Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Neuro > Somatic Sensation > Flashcards

Somatic Sensation Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic sensation

A

Enables out body to feel, ache, sense hit or chill, and to know what its parts are doing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Two major types of skin

A

Hairy

Glabrous (hairless)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Skins outer layer

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skins inner layer

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Sensitive to physical distortion such as bending or stretching

They are unmylenated axon branches that are sensitive to stretching, bending l, pressure or vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Receptors that respond quickly at first but then stop firing even though stimulus continues

A

Rapidly adapting receptors

Meisser and pacinian corpuscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Receptors that generate a more sustained response during a long stimulus

A

Meek led disks and ruffinis endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

___are more receptive to high frequency stimulus

A

Pacinian corpuscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

____are more sensitive to low frequency stimuli

A

Meissners corpuscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mechanics of pacinian corpuscles

A

Capsule of tissue with axon in the middle. When capsule is compressed, energy is transferred to the nerve terminal and it’s membrane is deformed.

Machanisensitive channels open and current flowing through the channels generates a receptor potential, which is depolarizing.

If depolarization is large enough, it will fire an action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens is pressure is maintained

A

Layers slip past one another and transfer the stimulus energy in such a way that the axon terminal is no longer deformed.

Receptor potential dissipates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens if pressure is released

A

Events reverse themselves and the terminal depolarizers again and may fire another action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechosensitive ion channels

A

Convert mechanical force into a change of ionic current

They are g-protein coupled receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What part of body had most mechanoreceptors

A

Fingertip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Axons bringing info from the somatic sensory receptors to the spinal chord or brain stem are…

A

Primary afferent axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Receptive fields of human sensory receptors

A

Some receptive fields are realistically small and some are large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Types of mechanosensitive ion channels

A

Some are sensitive to stretching of lipid membrane -tension indices ion channel to open

Others open when force is applied to extracellular structures linked to the channels by peptides

Mechanically sensitive channels may also be linked to intracellular proteins, especially those of the cytoskeleton - deformation of the cell and stress on its cytoskeleton generate forces that regulate channel gating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Spinal segments

A

Divided into four groups and each segment is named after the vertebra adjustment to where the nerves originate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anatomy of spinal cord

A

Has inner core Greg matter with thick covering of white matter.

White matter is called columns.

Grey matter is divided into dorsal horn, intermediate zone, central horn

20
Q

What modifies unconcious reflexes

A

Axons entering dorsal horn and branch. One branch synapses in the deep part of the dorsal horn on second order sensory neurons

21
Q

Pathway serving touch

A

Dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway

22
Q

Proprioception consists of two main components

A

Joint Position Sense

– Kinesthesia

23
Q

Pathway of touch

A

S1 Cortex

thalamus

Dorsal columns/medulla

Touch receptors

24
Q

What part of the thalamus does touch go to

A

Ventral posterior nucleus

25
Q

Medial lemniscus

A

Axons of dorsal column nuclei ascend within this white matter tract

26
Q

Dorsal column nuclei

A

Axons of dorsal column terminate this.

Junction of spinal cord and medulla

27
Q

Proprioception

A

Awareness of body in space

28
Q

Area 3a

A

Posterior parietal cortex.

It receives dense inputs from VO nucleus of the thalamus

It’s neurons are very responsive to somatosensory stimuli

Lesions here unpair sensation

When electricity stimulates it, it evokes somatic sensory experiences

29
Q

Areas one and two receive input from..

A

3b

Area 3b-1 sends mostly texture info

Area 2 emothasizes size and shape

30
Q

Somatotopy

A

Mapping of body’s surface sensations onto a structure in the brain

31
Q

What determines how much brain area an individual body part takes up

A

How important it is to the species. Ex-vibrissae are more important in rodants than paws. But fingers and hands are more important to humans

32
Q

Barrels

A

Whiskers are stamped on the mouse brain.

Each barrel is associated with a single whisker

33
Q

Brain plasticity and use of different body parts

A

Monkeys were trained to use selectedndogits for a good reward. After several weeks of training, microelectrodemmappijg experiments showed that representation of the stimulated digits had expanded in comparison with the adjacent

34
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to recognize objects even though simple sensory skills seem to be normal

35
Q

Asterogjosia

A

Can not recognize common objects by feeling them

36
Q

Neglect syndrome

A

Part of body of visual field is ignored

37
Q

Sensation

A

absorbing raw energy (e.g., light waves, sound waves) through our sensory organs

38
Q

Transduction

A

conversion of this energy to neural signals

39
Q

Attention

A

: concentration of mental energy to process incoming information

40
Q

Perception

A

selecting, organizing, and interpreting these signals

41
Q

tereo vision allows us to detect the 3rd dimension of Depth by

A

VERGENCE

42
Q

Hyperopia

A

Far sighted

43
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsighted

44
Q

Nociceptors

A

Free stanching unmylinated axon .

Unmylinated nerve endings sense that the body is being damaged

45
Q

What is the two point discrimination test and how does it work

A

It determines spatial resolution

Bring two points closer together until they feel like one point

46
Q

What is grey matter divided into in spinal chord

A

dorsal horn, intermediate zone, central horn

47
Q

Dorsal root function

A

Allow sensory nerve to enter spinal cord

Advanced Neuro (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions