Human rights legislation

Question 1

when was the UN declaration on human rights founded, how many articles

Answer 1

1948 in response to atrocities in Nazi germany and set out fundamental human rights. 30 articles and countries must adhere to all

Question 2

negatives of UDHR

Answer 2

• declaration not treaty so not legally binding
• since 21st century an increase in authoritarian countries has limited human rights such as Pakistan where executions still take place
• women still discriminated against
• some countries think UDHR is too westernised so haven’t signed and some Islamic countries have created there own versions
• some countries aren’t educated on their rights

Question 3

positives of UDHR

Answer 3

• fundamental rights of people
• most countries follow 193 countries
• clearly defines rights and freedoms

Question 4

what is the European convention on human rights and why was it seen as controversial
when was it founded and how many members

Answer 4

• legally binding of all european countries adapted version of UDHR
• developed after ww2 in 1950, 47 countries and helped Europe after war from abusers of state power
• some see it as an erosion of national sovereignty.
• provides court where decisions override national court decisions hense national sovereignty threatened.

Question 5

negatives of ECHR

Answer 5

• undermines national sovereignty
• only 1.4% of judgements made by European countries have concerned UK and 99% of these were thrown out
• doesn’t change attitudes of countries like russia w/ regard to human rights

Question 6

positives of ECHR

Answer 6

• protects people and gives freedom
• now peace in Ireland over human rights
• allows free trial, religion and protects people from domestic abuse

Question 7

What is the geneva convention

• what does it do
• when was it originally founded
• when was it updated

Answer 7

• only applicable when at war
• series of international diplomatic meetings that produced a number of agreements in particular the humanitarian law of armed conflict
• treats the wounded, captured military and non-military DURING conflict
• 196 countries originates from 1864 but updated in 1949+1977+2005

Question 8

negatives of geneva convention

Answer 8

• not all countries agreed to 2005 or 1977 protocols
• uneven as terrorist organisations such as ISIS dont follow
• amnesty international discovered that 82% of 160 countries don’t follow article 3 anti torture act
• Guantanomo bay

Question 9

positives of geneva convention

Answer 9

• 196 members

- protects public and these effected by war

Question 10

examples of human rights from UN

Answer 10

Article 2: Right to life
Article 3: Freedom from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment
Article 4: Freedom from slavery and forced labour
Article 5: Right to liberty and security
Article 6: Right to a fair trial
Article 7: No punishment without law
Article 8: Respect for your private and family life, home and correspondence
Article 9: Freedom of thought, belief and religion
Article 10: Freedom of expression
Article 11: Freedom of assembly and association
Article 12: Right to marry and start a family
Article 14: Protection from discrimination in respect of these rights and freedoms