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Pharmacology Unit 2 > Somatic NS + Drug Classifications > Flashcards

Somatic NS + Drug Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

somatic NS

A

voluntary
skeletal muscle contraction
neurons connect with skeletal muscle fibers at NMJ

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2
Q

what NT acts on what receptors in somatic NS

A

ACH on nicotinic 2 receptors

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3
Q

what does somatic NS control

A

respirations, contraction of diaphragm/chest muscles, tone for mvmt, posture

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4
Q

drug categories and subcategories of somatic NS

A
  1. peripheral skeletal muscle relaxants
    - depolarizing agents
    - non-depolarizing agents
    - direct acting agents
  2. centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants
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5
Q

MOA of skeletal muscle relaxants in general

A

inhibit skeletal muscle contraction by interfering w neuromuscular function

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6
Q

uses for skeletal muscle relaxants in general

A

painful injuries
decrease spasms from trauma/overexertion/tension
spastic diseases like cerebral palsy or M.S.
pre-op

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7
Q

MOA of depolarizing agents (peripheral SMR)

A

binds to Nm receptor and induces depolarization causing muscle fasciculations
alters Nm receptor so it cannot respond to endogenous ACH and prevents contractions from occurring

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8
Q

drugs of depolarizing agents

A

succinylcholine

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9
Q

side effects of depolarizing agents (succinylcholine)

A

jaw rigidity, hypotension, arrhythmias
can be toxic if cholinesterase is abnormal
should only be used in emergent situations in ped pts

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10
Q

MOA of non-depolarizing agents (peripheral SMR)

A

occupies Nm receptor sites, ACH cannot bind, no contraction or depolarization can occur

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11
Q

drugs of non-depolarizing agents

A

rocuronium bromide (Zemuron®)

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12
Q

antidote for rocuronium bromide (Zemuron®)

A

neostigmine (Prostigmin®) or sugammadex

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13
Q

uses for non-depolarizing agents (rocuronium bromide (Zemuron®)

A

intubation, adjunct therapy for anesthesia, mechanical ventilation

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14
Q

side effects for for non-depolarizing agents (rocuronium bromide (Zemuron®)

A

jaw rigidity, hypotension, arrhythmias, respiratory depression

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15
Q

MOA for direct acting agents (peripheral SMR)

A

inhibits skeletal muscle contraction, blocks Ca++ release within muscle fiber

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16
Q

drug examples of direct acting agent

A

dantrolene (Dantrium®)

17
Q

uses for direct acting agents (dantrolene (Dantrium®) )

A

spastic condition (cerebral palsy/M.S.), spinal cord injuries, malignant hyperthermia

18
Q

side effects for direct acting agents (dantrolene (Dantrium®) )

A

hepatotoxicity, vommiting, dizziness, fatigue, weakness

19
Q

contraindication for direct acting agents (dantrolene (Dantrium®) )

A

patients with lier disease

20
Q

MOA for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A

decreases number of impulses available to produce a contraction at motor neurons
block conduction within spinal cord

21
Q

drug examples for centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxants

A
  • cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril®)
  • carisoprodol (Soma®)
  • methocarbamol (Robaxin ®)
  • orphenadrine citrate (Norflex®)
  • chlorzoxazone (Parafon Forte DSC®)
  • metaxalone (Skelaxin®)
22
Q

uses for centrally acting SMR

A

spasms, injury, overexertion

23
Q

side effects of centrally acting SMR

A

blurred vision, fatigue, decreased mental alertness, dizziness, decreased muscle tone, hypotension
avoid alcohol and operating heavy machinery

24
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

autoimmune disease

antibodies attack Nm receptors

25
Q

symptoms of myasthenia gravis

A

skel musc weakness, paralysis, eyelids droop

26
Q

MOA of myasthenia gravis

A

increased ACH at all nicotinic receptors

decreased activity of acetylcholinesterase that breaks down ACH

27
Q

drugs of myasthenia gravis

A
  • neostigmine (Prostigmin®)
  • pyridostigmine
  • ambenonium
28
Q

side effects of myasthenia gravis drugs

A

N/V/D, blurred vision, excessive sweating, muscular tremors, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, hypotension
(excessive parasympathetic activity)

Pharmacology Unit 2 (8 decks)

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