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PTRS 852 - Neuro PT I Midterm > Somatosensory Systems > Flashcards

Somatosensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Term: to feel, perceive, or be aware of

A

Sense

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2
Q

Function of the Sensory system

A

Allow organism to sense the body and environment

  • Carry information from periphery to cortex for conscious awareness
  • Unconscious sensation
  • Mediation of sensations
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3
Q

3 Types of Sensation from the Skin

A
  1. Touch (pressure/vibration)
  2. Pain
  3. Temperature
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4
Q

2 Types of Sensation from the Musculoskeletal system

A
  1. Proprioception
  2. Pain
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5
Q

6 Types of Information from Proprioception

A
  1. Stretch of muscles
  2. Tension of tendons
  3. Position of joints
  4. Deep vibration
  5. Static positions
  6. Dynamic positions
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6
Q

Term: Sensory information about movement

A

Kinesthetic sense

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7
Q

Structure: Located at the distal ends of peripheral neurons

A

Receptors

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8
Q

Describe how nociceptors fit into the classification system of receptors

A

Each type of receptor (mechano/chemo/thermo) has a subset classified as nociceptors that are preferentially sensistive to stimuli that damage or threaten to damage tissue and result in a sensation of pain

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9
Q

Term: area of skin innervated by a single afferent neuron

A

Receptive field

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10
Q

Describe how the receptive field changes from proximal to distal locations

A

Smaller with greater density DISTALLY

Larger with less density PROXIMALLY

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11
Q

Describe the importance of receptive fields

A

They are important to somatosensory sensation and needed for find motor control

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12
Q

Term: skin innervated by axons from a single dorsal root

A

Dermatome

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13
Q

Term: axons from a dorsal root innervating specific parts of the limbs regrouped to form nerves

A

Peripheral nerves

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14
Q

3 Superficial Cutaneous Receptors

A
  1. Meissner’s Corpuscle
  2. Merkel’s Disc
  3. Free Nerve Endings
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15
Q

2 Deep Cutaneous Receptors

A
  1. Pacinian Corpuscle
  2. Ruffini Ending
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16
Q

Receptor: Ia

A

Proprioception, muscle spindles, phasic

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17
Q

Receptor: Ib

A

Proprioceptive, GTO, phasic/tonic

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18
Q

Receptor: II

A

Propriocetive, muscle spindles, tonic

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19
Q

Receptor: Alpha Beta - Touch and vibration

A

Meissner’s (s) and Pacinian (d)

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20
Q

Receptor: Alpha Beta - Skin stretch

A

Ruffini’s Endings (d)

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21
Q

Receptor: Alpha Beta - Pressure

A

Merkel’s disc and hair follicles

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22
Q

Receptor: Alpha Delta

A

Free nerve ending: conscious pain, temperature, coarse touch

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23
Q

Receptor: C

A

Free nerve ending, unconscious pain, tempterature, itch, tickle

24
Q

Receptors: Primary superficial fine toch

A

Meissner’s corpuscles and Merkel’s discs

25
Structure: Sensory organ embedded in skeletal/extrafusal muscles
Muscle Spindle
26
3 Parts of a Muscle Spindle
1. Muscle fibers 2. Sensory endings 3. Motor endings
27
Stimuli Muscle Spindles Respond to
Muscle stretch 1. Quick and tonic stretch registered by Ia 2. Tonic stretch registered by II
28
Describe how small efferent fibers adjust spindle fiber length
Small efferents/gamma motor neurons adjust spindle fiber length via specialized intrafusal spindles. There spindles are then responsive through the physiologic range of muscle length
29
Receptor: Type of LMN
Ia afferents and Gamma efferents
30
Structure: Relay information about tension in tendons from both active and passive stretch
GTO
31
Structure: Information transmitted via Ib afferents
GTO
32
Location: Cell bodies of most peripheral sensory neurons
Outside the SC in the DRG Outside the brain in CN ganglia
33
Cortex: Registers receptor activations ('maps')
Primary (somato)sensory cortex
34
Cortex: Processes information from that sensory system alone
Secondary (somato)sensory cortex
35
Cortex: Patterns of activity and anticipation
Secondary (somato)sensory cortex
36
Cortex: Integrates related activity of different sensory system
Sensory association cortex
37
3 other names for primary somatosensory cortex
1. Post central gyrus 2. 312 (Broadmann's) 3. S1
38
Describe the organization of the somatosensory system
Somatotopic Organization from brain down through the cord
39
Area: Receives sensory information directly from thalamus
Primary sensory area
40
Area: Discriminates among different intensities and qualities of one type of input
Primary Sensory Area
41
Cortical Area: Discriminates shape, texture, or size of objects
Primary Somatosensory (B 312)
42
Cortical Area: Conscious discrimination of loudness and pitch of sound
Primary Auditory (B 41)
43
Cortical Area: Distinguishes intensity of light, shape, size, and location of objects
Primary visual (B 17)
44
Cortical Area: Discriminates among head position and head movements
Primary Vestibular
45
Term: Integration of tactile and proprioceptive information from manipulating an object
Sterognosis
46
Cortical Area: Stereognosis and memory of the tactile and spatial environment
Secondary Somatosensory (B 5&7)
47
Cortical Area: Analysis of motion, color, and control of visual fixation
Secondary visual (B 18&19)
48
Cortical Area: Classification of sounds
Secondary Auditory (B 42)
49
Broadmann's Area: Sensory Association Area
39 and 40
50
Describe the function of the divergent pathway
It's the medial pain system that carries slow aching diffuse pain
51
Divergent Pathway: Synapses in medial and intralaminar nuclei of thalamus and projects to limbic system
Spinolimbic
52
Divergent Pathway: Synpases in superior colliculus and periaqueductal gray
Spinomesencephalic
53
Divergent Pathway: Synapses in brainstem reticular formation, functions for arousal, attention, sleep/wake cycles
Spinoreticular
54
Pathway: Unconscious proprioception
Spinocerebellar
55
Pathway: Critical for adjusting movesments and posture
Spinocerebellar

PTRS 852 - Neuro PT I Midterm (15 decks)

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