate in the middle east?

A

65%

60
Q

when was the gulf of mexico oil spil

A

BP 2010

450 million litres

61
Q

how much of alaskas budget relies on Oil revenues

A

88%

62
Q

what is a sphere of influence

A

physical region over which a country believes it has military, economic, cultural and political rights over and this can extend beyond borders

63
Q

how much of worlds undiscovered oil is in arctic

A

1/4

receding polar ice is increasing its accessibility

64
Q

how many countries are in the commonwealth

A

53

65
Q

why is the arctic a potential area of conflict

A

> there are already territorial boundary disputes between countries involved
and there are debates over how to exploit these resources sustainably and who has sovereignty over parts of the seabed

66
Q

when did drakelands pit in devon reopen

A

2015

tungsten- as price had doubled as global supplies are low
more noise pollution and air pollution and chemicals contaminate groundwater

67
Q

what do the UN aim to do

A

prevent reoccurance of global conflict by focussing on establishing fundamental human rights equally for all genders

68
Q

superpowers and emerging countries can also influence the geopolitical stabiity through various UN institutions such as the UN security council
What do they do

A

> authoritise and direct action/ peace opperations to resolve conflict through either economic sanctions or the use of the international court of justice or by military action/ intervention

69
Q

what is the international court of justice

A

resolve legal disputes brought to it by UN member states

9 judges are elected by UN general security council but 5 permanent members always have a judgement

70
Q

which IGOs are most notable to prevent future war by creating greater cooperation between countries

A

IMF
OECD
WB
WTO

71
Q

what is OECDs mission

A

(organisation for economic cooperation and development)

improve economic and social wellbeing
of poeple worldwide through promoting improvement policies

72
Q

what are IGOs aims

A

promote privatisation, deregulation and free trade
and capitalism around world
POLICIES THEY ENCOURAGE HELP COUNTRIES GO THROUGH ROSTOWS STAGES OF MODERISATION

73
Q

how much aid given by EU was:

  • government and civil society aid
  • humanitarian aid
A
  • 2014 17% of EU aid was for government and civil society

- 17% for humanitarian aid

74
Q

what is the UKs bilateral aid target

and how much in aid in 2013

A

0.7% of GNI on international trade

equated to £11.2 billion in 2013

75
Q

how much did Uk gov give to somalia in 2012

A

£86.8 million (somalia most corrupt country)

76
Q

how much aid did UK give to afghanistan

A

£200 million

77
Q

who is the biggest receiver of Overseas Development Aid ODA

A

afghanistan with $5,050 million in 2013 followed by Myanmar with $3,417 million

78
Q

what % of Zimbabwe agricultural workers are women and how many of this own land

A

70%

only 5% own land

79
Q

what % of people in zimbabwe live on $1 a day

A

33%

80
Q

how many families in North Kenya helped by $143 million program from UK

A

71,000 families in northern Kenya with severely malnourished children, and pregnant and breastfeeding women

81
Q

when was democracy instilled in afghanistan

A

democracy instilled in 2004

A lvl Geography Final Exam (13 decks)

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